Physiological responses and ginsenoside production of Panax ginseng seedlings grown under various ratios of red to blue light-emitting diodes

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Ginseng, a semi-shade perennial plant, is greatly aff ected by light. However, light quality has only been studied in a fewpapers involving growth tests under monochromatic light or based on hairy root cultures. A plant factory with light-emittingdiodes (LEDs) may provide high precision and standardization of ginseng seedlings for transplanting, and plant responsesto light quality should be investigated for designing the optimal lighting conditions for this environment. In this study, variousratios of red light (R):blue light (B) were set from 100:0 to 0:100% at the same photosynthetic photon fl ux density of75 μmol m −2 s −1 . As R increased, the shoot length became longer from R75B25, resulting in the single treatment of R being1.68 times that of B. Compared to monochromatic R or B treatments, the overall growth of ginseng seedlings in R50B50treatment increased. In the mesophyll structure, mixed light as R50B50 or while LEDs increased starch grains, and onlyR treatment led to dense chloroplasts in palisade and spongy parenchyma cells. Increasing R ratios had negative eff ects onCO 2 assimilation rate ( A N ), light-saturated net photosynthesis rate ( A sat ), and chlorophyll parameters. The higher the R ratio,the higher the ginsenoside content in leaves, while roots were less aff ected by spectral changes. Monochromatic R inducedmalformation and senescence of ginseng leaves, while the addition of 25% B was suffi cient to prevent the abnormal developmentof leaves and dysfunctional photosynthetic operation of ginseng seedlings. The results suggest that combinations ofR and B should be considered when designing artifi cial lighting systems for a closed-type plant factory since R aff ects themorphological characteristics and ginsenoside content of ginseng seedlings.

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