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졸-겔법으로 제조한 ZrO_2·SiO_2계 결정화 유리의 결정화 및 파괴인성에 관한 연구
신대용,한상목,강위수 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究 Vol.20 No.A
Precursor gels with the composition of xZrO_2·(100-x)SiO_2 systems (x=10,20 and 30mol%) were prepared by the sol-gel method. Kinetic parameter, such as activation energy, Avrami's exponent, n, and dimensionality crystal growth value, m, have been simultaneously calculated from the DTA data using Kissinger and Matusita equations. The crystallite size dependence on tetragonal to monoclinic transformation of ZrO_2 was investigated using XRD, in relation to the fracture toughness. The crystallization of tetragonal ZrO_2 occurred through 3-dimensional diffusion controlled growth(n=m=2) and the activation energy for crystallization was calculated using Kissinger and Matusita equations, as about 310∼325±10kJ/mol. The growth of t-ZrO_2, in proportion to the cube of radius, increased with increasing heating temperature and heat-treatment time. It was suggested that the diffusion of Zr4+ions by Ostwald ripening was rate-limiting process for the growth of t-ZrO_2 crystallite size. The fracture toughness of xZrO_2·(100-x)SiO_2 systems glass ceramics increased with increasing crystallite size of t-ZrO_2. The fracture toughness of 30ZrO_2·70SiO_2 system glass ceramics heated at 1,100℃ for 5h was 4.84 MPam^1/2 at a critical crystaliite size of 40 nm.
박지은,정연재,박준범,김혜영,유영현,이광식,양원태,김도훈,김종민 한국발생생물학회 2019 발생과 생식 Vol.23 No.3
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR). T2DM is correlated with obesity and most T2DM medications have been developed for enhancing insulin sensitivity. Silk protein fibroin (SPF) from spiders has been suggested as an attractive biomaterial for medical purposes. We generated transgenic rice (TR) expressing SPF and fed it to diabetic BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb mice to monitor the changes in blood glucose levels and adipose tissue proteins associated with energy metabolism and insulin signaling. In the present study, the adipocyte size in abdominal fat in TR-SPF-fed mice was remarkably smaller than that of the control. Whereas the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-activated protein kinase and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) protein levels were increased in abdominal adipose tissues after TR-SPF feeding, levels of six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) proteins decreased. Phosphorylation of AMPK at threonine 172 and IRS1 at serine 307 and tyrosine 632 were both increased in adipose tissues from TR-SPFfed mice. Increased expression and phosphorylation of IRS1 at both serine 307 and tyrosine 632 in adipose tissues indicated that adipocytes obtained from abdominal fat in TR-SPF-fed mice were more susceptible to insulin signaling than that of the control. STAMP2 protein levels decreased in adipose tissues from TR-SPF-fed mice, indicating that STAMP2 proteins were reducing adipocytes that were undergoing lipolysis. Taken together, this study showed that TR-SPF was effective in reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic mice and that concurrent lipolysis in abdominal adipocytes was associated with alterations of AMPK, IRS1, and STAMP2. Increased IRS1 expression and its phosphorylation by TR-SFP were considered to be particularly important in the induction of lipolysis in adipocytes, as well as in reducing blood glucose levels in this animal model.
Wie Sung Hwan Military Operations Research Society of Korea 1984 한국국방경영분석학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Consider an m machine flow shop with blocking. The processing time of job j,j=1,..., n on each one of the m machines is equal to the same random variable $X_j$ and is distributed according to $F_i$. We assume that the processing times are stochastically ordered, i.e., $F_{1_{-st}}{<}F_{2_{st}}{<}cdots_{-st}{<}F_n$. We show that the sequence 1,3,5,...,n-1,n,n-2,...,6,4,2 when n is even and sequence 1,3,5,...,n-2,n,n-1 ... 6,4,2 when n is odd minimizes the expected makespan and that the sequence 1,...,n minimizes the expected flow time.
