On the U. S. National Standards for Foreign Language Learning

Lee, Jong Bok 한국현대언어학회 2001 언어연구 Vol.17 No.1

Jongbok Lee. 201. On the U. S. National Standards for Foreign Language Learning, 언어연구 17-1, 327-352. 이 논문은 1996년 발표된 미국 외국어교육 표준안의 내용과 그 의미를 탐구한 것이다. 이 표준안은 5C (의사소통 Communication, 문화 Culture, 연계성 Connection, 비교 Comparison, 지역사회 Community)를 미국의 외국어교육이 달성해야 할 표준으로 설정하고 있다. 이 다섯 가지는 미국 외국어 교육과정의 구성요소로서 서로 긴밀히 얽혀 있으며 외국어교육자들로 하여금 이 표준안을 어떻게 그들의 교과과정과 교육현장에서 사용할 것인가를 제시해주는 모델 학습시나리오를 포함하고 있다. 이 표준안의 본질은 적절한 외국어 능력을 숙달시키기 위해 유의한 상황 속에서 언어를 사용하는데 강조점을 두고 있다. 이 표준안의 교수전략은 내용중심, 수준별, 과업 중심의 소통능력 숙달에 중점을 두고 있다. 이는 외국어 학습에 있어서 내용과 언어 학습을 통합시킴으로서 외국어를 유의한 상황 속에서 사용할 수 있는 능력을 갖춘 미국시민을 육성한다는 데 그 의의가 있다 이 논문에서 필자는 이 표준안이 담고 있는 철학과 구성원리를 살펴봄은 물론 이 표준안의 내용과 의미, 그리고 이 표준안을 성공적으로 수행해 나갈 수 있도록 각 지방교육계의 구체적인 노력들을 함께 살펴보았다. (Korea Nazarene University)

지역형 소규모 영어체험센터 프로그램 개발 사례

이종복(Lee Jong-Bok) 한국영어어문교육학회 2008 영어어문교육 Vol.14 No.3

  Lee"s government is planning to establish English friendly educational environment such as English library and experimental facilities. There are already lots of English experimental facilities in Korea. Most of them are under name of English village. Some of the programs are huge in size and investment. But the effectiveness and satisfaction of the participants of the program are doubted. The reason is that most of the programs have similar in curricula and activities. As a result, students who participated in the programs don"t show much interest to participate in the program again. Also, there are some critical opinions about the effectiveness of the programs. However, even though the current case is a small size program with small amount of investment the perception from the participants is very positive. In this paper the goals, objectives and program outline will be introduced to discuss about the success of the program.

만경강 및 동진강 수계의 BOD에 의한 수질 평가

이종식,정구복,김진호,윤순강,김원일,신중두 한국환경농학회 2004 한국환경농학회지 Vol.23 No.2

새만금 유역의 수질관리를 위한 기초자료 확보를 목적으로 만경강 및 동진강 유역의 개황과 각 하천 본류의 수질에 미치는 지천들의 영향을 평가하기 위하여 2001년 6월부터 2002년 9월까지 동절기를 제외한 영농 기간동안 매월 1회 주요 지천들의 본류 유입 전·후의 BOD 변화를 조사한 하였다. 만경강 수계는 미처리된 축산폐수로 오염된 익산천 유입 후 BOD가 증가하였으며, 전 조사 기간동안 평균 5.4 mg/L이었다. 만경강 수질에 큰 영향을 주는 익산천은 왕궁천과 합류되기까지 평균 BOD는 5.4 mg/L로 만경강 본류의 평균 농도와 같은 수질을 보였으나 인근 축산단지로 부터의 축산폐수 유입으로 익산천 하류의 BOD는 평균 13.6 mg/L로 수질이 악화되었다. 동진강 수계는 조사기간 동안 평균 BOD가 2.8 mg/L로 만경강 보다 양호한 수질을 보였으며, 생활하수 및 공장폐수로 오염된 정읍천 유입으로 동진강 하류의 수질은 평균치 보다 다소 높은 3.5 mg/L을 나타냈다. 또한 만경강 및 동진강 수계의 연차별 수질은 2001년도에 비해 2002년도에 BOD가 다소 낮은 경향을 보였다. Biological oxygen demand (BOD) as a stream water quality indicator was monitored monthly in the Mankyeong and Dongjin river basins from June 2001 to October 2002 to evaluate water qualified as well as to get the information on the water quality management strategy in Semangeum reclamation areas. BOD in the Mankyeong river was 5.4 mg/L in average during the survey and increased after the inflow of Iksan tributary, which was contaminated with livestock wastewater. BOD of Iksan tributary was maintained at 5.4 mg/L before joining the Wanggung tributary, however, that in the downstream was increased to 13.6 mg/L in average due to the inlet of the livestock wastewater. Meanwhile, BOD of Dongjin river was the average of 2.8 mg/L during the survey periods but it showed 3.5 mg/L when Jungeup tributary which was contaminated with sewage and industrial wastewater joined into the main stream. BOD in both Mankyeong and Dongjin rivers decreased in 2002 as compared to that in 2001.

