양이온-비이온 혼합계면활성제가 영가철을 이용한 trichloroethylene의 환원에 미치는 영향 = Effect of cationic-nonionic mixed surfactant on reductive dechlorination of trichloroethylene by zero-valent iron

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

Trichloroethylene(TCE) is a representative dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) and has contaminated substance environments including soil and groundwater due to leakage and careless. DNPAL, has been treated by surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation (SEAR). After application of SEAR, groundwater contains still surfactant as well as little amount of residual TCE. Permeable reactive barrier using zero-valent iron(ZVI) is a very effective technology to treat the residual TCE in groundwater. In this study, the effect of the residual surfactant on the reductive dechlorination of residual TCE was investigated using ZVI. Mixed surfactant composed of nonioinic surfactant and cationic surfactant was used as a residual surfactant because of toxicity and enhancement of dechlorination rate. Structure of surfactant affected significantly the decrhlorination rate of TCE. Mixed surfactant system with relatively short polyethylene oxide(PEO) chain in nonionic surfactant, cationic surfactant did not affect TCE dechlorination rate. However, mixed surfactant system with relatively long PEO chain in nonionic surfactant shows that TCE dechlorination rate was significantly dependent on fraction of cationic surfactant and HLB of nonionic surfactant. Cationic surfactant with trimethyl ammonium group enhanced reductive dechlorination rate compared to that surfactant with pyridinium group.

국문 초록 (Abstract)

트리클로로에틸렌(trichloroethyele, TCE)는 지하 환경으로 누출되었을 경우 대표적인 고밀도 불용성 유체(dense non aqueous phase liquids, DNAPLs)를 형성하여 토양과 지하수를 오염시키며, 계면활성제를 이용한 SEAR(Surfactant-enhanced aquifer remediation) 공법으로 처리를 하여도 소량이 계면활성제와 함께 지하수에 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 SEAR공법으로 처리 후 잔존하는 TCE가 계면활성제와 함께 존재할 때, 영가철(zero valent iron, ZVI)로 이루어진 투수성 반응벽체(PRB)에서의 TCE 거동을 조사하였다. 특히 계면활성제의 독성과 반응속도의 영향을 고려하여 양이온과 비이온 혼합 계면활성제의 영향을 중점적으로 다루었다. 혼합 계면활성제를 사용할 경우 ZVI를 이용한 TCE의 분해는 계면활성제의 구조에 따라 상당히 다른 경향을 보였다. TCE의 제거율을 살펴보면 비이온 계면활성제의 친수성기인 polyoxyethylene(POE) 사슬이 짧을 경우 양이온 계면활성제와 상관없이 거의 일정하였고, 상대적으로 긴 POE사슬일 경우 양이온 계면활성제의 종류와 첨가량에 따라 차이가 발생하였다. 친수성기가 트리메틸암모늄(trimethylammonium)기인 양이온 계면활성제가 피리디늄(pyridinium)기를 가지는 양이온 계면활성제보다 더 높은 TCE 제거율을 보였다. 이러한 연구결과는 SEAR 후처리를 위해 PRB 적용시 잔존하는 계면활성제의 영향을 살펴보았으며 실제 현장적용의 중요한 자료로 이용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

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