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Kim, Boong-Nyun,Kim, Jae-Won,Kang, Hyejin,Cho, Soo-Churl,Shin, Min-Sup,Yoo, Hee-Jeong,Hong, Soon-Beom,Lee, Dong Soo Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience] 2010 JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.35 No.5
<P>Background: Neurobiologic studies have suggested that dysregulation of central noradrenergic systems may be involved in the pathophysiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and it has been hypothesized that genetic changes in the norepinephrine pathways might contribute to dysfunction of the prefrontal cortex circuits in ADHD. We previously reported decreased cerebral blood flow in the right lateral prefrontal cortex and both orbitofrontal cortices in children with ADHD. Genetic investigations have shown that the alpha-2A-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRA2A) is associated with ADHD. Our aim was to examine whether the presence of a risk allele of the ADRA2A MspI polymorphism is associated with differences in regional cerebral blood flow in boys with ADHD. Methods: We recruited 21 Korean boys with ADHD (mean age 9.9, standard deviation [SD] 2.7 yr) and 11 age- and sex-matched controls (mean age 10.6 [SD 2.1] yr). Each participant underwent technetium-99m-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime ((99m)Tc-HMPAO) single-photon emission computed tomography. We performed image analyses with voxe-wise t statistics using SPM2. Results: We found regional hypoperfusion in the prefrontal regions, including the right orbitofrontal and right medial gyri, and the bilateral putamen and cerebellum in boys with ADHD relative to controls (p < 0.0005, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Boys with ADHD who carried the C allele (n = 13) at the ADRA2A MspI polymorphism had reduced perfusion in the bilateral orbitofrontal regions compared with those without the C allele (n = 8) (p < 0.0005, uncorrected for multiple comparisons). Limitations: This study was limited by the small sample size, and we did not obtain genetic data from the controls. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that regional differences in cerebral perfusion in the orbitofrontal cortex represent an intermediate neuroimaging phenotype associated with the ADRA2A MspI polymorphism; these data support the validity of the noradrenergic hypothesis regarding the pathophysiology of ADHD.</P>
Kim, Johanna Inyang,Yun, Je-Yeon,Park, Heyeon,Park, Suk-Young,Ahn, Youngsheen,Lee, Hansol,Kim, Tae-Kwon,Yoon, Sooran,Lee, Young-Joon,Oh, Sohee,Denninger, John W,Kim, Bung-Nyun,Kim, Jeong-Hyun JMIR Publications 2018 Journal of medical Internet research Vol.20 No.10
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Videoconferencing-based treatments have shown great potential in increasing engagement and compliance by decreasing the barriers of time and distance. In general, employees tend to experience a lot of stress, but find it difficult to visit a clinic during office hours.</P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mobile videoconference-based intervention for stress reduction and resilience enhancement in employees.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In total, 81 participants were randomly allocated to one of the three conditions: mobile videoconferencing, in-person, and self-care; of these, 72 completed the study. All participants underwent assessment via self-reported questionnaires before, immediately after, and 1 month after the intervention. Intervention lasted for 4 weeks and consisted of elements of cognitive behavioral therapy, positive psychology, and meditation. Changes in clinical variables regarding stress and resilience across time were compared between treatment conditions.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>There were significant condition × time effects on variables measuring perceived stress, resilience, emotional labor, and sleep, demonstrating significantly differential effects across time according to treatment condition. Moreover, there were significant effects of condition on perceived stress and occupational stress. There were no significant differences in any variable between the mobile videoconferencing and in-person conditions at 1 month after the intervention.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Results indicate that both mobile videoconferencing and in-person interventions were comparably effective in decreasing stress and enhancing resilience. Further studies with a larger sample size and a longer follow-up period are warranted to investigate the long-term effect of mobile videoconferencing interventions.</P><P><B>Trial Registration</B></P><P>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT03256682; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03256682 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/71W77bwnR)</P>
Kim, Taeil,Yoon, Joonsun,Cho, Hwansung,Lee, Wook-bin,Kim, Joon,Song, Young-Hwa,Kim, Se Nyun,Yoon, Jeong Ho,Kim-Ha, Jeongsil,Kim, Young-Joon Nature America Inc 2005 Nature immunology Vol.6 No.2
IκB kinase (IKK) and Jun N-terminal kinase (Jnk) signaling modules are important in the synthesis of immune effector molecules during innate immune responses against lipopolysaccharide and peptidoglycan. However, the regulatory mechanisms required for specificity and termination of these immune responses are unclear. We show here that crosstalk occurred between the drosophila Jnk and IKK pathways, which led to downregulation of each other's activity. The inhibitory action of Jnk was mediated by binding of drosophila activator protein 1 (AP1) to promoters activated by the transcription factor NF-κB. This binding led to recruitment of the histone deacetylase dHDAC1 to the promoter of the gene encoding the antibacterial protein Attacin-A and to local modification of histone acetylation content. Thus, AP1 acts as a repressor by recruiting the deacetylase complex to terminate activation of a group of NF-κB target genes.
