Body Residue-based Approach as an Alternative of the External Concentration-based Approach for the Ecological Risk Assessment

국문 초록 (Abstract)

환경오염물질로부터 수생태계 보호를 위한 표준적인 평가 및 관리 수단인 수질환경기준은 오염물질의를 이용해 왔다. 이러한 외부환경농도에 기반한 접근방법 은 표적기관에서의 독성물질의 농도가 생물체내 농도에 비례하고, 결국 외부환경농도에도 비례할 것이라고 가정한다. 따라서 환경오염물질의 생물이용도나 생물축적 양상의 차이 때문에 고유 독성치를 비교평가하는데 한계가 있다. 이와 달리 생물체내농도에 기반한 접근방법(이하 생체잔류량 접근법)은 환경오염물질의 생물이용도나 종 특이적 생물축적양상과 관련된 불확실성을 제거하고, 환경오염물질 고유의 독성을 비교평가할 수 있게 해준다. 특히 생한 노출조건에서의 독성영향을 예측하는데 활용할 수 있다. 생체잔류량 접근법 은 독성기작별 임계잔류량(Critical Body Residue)을 결정함으로써 생물모니터링의 결과를 해석하는데 적용되고 있다. 또한 생태위해성평가를 위해서 필요한 무영향예측농도(Predicted No-effect Concentration, PNEC)를 예측하기 위한방법으로 생체 내 잔류량에 기반해서 농도-시간-반응관계를 기술하고, 예측할 수 있는 새로운 유형의 독성역학 및 독성동태학 모델을 제시하고, 생체내 무영향농도(No Effect Concentration, NEC)를 추정하게해 준 다. 특히 생체내 NEC는 무영향관찰농도 (No Observed Effect Concentration, NOEC)와 영향농도(Effect concentration, EC)처럼 분산분석이나 회귀분석모델과 같은 통계적 모델에 기반해서, 농도-반응관계만을 기술할 뿐인 기존 독성모델을 대체할 대안으로 최근에 OECD와 ISO에 의해서 추천되었다.

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