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Run-Time Adaptive Workload Estimation for Dynamic Voltage Scaling
Sung-Yong Bang,Kwanhu Bang,Sungroh Yoon,Eui-Young Chung IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on computer-aided design of inte Vol.28 No.9
<P>Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) is a popular energy-saving technique for real-time tasks. The effectiveness of DVS critically depends on the accuracy of workload estimation, since DVS exploits the slack or the difference between the deadline and execution time. Many existing DVS techniques are profile based and simply utilize the worst-case or average execution time without estimation. Several recent approaches recognize the importance of workload estimation and adopt statistical estimation techniques. However, these approaches still require extensive profiling to extract reliable workload statistics and furthermore cannot effectively handle time-varying workloads. Feedback-control-based adaptive algorithms have been proposed to handle such nonstationary workloads, but their results are often too sensitive to parameter selection. To overcome these limitations of existing approaches, we propose a novel workload estimation technique for DVS. This technique is based on the Kalman filter and can estimate the processing time of workloads in a robust and accurate manner by adaptively calibrating estimation error by feedback. We tested the proposed method with workloads of various characteristics extracted from eight MPEG video clips. To thoroughly evaluate the performance of our approach, we used both a cycle-accurate simulator and an XScale-based test board. Our simulation result demonstrates that the proposed technique outperforms the compared alternatives with respect to the ability to meet given timing and Quality of Service constraints. Furthermore, we found that the accuracy of our approach is almost comparable to the oracle accuracy achievable only by offline analysis. Experimental results indicate that using our approach can reduce energy consumption by 57.5% on average, only with negligible deadline miss ratio (DMR) around 6.1%. Moreover, the average of computational overheads for the proposed technique is just 0.3%, which is the minimum value compared to other methods. More importantly, the DMR of our method is bounded by 11.7% in the worst case, while those of other methods are twice or more than ours.</P>
Yoon, Jung Hee,Lee, Jin Wuk,Ryu, Dae Won,Choi, Sang Yup,Yoon, Sung Won,Suh, ByoungJin,Koh, Eui Kwan,Kim, Hyoung Chan,Hong, Chang Seop American ChemicalSociety 2011 Inorganic chemistry Vol.50 No.22
<P>A 5d–3d bimetallic compound was prepared by self-assembling[W(CN)<SUB>8</SUB>]<SUP>3–</SUP> and the Mn<SUP>III</SUP> Schiffbases. This neutral complex consists of cyanide-linked W<SUP>V</SUP>Mn<SUP>III</SUP> anionic chains and isolated Mn<SUP>III</SUP> Schiffbase cations. We demonstrate that two types of relaxation processesare involved in the system; the low-<I>T</I> dynamics maycome from magnetic domain dynamics and the high-<I>T</I> relaxation stems from the anionic chain, revealing single-chainmagnet character.</P><P>A 5d−3d bimetalliccompound was prepared by self-assembling[W(CN)<SUB>8</SUB>]<SUP>3−</SUP> and the Mn<SUP>III</SUP> Schiffbases. This neutral complex consists of cyanide-linked W<SUP>V</SUP>Mn<SUP>III</SUP> anionic chains and isolated Mn<SUP>III</SUP> Schiffbase cations. We demonstrate that two types of relaxation processesare involved in the system; the low-<I>T</I> dynamics maycome from magnetic domain dynamics and the high-<I>T</I> relaxation stems from the anionic chain, revealing single-chainmagnet character.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/inocaj/2011/inocaj.2011.50.issue-22/ic202100y/production/images/medium/ic-2011-02100y_0003.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic202100y'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ic202100y'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
( Sung Eic Hong ),( Jin Koo Kim ),( Jeong Nam Yu ),( Keun Yong Kim ),( Chung Il Lee ),( Kwan Eui Hong ),( Kie Young Park ),( Moongeun Yoon ) 한국수산과학회(구 한국수산학회) 2012 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.15 No.1
Genetic variation in the Asian shore crab Hemigrapsus sanguineus was determined from partial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences of the cytochrome b (Cytb) gene. Samples included 143 crabs from six localities along three coastlines in South Korea. A nucleotide sequence analysis revealed 38 variable sites in a 470-bp sequence, which defined 37 haplotypes. The haplotypes were not associated geographically and had a shallow genealogy. Pairwise FST tests and a two-dimensional scaling analysis revealed no significant genetic differentiation among most of the populations. The low pairwise comparison values, but significant genetic differentiation of a northeastern population from all other populations, might have been influenced by a restriction in gene flow caused by hydrographic conditions such as ocean boundaries. The high haplotype diversity, low nucleotide diversity, and time since H. sanguineus expansion in Korean coastal waters indicate rapid population growth and a recent, sudden expansion in the Late Pleistocene.