Kim, Hyung Cheol,Jeon, Hyeongseok,Jeong, Yeong Ha,Park, Sangman,An, Seong Bae,Heo, Jeong Hyun,Shin, Dong Ah,Yi, Seong,Kim, Keung Nyun,Ha, Yoon,Cho, Sung-Rae The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2021 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.64 No.5
Objective : Cervical surgery in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) and cerebral palsy (CP) is challenging owing to the complexities of the deformity. We assessed factors affecting postoperative complications and outcomes after CSM surgery in patients with CP. Methods : Thirty-five consecutive patients with CP and CSM who underwent cervical operations between January 2006 and January 2014 were matched to 35 non-cerebral palsy (NCP) control patients. Postoperative complications and radiologic outcomes were compared between the groups. In the CP group, the Japanese Orthopaedic Association score; Oswestry neck disability index; modified Barthel index; and values for the grip and pinch, Box and Block, and Jebsen-Taylor hand function tests were obtained pre- and postoperatively and compared between those with and without postoperative complications. Results : Sixteen patients (16/35%) in the CP group and seven (7/35%) in the NCP group (p=0.021) had postoperative complications. Adjacent segment degeneration (p=0.021), postoperative motor weakness (p=0.037), and revisions (p=0.003) were significantly more frequent in the CP group than in the NCP group; however, instrument-related complications were not significantly higher in the CP group (7/35 vs. 5/35, p=0.280). The number of preoperative fixed cervical deformities were significantly higher in CP with postoperative complications (5/16 vs. 1/19, p=0.037). In the CP group, clinical outcomes were almost similar between those with and without postoperative complications. Conclusion : The occurrence of complications during the follow-up period was high in patients with CP. However, postoperative complications did not significantly affect clinical outcomes.
Kim, Tae Nyun,Park, Man Sik,Yang, Sae Jeong,Yoo, Hye Jin,Kang, Hyun Joo,Song, Wook,Seo, Ji A.,Kim, Sin Gon,Kim, Nan Hee,Baik, Sei Hyun,Choi, Dong Seop,Choi, Kyung Mook American Diabetes Association 2010 Diabetes care Vol.33 No.7
<P><B>OBJECTIVE</B></P><P>We examined prevalence of sarcopenia in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes and compared body compositional parameters between subjects with and without type 2 diabetes.</P><P><B>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS</B></P><P>The Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study (KSOS) included 810 subjects (414 patients with diabetes and 396 control subjects) who were examined using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Prevalence of sarcopenia was defined using the skeletal muscle index (SMI).</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>Prevalence in patients with diabetes and in the control group was 15.7 and 6.9%, respectively. In both men and women, SMI values were significantly decreased in patients with diabetes compared with subjects without diabetes. Furthermore, multiple logistic regression analysis showed that type 2 diabetes was independently associated with sarcopenia.</P><P><B>CONCLUSIONS</B></P><P>Type 2 diabetes was associated with increased risk of sarcopenia. These characteristics may contribute to physical disability and metabolic disorders in older adults with diabetes.</P>
Descriptions of Five Species of Scyllarine Lobsters (Crustacea, Decapoda, Scyllaridae) in Korea
Kim, Jung Nyun,Choi, Jung Hwa,Lee, Jeong-Hoon,Kim, Joo Il The Korean Society of Systematic Zoology 2013 Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity Vol.29 No.2
Five scyllarine lobster species, belonging to the family Scyllaridae, are described from Korean waters: Chelarctus cultrifer (Ortmann, 1897), Crenarctus bicuspidatus (De Man, 1905), Galearctus kitanoviriosus (Harada, 1962), G. timidus (Holthuis, 1960), and Petrarctus brevicornis (Holthuis, 1946). Of these, three species, C. bicuspidatus, G. timidus, and P. brevicornis are new to Korean marine carcinological fauna. This report extends the known range of G. timidus to the southern coast of Korea from Taiwan in the East China Sea. Excluding C. bicuspidatus and G. kitanoviriosus, the other three species are relatively rare in Korean waters. They are described herein with color photographs, and a key to the Korean genera and species of Scyllarinae is also presented.
Kim, Tae Nyun,Park, Man Sik,Lim, Kang Il,Yang, Sae Jeong,Yoo, Hye Jin,Kang, Hyun Joo,Song, Wook,Seo, Ji A.,Kim, Sin Gon,Kim, Nan Hee,Baik, Sei Hyun,Choi, Dong Seop,Choi, Kyung Mook Elsevier 2011 Diabetes research and clinical practice Vol.93 No.2
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Aims</B></P> <P>Sarcopenia measured as appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), and central obesity measured as visceral fat area (VFA) may act synergistically to influence metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis. However, several previous studies reported that metabolic risk is higher in non-sarcopenic obesity groups than in sarcopenic obesity groups because of the close relationship between muscle mass and body fat. We investigated the association of the ASM to VFA ratio, which we have termed the muscle-to-fat ratio (MFR), with metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>This study was performed in 526 apparently healthy adults enrolled in the Korean Sarcopenic Obesity Study, an ongoing prospective observational cohort study. ASM was evaluated with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and VFA with computed tomography. Arterial stiffness was measured using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV).</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>MFR was significantly associated with waist circumference, blood pressure, lipid profiles, glucose and baPWV. By multiple logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for metabolic syndrome was 5.43 (lowest versus highest tertile of MFR, 95% confidence interval, 2.56–13.34). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that MFR was an independent determinant of baPWV (<I>R</I> <SUP>2</SUP> =0.57).</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>MFR, a new index of sarcopenic obesity, showed an independent negative association with metabolic syndrome and arterial stiffness.</P>