환경조건 변화에 따른 HD 증발 지속 특성 및 예측 = The Characteristics and Prediction of HD Vaporization Persistence Depending on Environmental Conditions

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Objectives : HD (mustard gas), a chemical weapon, can be used in chemical warfares or terror attacks. HD gas can cause critical damage to the human body when inhaled, which makes it important to determine the threat of HD from contaminated areas. When HD is sprayed to the land surface, its vaporization persistence characteristics are influenced by the changes of natural environment including the type of the surface, temperature, wind speed and the drop size of HD. Our purpose is to verify the characteristics of HD vaporization persistence and to suggest a vaporization persistence time prediction equation which can predict the vaporization persistence time of HD under any given environmental conditions.
Methods : A small scale wind tunnel with a diameter of 5 cm was used as an experimental equipment to measure the vaporization characteristics of HD. The wind tunnel was designed according to the atmospheric boundary layer theory to exhibit the distribution of wind speed in actual natural environment. The experiment was conducted by controlling the temperature and wind speed after spraying HD to the glass, sand and concrete samples. The HD vaporization persistence time was measured till the Vaporization Stabilized Point (VSP) where the concentration of the HD vaporization into the atmosphere from the liquid HD on the surface is almost settled.
Results and Discussion : The changes of the temperature had the biggest effect on the changes in HD vaporization persistence time and then the wind speed and lastly the drop size of HD. The correlation between changes of environment and HD vaporization duration was verified and the formula of predicting HD vaporization duration was consequently derived.
Conclusion : We compared the results from the HD vaporization time experiment to the results from the vaporization persistence time prediction equation. Because the experimental duration values and predicted values are within the similar range of distribution, the usefulness of the formula suggested by the research is verified.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

목적 : 화학전이나 테러에 화학무기의 일종인 HD (겨자가스)가 사용될 수 있다. HD 증기를 흡입할 경우, 인체에 치명적인 손상이 발생될 수 있으므로 HD가 살포된 오염지역으로부터 위협을 판단하는 것은 중요하다. HD가 지표면에 살포되었을 때 HD의 증발지속특성은 지표면의 종류, 온도, 풍속, HD 살포량 등의 자연환경 변화에 의해 영향을 받는다. HD의 증발지속특성을 확인하고 이를 통해 임의의 환경조건에서 HD의 증발지속시간을 예측할 수있는 증발지속시간 예측식을 제시하고자 한다.
방법 : HD의 증발특성 측정을 위한 실험장치로 직경 5 cm 소형풍동장치(wind tunnel)를 사용하였다. 소형풍동장치는대기경계층 이론에 따라 실제 자연환경에서 바람의 속도분포를 나타낼 수 있도록 설계되어 있다. 유리, 모래 및콘크리트 지표시료에 HD를 살포하고 온도와 풍속을 통제하면서 실험을 진행했다. HD 증발지속시간은 지표면의액체 HD로부터 대기 중으로 증발하는 농도의 변화가 거의 발생하지 않게 되는 증발안정화시점(VSP: Vaporization Stabilized Point)까지를 기준으로 하여 측정하였다.
결과 및 토의 : 온도의 변화가 HD 증발지속시간 변화에 가장 큰 영향을 미쳤고, 다음으로 풍속, HD 살포량 순이었다. 자연환경 변화와 HD 증발지속시간의 변화는 밀접한 상관관계를 갖는 것을 확인하였고 이를 통해 임의의 환경조건에서 HD의 증발지속시간을 예측할 수 있는 HD 증발지속시간 예측식을 유도하였다.
결론 : HD 증발지속시간 실험값과 HD 증발지속시간을 예측하는 식에 의해 산출된 값을 비교하였다. 실험값과 산출된 값이 유사한 범위에 분포하는 것을 확인함으로써 본 연구에서 제시한 HD 증발지속시간 예측식의 유용성을 확인하였다.

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