중국 포양호 주변의 농경지 현황 및 수질 오염 부하량

이종식,정구복,윤순강,정광용,于傳驥,劉文祥 한국국제농업개발학회 2002 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.14 No.4

중국 최대의 담수호로 장강을 통해 서해로 유입되는 포양호의 특성, 주변의 농경지 토양환경, 시기별 포양호 수질변화 및 유입되는 각 수계별 수질오염 부하량 등을 검토하였다. 1. 포양호는 주변 지역의 벼 재배와 홍수 조절에 중요한 역할을 하며 최근 간척과 침척토의 침적 등에 의하여 면적이 매년 축소되고 있다. 2. 아열대 기후에 속하여 연평균 강우량이 1,570㎜ 수준으로 비교적 많으나 연 중 분포가 평준하지 않고 월별 차이가 커서 시기별로 호수의 수표면적 및 저수량의 변화가 대단히 크다. 3. 주변 지역의 농경지는 큰 오염원이 없어 비교적 오염되지 않은 토양이며, 오염도가 심한 농경지는 호수 유역의 전체 농경지 면적중 0.22%로 광산 인근 토양이 구리와 황으로 오염되어 있다. 4. 포양호에 직접 유입되는 COD부하량은 시기별로 홍수기가 371.9톤/일로 갈 수기 273.9톤/일에 비해 많았다. 요인별로는 산업체에서 기인되는 양이 가장 많았으며, 유입되는 수계별로는 감강으로부터 유입되는 오염 부하량이 가장 많았다. Water in Poyang lake, which is one of the biggest lake in China, flows into Yellow Sea through the Changjiang River. In this paper, water quality characteristics and loading amount of contaminants of Poyang Lake area were investigated. Poyang lake has a important role to rice cultivation and flood control in the basin of the lake. However, the area of the lake has been reduced gradually by land reclamation and sedimentation. This area belongs to the subtropical zone and the average rainfall is near 1,570㎜, which is relatively higher than other region in China. The surface area and the volume of storage water of the lake is very changeable following to the big different monthly rainfall. Agricultural field near the lake is not contaminated comparatively because there is little source of contamination near the Poyang lake. About 0.22% of the total agricultural field near the lake were heavily contaminated by copper and sulfur originated from metal mines. Inflow loading amount of COD(chemical oxygen demand). Compared to other sources of contamination such as municipality, livestock, and nature, industrial source of COD to Poyang lake were the greatest. Ganjiang stream was the highest for the loading amount of COD to Poyang lake among 5 streams.

食品害蟲의 生理·生態學的 調査와 防除

李敬魯,高鎭福,李鍾鎭 建國大學校附設 應用科學硏究所 1979 理學論集 Vol.5 No.-

A total of 30 species of instant foods and confections were purchased from the confectioners, groceries, super-markets and department stores, which were located in 9 representative areas of the 6 districts, and examined both macroscopically and microscopically whether they were containing insects or not. Results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. The pest insects found in the materials were Plodia interpunctella, Ephestica cautella, Sitophilus oryzae and Tenebriodes nauritanicus and the main mite was Ehizolyphus echinopus. A dominant species of them was Plodia interpunctella. 2. Free amino acids, protein nitrogen and lipid were identified and analyzed at each stage of the dominant species. Especially, changes in free amino acids, protein nitrogen concentration and lipids through the course of the physiological cycle form a U-shaped curve when graphed against the his tolysis of larval organs and the histogenesis of adult organs. In view of controlling pest, the U-shaped pattern of physiological activity indicates that control will be the most effective at the time of the most physiological weakness manifested at the 2 day pupal stage. 3. The period when the adult insect was active was during 13 hours from 5 p.m. to 5 a.m. and it was considered that their activity was closely related with the luminous intensity of the environment. The number of active insects increased rapidly when it passed 5 p.m., it decreased gradually after the number reached the maximum between 8 and 10 p.m., and it decreased rapidly when it passed 11 p.m. The period when the insect was most active was during 3 hours from 8 p.m. to 10 p.m. 4. The migration, the mating and the ovipositing behavior or them occured during the period when the adult insect was active. Also, the peak of appearance of the adult of the former fell on the season from the middle of July to the end of July, and that of the latter was from the end of August to the end of September in general. 5. The packing material used in the experiment was polyethylene which divided the artificial packing material and the mechanical packing material. These two materials have different characteristics, the artificial packng material has a stronger defensive ability against the boring of the insects than the mechanical packing material.