Yoon Young Choi,Min-Eui Hong,Won Seok Chang,Sang Jun Sim 한국생물공학회 2019 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.24 No.1
Chlorella sorokiniana is a thermo-resistant microalga that is widely used for production of biofuel such as biodiesel. When cultured at 37°C under autotrophic conditions, C. sorokiniana showed the highest production of biomass, whereas the cells exhibited the highest production of fatty acids at 30°C. Herein, culture temperature shift was applied to improve autotrophic biodiesel production via the two-stage strategy. In addition, in order to increase biomass production, dissolved inorganic carbon source (mainly bicarbonate ion species), which is essential for photosynthesis, was supplied in the cultures by dissolving the CO2 in alkaline solution. As a result, cell growth increased up to 22% compared to that of the control cells by supplying constant inorganic carbon source into the cultures. The cells cultured under the condition of temperature shift (37°C to 30°C) and bicarbonate solution showed an increase in biodiesel productivity by 31% when compared to the cells that were cultured without such temperature adjustment (37°C to 37°C). In brief, our temperature shift method with bicarbonate buffer system (inorganic carbon supply) will improve biofuel production including biodiesel from C. sorokiniana under autotrophic conditions.
Yoon, Sang-Hee,Kim, Young Kyun,Han, Eui Don,Seo, Young-Ho,Kim, Byeong Hee,Mofrad, Mohammad R K Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Lab on a chip Vol.12 No.13
<P>Directed cell migration is critical to a variety of biological and physiological processes. Although simple topographical patterns such as parallel grooves and three-dimensional post arrays have been studied to guide cell migration, the effect of the dimensions and shape of micropatterns, which respectively represent the amount and gradient of physical spatial cues, on cell migration has not yet been fully explored. This motivates a quantitative characterization of cell migration in response to micropatterns having different widths and divergence angles. The changes in the migratory (and even locational) behavior of adherent cells, when the cells are exposed to physical spatial cues imposed by the micropatterns, are explored here using a microfabricated biological platform, nicknamed the 'Rome platform'. The Rome platform, made of a biocompatible, ultraviolet (UV) curable polymer (ORMOCOMP), consists of 3 μm thick micropatterns with different widths of 3 to 75 μm and different divergence angles of 0.5 to 5.0. The migration paths through which NIH 3T3 fibroblasts move on the micropatterns are analyzed with a persistent random walk model, thus quantifying the effect of the divergence angle of micropatterns on cell migratory characteristics such as cell migration speed, directional persistence time, and random motility coefficient. The effect of the width of micropatterns on cell migratory characteristics is also extensively investigated. Cell migration direction is manipulated by creating the gradient of physical spatial cues (that is, divergence angle of micropatterns), while cell migration speed is controlled by modulating the amount of them (namely, width of micropatterns). In short, the amount and gradient of physical spatial cues imposed by changing the width and divergence angle of micropatterns make it possible to control the rate and direction of cell migration in a passive way. These results offer a potential for reducing the healing time of open wounds with a smart wound dressing engraved with micropatterns (or microscaffolds).</P>
Tumor Mesenchymal Stem-Like Cell as a Prognostic Marker in Primary Glioblastoma
Yoon, Seon-Jin,Shim, Jin-Kyoung,Chang, Jong Hee,Moon, Ju Hyung,Roh, Tae-Hoon,Sung, Kyoung Su,Lee, Ji-Hyun,Kim, Eui-Hyun,Kim, Sun Ho,Hong, Yong-Kil,Lee, Su-Jae,Huh, Yong-Min,Kang, Seok-Gu Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Stem cells international Vol.2016 No.-
<P>The isolation from brain tumors of tumor mesenchymal stem-like cells (tMSLCs) suggests that these cells play a role in creating a microenvironment for tumor initiation and progression. The clinical characteristics of patients with primary glioblastoma (pGBM) positive for tMSLCs have not been determined. This study analyzed samples from 82 patients with pGBM who had undergone tumor removal, pathological diagnosis, and isolation of tMSLC from April 2009 to October 2014. Survival, extent of resection, molecular markers, and tMSLC culture results were statistically evaluated. Median overall survival was 18.6 months, 15.0 months in tMSLC-positive patients and 29.5 months in tMSLC-negative patients (<I>P</I> = 0.014). Multivariate cox regression model showed isolation of tMSLC (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.1~5.6, <I>P</I> = 0.021) showed poor outcome while larger extent of resection (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2~0.8, <I>P</I> = 0.011) has association with better outcome. The presence of tMSLCs isolated from the specimen of pGBM is associated with the survival of patient.</P>