Wie Zhou,Xiaoxia Zhong,Luqi Yaun,Qiwei Shu,Xiaochen Wu,Yuxing Xia 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.5I
Titanium-oxide (TiO2) thin films were deposited on unheated (111)-Si substrates by reactive dc magnetron sputtering with a substrate bias voltage of .100 V. A pure metallic titanium target was sputtered in a mixture of argon and oxygen. The structure and the optical properties of the deposited films were studied by changing the value of the total sputtering pressure. X-ray diffraction patterns show the following features: (a) only one wide rutile (110) diffraction peak was observed at a total sputtering pressure of 0.3 Pa; (b) no diffraction peak was observed at 1.2 Pa, implying an amorphous phase; (c) a TiO2 film with a pure anatase phase was obtained at 3.6 Pa, and the dominant diffraction was from the anatase (101) planes. The surface morphology was characterized with atomic force microscopy, and the roughness of the surface was found to increase with the crystal size derived from the XRD data. The optical constants were determined by using spectroscopic ellipsometry. The film deposited at 0.3 Pa, a rutile phase, possessed both a high refractive index and a low extinction coefficient. The value of the optical bandgap for the deposited on films in this experiment was much higher than the reported experimental and theoretical values.D
Eugenol Inhibits Excitotoxins-Induced Delayed Neurotoxicity, Oxidative Injury and Convulsion
Wie, Myung-Bok,Cheon, Byung-Hwa,Lee, Seon-Young,Son, Kun-Ho,Song, Dong-Keun,Shin, Tae-Kyun,Kim, Hyoung-Chun Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2006 Toxicological Research Vol.22 No.3
In previous our studies, we have reported that eugenol derived from Eugenia caryophyllata(Myrtaceace) exhibits acute N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)- and oxygen/glucose deprivation-induced neurotoxicity in primary cortical cultures and protects hippocampal neurons from global ischemia. In this study, we investigated whether the extracts and fractions of E. caryophyllata or eugenol shows the neuroprotective effects against delayed neuronal injury evoked by NMDA or ${\alpha}$-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole propionate(AMPA), and oxidative damage induced by arachidonic acid-, hydrogen peroxide-, $FeCl_2$/ascorbic acid-, and buthionine sulfoximine(BSO) in primary cortical cultures. We examined the neurotoxicity of eugenol itself in cultures and inhibitory effect of eugenol on NMDA- or kainate(KA)-induced convulsion in BALB/c mice. Each water, methanol extract and methanol fraction of E. caryophyllata was significantly attenuated NMDA-induced delayed neurotoxicity, respectively. Eugenol exhibited a significant inhibitory action against the convulsion evoked by NMDA and KA, and reduced delayed or brief neurotoxicity induced by NMDA, AMPA, and various oxidative injuries. These results suggest that eugenol derived from E. caryophyllata may contribute the neuroprotection against delayed-type excitotoxicity and excitotoxins-mediated convulsion through the amelioration of oxidative stress.
Wie, G-A,Cho, Y-A,Kang, H-h,Ryu, K A,Yoo, M-K,Kim, J,Shin, S,Chun, O K,Joung, H Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nat 2017 European journal of clinical nutrition Vol.71 No.10
<P>CONCLUSIONS: The traditional dietary pattern with high consumption of rice, kimchi, soybean paste and vegetables may decrease the cancer risk among Koreans, and strategies based on the dietary pattern may effectively reduce the cancer risk.</P>
Effective Vaccination and Education Strategies for Emerging Infectious Diseases Such as COVID-19
Wie Seong-Heon,Jung Jaehun,Kim Woo Joo 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.44
Social isolation and control owing to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are easing; however, concerns regarding new infectious diseases have not disappeared. Given epidemic experiences such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the influenza pandemic, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19, it is necessary to prepare for the outbreak of new infectious diseases and situations in which large-scale vaccinations are required. Although the development of vaccines against COVID-19 has contributed greatly to overcoming the pandemic, concerning vaccine side effects from the general public, including medical personnel, and decreased confidence in vaccine efficacy and side effects, present many challenges in promoting and educating vaccinations for new infectious diseases in the future. In addition to plans to develop vaccines for the outbreak of new infectious diseases, education and promotion plans are necessary to administer the latest developments of vaccines to the general public. Moreover, efforts are needed to secure the necessity, legitimacy, and evidence for rapid vaccination on a large scale at the national level. It is also necessary to carefully prepare scientific bases and explanatory statements so that the general public can easily understand them. This study aimed to establish vaccine strategies and vaccination education plans for new infectious diseases that may occur in the future. Many ways to promote vaccination to the general public and healthcare workers should be prepared to ensure that the latest vaccines against new infectious diseases are administered safely. Thus, education and promotion of vaccine efficacy and safety based on specific data from clinical studies are necessary.