철강 제조업체 근로자에서 효소면역측정법을 통한 B형 간염 바이러스 표지자 조사

이종영,강승원,하명화,김중구,배삼덕,김두희,남복동 大韓産業醫學會 1996 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.8 No.2

포항 지역 한 철강 제조업에서 1995년 1월부터 10월 사이에 실시한 정기 건강진단을 받은 남자 근로자 11,523명을 대상으로 HBsAg 및 Anti-HBs, HBeAg 및 Auti-HBe은 EIA법으로, SGOT 및 SGPT는 반응속도법(IU)으로 검사하였다. 그리고 이들 대상자에서 교육정보, 근무 형태, 음주 및 흡연습관과 간기능 이상 여부를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. B형 간염 표지자의 분포를 보면 HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-)는 8.1%, HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+)는 60.5% 그리고 HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs는 0.1%이었으며, HBsAg의 양성율은 8.2%, Anti-HBs 양성율은 60.6%이었다. 2. 연령에 따라 HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-)와 HBsAg(-)-HBs(+)가 유의하게 증가한 반면(p<0.05), 교육정도와 근무형태에 있어서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 음주율은 HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-)에서 HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(-)와 HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+)의 84.6% 및 85.7%에 비해 낮지만 73.9%나 되었고, 흡연율은 HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+), HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-) 및 HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(-)에서 54.3%, 53.7% 및 53.0%의 순서로 나타났다. HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-)에서 간기능 이상자가 40.1%이었으나 HBsAg(-)Anti-HBs(-)와 HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+)에서도 각각 21.9% 및 18.4%를 차지하였다. 4. HBsAg(+)에서의 e항원에 대한 표지자의 분포를 보면 HBeAg(+)/Anti-HBe(-)는 31.3%, HBeAg(-)/AntiHBe(+)는 55.0% 그리고 HBeAg(+)/Anti-HBe(+)는 1.6%이었고 HBeAg(+)/Anti-HBe(-)는 연령에 따라 감소하고 HBeAg(-)/AntiHBs(-)와 HBeAG(-)/AntiHBe(+)는 증가하였다. HBsAg 양성자중 HBeAg의 총 양성율은 32.9%로 연령이 증가할수록 유의하게 감소하였다. 본 연구는 근로자의 B형 간염 표지자 조사에 있어 Anti-HBs의 검사에서는 EIA 방법으로 실시해야 하는 근거를 제시하는 것이며, 철강산업 근로자에서는 B형간염 이외의 간장질환에도 관심을 가져야 할 것으로 보이며 음주 문제에 대한 대책마련이 시급히 이루어 져야 할 것으로 생각된다. A study for seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus markers (HBsAg, Anti-HBs, HBeAg and Anti-HBe) by EIA method and the Liver Function Test(SGOT and SGPT) using kinetic method was carried out from January to October 1995 among male workers of a major iron and steel manufacturing company located in Pohang. The results were as follows; 1. The distribution of hepatitis B virus markers showed that the proportions of HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-), HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+) and HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(+) were 8.1%, 60.5% and 0.1%, respectively. The positive rate of HBsAg in all subjects was 8.2%, whereas that of anti-HBs was 60.6%. 2. The proportions of HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-) and HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+) increased significantly with age. While the distribution of hepatitis B virus markers exhibited no significant differences among the groups classified by educational background or work type. 3. The proportion of drinkers in HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-)(73.9%) was significantly lower than those of HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(-) and HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+) (84.6% and 85.7%, respectively). The proportions of smoking for the three groups of HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+), HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-) and HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(-) were 54.3%, 53.7% and 53.0%, respectively(p<0.01). The proportion of the subjects with abnormal liver function test in HBsAg(+)/Anti-HBs(-) was 40.1%, whereas those in HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(-) and HBsAg(-)/Anti-HBs(+) were 21.9% and 18.4%, respectively. 4. The distribution of e Ag markers among HBsAg(+) subjects showed that the proportions of HBeAg(+)/Anti-HBe(-), HBeAg(-)/Anti-HBe(+) and HBeAg(+)/Anti-HBe(+) were 31.3%, 55.0% and 1.6%, respectively. The proportion of HBeAg(+)/Anti-HBe(-) decreased significantly with age and those of HBeAg(-)/Anti-HBe(-) and HBeAg(-)/Anti-HBe(+) increased with age. The positive rate of HBeAg among HBsAg(+) subjects was 32.9%. In conclusion, as a screening method, EIA is recommended to test hepatitis B virus markers, especially when examining Anti-HBs more sensitively. For the workers of the iron and steel manufacturing company studied, liver diseases caused by other than hepatitis B should be given a special care including an education avoiding alcohol drinking.

