초대교회 사막의 영성 : 초기수도원과 사막교부들을 중심으로 = Spirituality of the first chuch in desert : Focus on early monasteries and the fathers in deserts

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

ABSTRACT



Spirituality of the first church in desert
-Focus on early monasteries and the Fathers in deserts-



Leem, Moung Sook
Dept. of Graduate School Theology
Hyup Sung University


Supervised by Professor Lee, Choong Bum.



Deserts under extreme natural environment and climate
conditions created not only concepts of danger and death but also
transcendence and eternity. There, Men possessed with fear see
an illusion or long for purity and spiritual reform.
Deserts are an appropriate place to seek the God away from the mundane world. They are a place for revelation and seclusion. Deserts which do not allow mundane values and carnal desires are a place to worship the God. There, men lead evangelical lives by training themselves and empting their minds through loneliness and physical struggles rather than their own spiritual pursuit for self discipline. Deserts were the lands where the Fathers of early churches bore the fruits of the most beautiful spirituality in the world, namely the God's love and love for neighbors, through tears, persistence, contempt, and disdain.
The early desert monastery was established in Egypt by Antoni known as the anchorite. Later, the first cenobite monastery was built by Phachomius. The cenobite monastery was a community to break from individualism and serve neighbors through community life. It mitigated extreme stoicism and practiced acquiescence and indigence through the setup of new organizations and rules. Influenced by Phachomius' monastery, Basilius set up a monastery in the city. With its setup in the mundane world, monasteries finally became directly associated with the church and the socio-political life overcoming the break from the world. Monastic lives (anchorite and cenobite) which started in desserts in Egypt hugely contributed to the progress of the whole of monasteries in the East and the West as well.
Even if it is not possible to pursue the divine nature in geological desserts, when we highlight the divine nature pursued by monks, a new creative life will be born in the desert of the city in spiritual thirst. The summit of the divine nature realized by the Fathers in deserts through fear, death, contempt, tear, and persistence was "love" for salvation. It is necessary to recover the divine nature of Christianity and the identity of Christians as we highlight early desert monasteries and the divine nature of the Fathers.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 목 차
• Ⅰ. 서론 ---------------------------------------3
• Ⅱ. 사막의 종교적 이미지 -----------------------4
• 1. 영적투쟁의 자리 ------------------------------ 5
• 2. 재창조의 자리 -------------------------------- 7
• 3. 그리스도와 일치의 자리 ------------------------ 9
• Ⅲ. 사막수도원의 기원 --------------------------10
• 1. 사막수도원의 발생요인 ------------------------- 10
• 1) 사회적 요인 --------------------------------- 11
• 2) 종교 문화적 요인 -----------------------------13
• 3) 정치적 요인 --------------------------------- 17
• 2. 사막수도원의 형태 ----------------------------- 19
• 1) 독수수도-성 안토니 은둔 금욕주의 ---------------20
• 2) 공주수도-성 파코미우스 수도공동체---------------23
• Ⅳ. 사막교부들 --------------------------------- 40
• 1. 초기사막교부들에 대한 이해 --------------------- 40
• 2. 사막교부들의 영적훈련 ------------------------- 44
• 1) 육체의 훈련 --------------------------------- 45
• 2) 감정의 훈련 --------------------------------- 47
• 3) 생각의 훈련 ---------------------------------48
• 3. 사막교부들의 삶 ------------------------------ 50
• 1) 완덕을 위한 삶 ------------------------------ 51
• 2) 완덕의 신학적 의미 --------------------------- 61
• Ⅴ. 결 론 -------------------------------------- 65
• 참고문헌 --------------------------------------- 69
• ABSTRACT ------------------------------------ 71