외국의 컴퓨터 단층촬영 장치의 방어시설 문헌 조사 = Reviews of Radiation Protection and Shielding for Computed Tomography in Foreign Countries

국문 초록 (Abstract)

전 세계적으로 컴퓨터 단층 촬영 장치(Computed Tomography, CT)의 임상 적용이 환자의 질병의 조기 진단에 매우 중요하게 사용되고 있으며 사용 빈도 또한 매년 급증하고 있다. 새로운 종류의 CT 장치들이 병변을 조기 진단하기 위하여 개발되고 있다. 이 방사선 발생 장치에 의한 환자나 작업 종사자들의 방사선 피폭이 불가피 할 수도 있다. 국내에서는 CT 장치에 대한 구체적인 방사선 방어나 방사선 시설에 대한 구체적인 규정이 확립되어 있지 않다. 본 논문에서는 국내에서의 CT 사용시설에 대한 방사선 방어 시설과 사용 기준에 대한 규정 마련에 토대를 이루기 위하여 외국에서의 CT 장비에 대한 방사선 방어 및 방사선 차폐에 대한 규정을 조사하였다. 조사방법으로는 구글 검색을 이용한 특정 키워드 검색과 방사선 관련 업무를 수행하는 특정 웹사이트를 직접 검색하는 방법을 사용하였다. 검색결과 캐나다, 미국, 영국 등의 국가에서 국가의 실정에 맞는 가이드라인을 사용하고 있었으나, 아직 이중 에너지 CT에 대한 가이드라인은 없는 것으로 나타났다. 한국에서도 국내 실정에 적합한 CT 장비에서의 방사선 방어, 차폐, 환자나 작업종사자 및 일반인에 대한 방사선 피폭에 대한 가이드라인의 설정이 필요하다고 생각된다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

A computed tomography (CT) is a powerful system for the effectively fast and accurate diagnosis. The CT system, therefore, has used substantially and developed for improving the performance over the past decade, resulting in growing concerns over the radiation dose from the CT. Advanced CT techniques, such as a multidetector row CT scanner and dual energy or dual source CT, have led to new clinical applications that could result in further increases of radiation does for both patients and workers. The objective of this study was to review the international guidelines of the shielding requirements for a CT facility required for a new installation or when modifying an existing one. We used Google Search Engine to search the following keywords: computed tomography, CT regulation or shield or protection, dual energy or dual source CT, multidetector CT, CT radiation protection, and regulatory or legislation or regulation CT. In addition, we searched some special websites, that were provided for sources of radiation protection, shielding, and regulation, RSNA, AAPM, FDA, NIH, RCR, ICRP, IRPA, ICRP, IAEA, WHO (See in Table 1 for full explanations of the abbreviations). We finally summarized results of the investigated materials for each country. The shielding requirement of the CT room design was very well documented in the countries of Canada, United States of America, and United Kingdom. The wall thickness of the CT room could be obtained by the iso-exposure contour or the point source method. Most of documents provided by international organizations were explained in importance of radiation reduction in patients and workers. However, there were no directly-related documents of shielding and patient exposure dose for the dual energy CT system. Based international guidelines, the guideline of the CT room shielding and radiation reduction in patients and workers should be specified for all kinds of CT systems, included in the dual energy CT. We proposed some possible strategies in this paper.

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