A Feasibility Study on Photo-production of 99mTc with the Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper presents a feasibility study for producing the medical isotope 99mTc using the hazardous andcurrently wasted radioisotope 99Tc. This can be achieved with the nuclear resonance fluorescence (NRF)phenomenon, which has recently been made applicable due to high-intensity laser Compton scattering(LCS) photons. In this work, 21 NRF energy states of 99Tc have been identified as potential contributors tothe photo-production of 99mTc and their NRF cross-sections are evaluated by using the single particleestimate model and the ENSDF data library. The evaluated cross sections are scaled using known measurementdata for improved accuracy. The maximum LCS photon energy is adjusted in a way to cover allthe significant excited states that may contribute to 99mTc generation. An energy recovery LINAC systemis considered as the LCS photon source and the LCS gamma spectrum is optimized by adjusting theelectron energy to maximize 99mTc photo-production. The NRF reaction rate for 99mTc is first optimizedwithout considering the photon attenuations such as photo-atomic interactions and self-shielding due tothe NRF resonance itself. The change in energy spectrum and intensity due to the photo-atomic reactionshas been quantified using the MCNP6 code and then the NRF self-shielding effect was considered toobtain the spectrums that include all the attenuation factors. Simulations show that when a 99Tc target isirradiated at an intensity of the order 1017 g/s for 30 h, 2.01 Ci of 99mTc can be produced

참고문헌 (Reference)

1 Diamond, W., (432) : 1999

2 "http://accelconf.web.cern.ch/accelconf/ipac2012/talks/tuxb03_talk.pdf"

3 X. Hou, "Theoretical dosimetry estimations for radioisotopes produced by proton-induced reactions on natural and enriched molybdenum targets" 57 (57): 1499-, 2012

4 J.lvi Blatt, "Theoretical Nuclear Physics" John Wiley and Sons, lnc. 1952

5 A. Sandorfi, "The fabrication of a Very High Energy Polarized Gamma Ray Beam Facility and a Program of Medium Energy Physics Research at the National Synchrotron Light Source" BNL Physics Department, Proposal to the Department of Energy 1982

6 NEA, "The Supply of Medical Radioisotopes: Review of Potential Molybdenum-99/technetium-99m Production Technologies"

7 R.B. Firestone, "Table of isotopes CD-ROM, Eight Edition Version"

8 J. Lee, "Photoproduction of 99mTc with Laser-Compton Scattering Gamma-ray" Korea Adv. Inst. Science, Techn. 2016

9 T. Sato, "Particle and heavy ion transport code system, PHITS, version 2.52" 50 (50): 913-923, 2013

10 J. Stepanek, "Parametric study of laser Compton-backscattering from free relativistic electrons" 412 (412): 174-182, 1998

11 ur Rehman, H., "Optimization of the laser-Compton scattering spectrum for the transmutation of high-toxicity and long-living nuclear waste" 105 : 150-160, 2017

12 M.R. Bhat, "Nuclear Data for Science and Technology" SpringerVerlag 817-, 1992

13 T. Hayakawa, "Nondestructive assay of plutonium and minor actinide in spent fuel using nuclear resonance fluorescence with laser Compton scattering γ-rays" 621 (621): 695-700, 2010

14 A. Fong, "Making Medical Isotopes: Report of the Task Force on Alternatives for Medical-isotope Production" TRIUMF 2008

15 J. T. Goorley, "MCNP6 User’s Manual, Version 1.0" Los Alamos National Laboratory 2013

16 M. Shimada, "Inverse Compton scattering of coherent synchrotron radiation in an energy recovery linac" 13 (13): 100701d-, 2010

17 T. Ogawa, "Development of general nuclear resonance fluorescence model" 53 (53): 1766-1773, 2016

18 "Data extracted using the NNDC On-Line Data Service from the ENSDF database, file revised as of"

19 H.U. Rehman, "Comparison of the laser-Compton scattering and the conventional Bremsstrahlung X-rays for photonuclear transmutation" 42 (42): 236-244, 2018

20 O. Lebeda, "Assessment of radionuclidic impurities in cyclotron produced 99m Tc" 39 (39): 1286-1291, 2012