교통약자를 위한 특별교통수단의 운영효율성 평가 = Evaluation of Operations Efficiency in Special Transportation Services for the Transportation Vulnerable

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Since “The Mobility Enhancement for the Mobility Impaired Act” was enacted in 2005, the government has actively increased the number of special vehicles for the transportation vulnerable, and the nationwide average reached more than 100% of the statutory number of special vehicles by the end of 2016. While the government's policy has focused primarily on quantitative growth, it is now necessary to concentrate more on efficient operations in services.
Furthermore, since most of the operating costs of special transportation services (STS) are covered by municipal budgets, a comprehensive evaluation of operations efficiency becomes imperative for the sustainability of the services. In addition, the necessity for relative evaluation has also increased because the STS in each region are monopolistically operated. This study used DEA to evaluate the comprehensive and relative efficiency of the operations of the STS in Korea for the first time. This research also proposed a new variable affecting the efficiency of the STS, and statistically analyzed its significance. The results of this study are expected to help policy makers and the management of STS and contribute to the improvement in operations efficiency.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

교통약자의 이동편의 증진법이 2005년에 제정된 이후, 정부는 교통약자를 위한 특별 차량의 수를 적극적으로 증가시켰고, 2016년 말에는 전국 평균으로 법정 차량 수의 100% 이상을 달성하였다. 그동안 정부의 정책이 각 지방자치단체에 적용된 법정 차량 수를 충족시키기 위한 양적 성장에 주로 집중되었다면, 이제는 서비스의 효율적인 운영에 좀 더 집중할 필요가 있다. 더욱이 특별교통수단의 운영 비용이 대부분 지방 예산에 의해 충당되고 있어 서비스의 지속가능성을 위한 통합적인 운영 효율성 평가가 중요하게 되었고, 각 지역의 특별교통수단이 독점적 형태로 운영되고 있기 때문에 지역 별로 운행되고 있는 특별교통수단의 상대적 평가의 필요성 또한 증가하였다. 따라서, 본 연구는 자료포락분석(Data Envelopment Analysis)을 사용하여 특별교통수단의 운영에 관한 통합적이고, 상대적인 효율성 평가를 국내 최초로 실시하였다. 또한, 특별교통수단의 효율성에 영향을 미치는 변수를 새롭게 제안하여 이들의 유의성을 통계적으로 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과는, 향후 특별교통수단에 대한 정책 수립 및 관리자의 운영에 도움을 제공하고, 운영 효율성의 향상에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

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