대게 Chionoecetes opilio (O. Fabricius)의 난발생 및 부화 유생의 형태

이복규,임영수,이종관,허성범 동의대학교 기초과학연구소 1999 基礎科學硏究論文集 Vol.9 No.1

This paper documented mophological changes of embryonic development and first zoea larvae of snow crab, Chionoecetes opilio. Female crabs were sampled by the Danish seine fishery at the depth about 200m in Sep. 1997 in the eastern coast of Korea. Female with newly berried eggs was reared at the water temperature of 5℃ till the time of hatching. The results obtained are as follows. Embryonic development : According to morphogenesis of fertilized eggs, the developmental process of the embryo was classified into the following seven stages : First stage (cleavage and blastula stage, 24 days) Second stage (gastrula stage, 72 days) Third stage (nauplius stage, 22 days) Fourth stage (metanauplius stage, 57 days) Fifth stage (stage of a pigmentary deposit in the compound eye, 30 days) Sixth stage (chromatophore appearance stage in maxillipede, 56 days) Seventh stage (hatching stage, 36 days) Larvae hatched as prezoeas and they molted to first zoea in about an hour. The first zoea is 4.6 to 5.1 ㎜ in length, 3.2∼3.6 ㎜ in width. The abdomen consists of five segments and a bifurcate telson.

만성활동성간염과 간경변에서의 고-Alpha Fetoprotein 혈증의 의의(Ⅰ)

이현영,이종선,정현용,이복희 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1990 충남의대잡지 Vol.17 No.2

Ten patients with chronic liver disease, whose serum levels of AFP were markedly increased, were detected from Jan. 1985 to Sep. 1990. The clinical and laboratory findings were examined and the results were as follows. 1. The objective patients were 4 males and 6 females, and their mean age was 40.2 years old. Five cases were chronic active hepatitis-B, and the other 5 cases were liver cirrhosis. 2. At the time of first examination, the mean level of serum AFP was 499ng/ml and this initial level of AFP declined to 10.4ng/ml after 5.1 monthes. 3. Initially the mean levels of serum AST, ALT and ALP were 271.7, 299.1 and 177.1 IU/L, and after 5.1 monthes these levels were changed to 61.0, 53.6 and 72.1 IU/L.

사마귀의 變態에 따른 體液變化

李敬魯,李鐘鎭,高鎭福 建國大學校附設 應用科學硏究所 1976 理學論集 Vol.2 No.-

The concentration of free amino acid, total protein, lipid and mineral salts during the metamorphosis of the mantis, Paratenodera sinensis De Saussure were measured using paper chromatographic method, micro-Kjeldahl method, thin layer chromatographic method and ash method, respectively. Healthy specimens were chosen as samples of each developmental stages;the egg stage and the larval stage. Amino acids present in the alcoholic extracts were alanine, asparagine, glycine, histidine, leucine, proline, threonine, tryptophan and valine. The total protein concentration reached to 610.68±36.44mg/g during the egg stage and the larval stage of the value was decreased to 182.37±18.00 mg/g. Total lipid, phospholipid, diacylglycerol, free fatty acid, triacylglycerol and ester cholesterol were identified at each stages. The total lipid value for larva was about two times the value for the egg through the all staes. Diacylglycerol, free fatty acid and triacylglycerol at larval stage the concentration reached a maximum. Hence, changes in concentration of lipid through course of the physiological cycle form a U-shaped curve when graphed against the lipid contents of the egg and the larval stage. The mineral salts present are calcium, lithium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium identified at each stages. The mineral salts concentration of the larval stage reached high level in contrast with the egg stage.

한인진 추출물의 간장보호 작용에 관한 연구

이순복,조태순,윤기욱,이종찬,이선미,심성보 성균관대학교 약학연구소 1998 成均藥硏論文集 Vol.10 No.1

The dose-response effect of polysaccharide extracts(PS-1) from Artemisia iwayomogi was investigated under various hepatic disease models. Silymarin, DDB and UDCA were used as reference compounds. We found that the maximal effective dose of PS-1 was 100 ㎎/㎏ b.wt. in CCl_4-induced hepatotoxicity, D-galactosamine-induced hepatitis, in ANIT-induced cholestasis and 300 ㎎/㎏ b.wt. in CCl_4-induced chronic liver disease, 30 ㎎/㎏ b.wt. in chronic bile duct ligation and chronic ethanol fatty liver. These findings suggest that PS-1 fraction protects the hepatocyte against various hepatic injuries, and this fracton might be of therapeutic value.