The skin, being the outermost organ of the human body, provides a crucial barrier against various external stimuli. Skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to skin aging. ...
The skin, being the outermost organ of the human body, provides a crucial barrier against various external stimuli. Skin exposure to ultraviolet radiation is known to induce the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), contributing to skin aging. ROS promotes the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), leading to collagen degradation. Numerous studies have focused on inhibiting ROS, revealing natural substances with antioxidant properties. The peel of Solanum melongena (eggplant) is rich in phenolic and flavonoid compounds, demonstrating antioxidant and anti-inflammatory characteristics. Lactobacillus plantarum, a type of probiotic, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
This study aimed to evaluate the anti-aging efficacy of bio-converted eggplant peels (BEPs) in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) treatment was employed to induce oxidative stress in HDFs. BEPs showed no toxicity up to 100 ppm concentration in HDFs. BEPs also demonstrated wound healing efficacy in H2O2-damaged HDFs. BEPs decreased ROS levels and increased mitochondrial membrane potential in H2O2-damaged HDFs. BEPs inhibited phosphorylation levels of ERK, p38, JNK, and NF-κB, and downregulated the expression of p16, p21, and p53 in H2O2-damaged HDFs. BEPs upregulated the mRNA expression of type I collagen and SOD1 in H2O2-damaged HDFs. Furthermore, BEPs significantly suppressed the expression of inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β. Cream-type cosmetics containing BEPs were performed stability testing under various temperature conditions.
Taken together, BEPs possess anti-aging and anti-inflammatory properties more than non-fermented EPs, making them an effective ingredient in anti-aging cosmetics.