중국불교의 현세간주의 특색 - 천태의 공ㆍ가ㆍ중의 관점을 중심으로 : 중국불교의 현세간주의 특색 = Chinese Buddhist Hsien-shih chien chu-i (現世間主義)

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

This paper aims at proving the hsien-shih chien chu-i (現世間主義) of Chinese Buddhism through analyses of five Chinese Buddhist thoughts. At first, shi-hsiang lun of T"ien-t"ai (天台實相論) is examined. T"ien-t"ai‘s shi-hsiang lun consists in i-nien san-ch"ien shuo (一念三千說) and i-hsin san-kuan (一心三觀). I-nien san-ch"ien shuo is a teaching that a human being has infinite possibility, and i-hsin san-kuan is a teaching that k"ung (空), chia (假) and chung (中) are all one and the same. I think that this i-hsin san-kuan is an example par excellence of hsien-shih chien chu-i of Chinese Buddhism.
We can see in four other Chinsese Buddhist sects doctrines similar to the i-hsin san-kuan theory of T"ien-t"ai. One of them is the doctrine of erh-ti ho-ming chung-tao (二諦合明中道) of San-lun tsung (三論宗). It consists in the concepts of ti-i fang-yen (第一方言), ti-erh fang-yen (第二方言) and ti-san fang-yen (第三方言) that respectively corresponds to k"ung, chia and chung.
Hui-y？an of Ching-ying ssu (淨影寺 慧遠) also suggested a doctrine similar to T"ien-t"ai"s i-hsin san-kuan in structure: k"ung, yu (有), and fei-yu fei-wu (非有非無).
The doctrine of shi-hs？an y？an-ch"i of Hua-yen (華嚴十玄緣起) presents the theory of i-chi i-qie (一卽一切). Shi-hs？an y？an-ch"i consists in five parts, and two of them, i-to hsiang-jung pu-t"ung men (一多相容不同門) and chu-fa hsiang-chi tzu-tsai men (諸法相卽自在門), are especially related to our topic, for the latter corresponds to k"ung and the former to chia.
Finally, Liu-tsu t"an-ching (六祖壇經) presents the doctrines of wu-chu (無住), wu-nien (無念) and wu-hsiang (無相). Wu-chu corresponds to k"ung, wu-nien to chia, and wu-hsiang to chung.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론
• Ⅱ. 천태의 실상론: 일심삼관
• Ⅲ. 길장의 이제합명중도: 중도를 바라보는 세 가지 관점
• Ⅳ. 정영사 혜원의 공(空)의 이해
• Ⅴ. 법장의 십현연기
• Ⅵ. 『육조단경(六祖壇經)』의 무주ㆍ무념ㆍ무상
• Ⅶ. 결론
• 영문초록