그람시(A. Gramsci)를 통해 본 지식인과 교육 = Intellectuals and Education through A. Gramsci

국문 초록 (Abstract)

이 연구는 교육개혁에 대한 주체로서의 교사를 어떻게 인식하고 있는가를 그람시의 사고를 통해 반성해 보고 어떤 방향의 교육개혁이 필요한가를 그의 헤게모니 개념 틀을 가지고 찾아보고자 하는 시도이다. 그람시는 지식인을 사회현실과 유기적으로 결합된 존재로 보았고 교육과 훈련을 통해 성장시킬 수 있다고 하였는데 학교교육에서 교사가 그 역할을 수행한다고 보았다. 교육개혁은 교사에 의해 수행되어야 하고 보통교육에 중점을 두고 자율적으로 시작되어야 한다고 강조하였다. 교직문화를 활성화시키는 필요성 및 성공적인 교육개혁을 위한 ‘동의’를 통한 그람시의 유기적 지식인으로서의 교사의 모습은 현실 우리 상황에 시사하는 바가 크다고 하겠다.

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This study has showed that the role of teachers who is intellectuals and many educational methods which are important matters such as schooling reforms and educational systems. Gramsci’s ideas must have known that the teachers what to do as a main core of educational reform, his counter hegemony has been a big suggestive.
Gramsci’s intellectuals are in charge of functions in the social relations, and common people are be able to intellectual through education or exercise.
Gramsci has thought the appearance of organic intellectuals achieved in the transformed environment, and he thought them to be given consent of laboring mass when they developed ideological, cultural struggle in the hegemony gradually.
Gramsci thought that there are some common basic education need which make an offer well-educated of general, liberal and personal rights. Also he proposed, through common school, to make relation to preserve balance between spirit and physical work around life. He lookout the differentiation between liberal school and vocational school.
Gramsci argued that educational purpose gave awakening consciousness by understanding bourgeoisie ideological dominant concoction and he invested educational autonomy as emphasized the role of teachers than of economy to education. To Gramsci, the purpose of schooling was realizing to mental process, hence he was convinced the ability of conscious change and ideological leadership.
In order to success of educational reforms, we have to guide educational autonomy by raised the role of teachers which was alienating, and must advance, should escape of pessimistic reproduction bounded in the structure. Whether our educational reform success or not, is rely to employ a policy on a firm basic of teachers.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• 국문요약
• I. 서론
• II. 그람시의 지식인과 교육
• III. 교육조직 및 교육원리
• IV. 성공적인 교육개혁을 지향하며
• 참고 문헌
• ABSTRACT