환경갈등관리의 제도적 접근방안 -사회영향평가를 중심으로 = The Role of Social Impact Assessment for Environmental Conflict Management

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Wrongly pursued national projects have caused environmental conflicts, producing tax payers` money squandered, environment polluted, and cultural values disregarded. Many reasons contributed to environmental conflicts. First, civic participation was constrained by government. It had not been consulted enough before the projects started, and, even after its importance was recognized, it was mainly considered a procedural nuisance. Second, negotiations and mutual consensus-building were ignored. Rather, government has shown tendencies to rely on the court, resulting in social and economic loss. Third, there is lack of institutions to mediate environmental conflicts. As a consequence, local communities suffer from them, for they are disadvantaged in terms of resources and expertise against government. Fourth, environmental and cultural aspects on impacted local communities are rarely investigated in full. Social impact assessment has been widely used in developed countries as an institutional means to prevent adverse impacts of projects on environment and local communities. And it has proved effective in building consensus among stakeholder because it mediates multiple stakeholder. Moreover, it brings much needed expertise on social, economic and cultural impacts that projects may make on environment and local communities. Thus, the study demonstrates that social impact assessment can be a strong tool for conflict resolution.

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