A Comparative Analysis of the Metabolic and Coagulative Profiles in Patients with Idiopathic Scoliosis, Congenital Scoliosis and Healthy Controls: A Case–Control Study

Kaustubh Ahuja,Bhavuk Garg,Buddhadev Chowdhuri,Raj Kumar Yadav,Pradeep Kumar Chaturvedi 대한척추외과학회 2018 Asian Spine Journal Vol.12 No.6

Study Design: Single-center, observational, case–control study. Purpose: Comparison and analysis of the metabolic and coagulative profiles in patients with idiopathic scoliosis, patients with congenital scoliosis, and healthy controls. Overview of Literature: Serum melatonin deficiency has been a controversial topic in the etiopathogenesis of scoliosis. Low bone mineral density, low vitamin D3 levels, and high parathyroid hormone levels are common metabolic abnormalities associated with scoliosis that may be responsible for its pathogenesis. In addition to metabolic defects, several studies have shown coagulation defects that either persist from the preoperative period or occur during surgery and usually lead to more than the expected amount of blood loss in patients undergoing deformity correction for scoliosis. Methods: The study population (n=73) was classified into those having congenital scoliosis (n=31), those with idiopathic scoliosis (n=30), and healthy controls (n=12). After detailed clinicoradiological evaluation of all the subjects, 10-mL blood samples were collected, measured, and analyzed for various metabolic and coagulation parameters. Results: The mean serum melatonin levels in patients with idiopathic scoliosis were significantly lower than those in the healthy controls. Although the mean serum melatonin level in the congenital group was also low, the difference was not statistically significant. Serum alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone levels were higher in the scoliosis groups, whereas the vitamin D level was lower. No differences were observed in the coagulation profiles of the different groups. Conclusions: Low serum melatonin levels associated with scoliosis can be a cause or an effect of scoliosis. Moreover, low bone mineral density, high bone turn over, and negative calcium balance appear to play an important role in the progression, if not the onset, of the deformity.

Lumbar Scoliosis in Patients With Breast Cancer: Prevalence and Relationship With Breast Cancer Treatment, Age, Bone Mineral Density, and Body Mass Index

정상은,김미강,이종인 대한재활의학회 2017 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.41 No.5

Objective To identify the prevalence of lumbar scoliosis in breast cancer patients and to investigate the potential risk factors of lumbar scoliosis.Methods A retrospective chart review was performed in breast cancer patients aged more than 40 years who underwent dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scanning between January 2014 and December 2014. We divided the patients into control and experimental groups in order to investigate the influence of breast cancer treatment. The curvature of the lumbar spine was measured by using the Cobb method on a DEXA scan. Scoliosis was defined by the presence of a curvature 10o or larger. The variables, including age, bone mineral density (BMD), body mass index (BMI), and breast cancer treatments, were also obtained from the medical chart. Prevalence of lumbar scoliosis was evaluated, and it was compared between the two groups. The relationships between lumbar scoliosis and these variables were also investigated.Results Lumbar scoliosis was present in 16 out of our 652 breast cancer patients. There was no difference in the prevalence of lumbar scoliosis between the control group (7/316) and the experimental group (9/336) (p=0.70). According to the logistic regression analysis, lumbar scoliosis had no significant association with operation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, BMI, and BMD (p>0.05). However, age showed a significant relationship with prevalence of lumbar scoliosis (p<0.001; odds ratio, 1.11; 95% confidence interval, 1.054–1.170).Conclusion Prevalence of lumbar scoliosis in patients with breast cancer was 2.45%. Lumbar scoliosis had no association with breast cancer treatments, BMD, and BMI. Age was the only factor related to the prevalence of lumbar scoliosis.

특발성 척추측만증 여자중학생의 Cobb`s Angle과 건강관련체력의 연관성

이소은 ( So Eun Lee ) 한국발육발달학회 2016 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.24 No.3

The purpose of this study was to examine relationship between Cobb’s angle and health related physical fitness in idiopathic scoliosis middle school girls. This study measured a primary scoliosis-test by a scoliometer with 200 middle school girls and a secondary-test by Cobb``s angle using an X-ray. The subjects were divided into two groups: scoliosis(n=100) and normal(n=100). Scoliosis group were divided into five groups according to Cobb’s angle levels: 1group(Cobb’s Angle 10o-14o), 2group(15o-19o), 3group(20o-24o), 4group(25o-29o), 5group(30o-34o). The analysis of data revealed the following findings. The health related physical fitness showed significant difference between scoliosis group and normal group. Scoliosis group had significantly lower endurance, muscular strength, flexibility in comparison to normal group. And scoliosis group had significantly higher body fat, BMI in comparison to normal group. The health related physical fitness showed significant according to Cobb’s angle levels. Muscular strength and flexibility were significantly lower with increasing angle of scoliosis. And body mass index is significantly higher with increasing angle of scoliosis. Cobb’s angle showed significant negative correlation with muscular strength and flexibility and Cobb’s angle showed significant positive correlation with endurance, body fat, BMI. In conclusion, this study showed that scoliosis affects health related physical fitness. We find the body composition and physical fitness decreased of middle school girls with scoliosis. There are needs for prospective study about the possible development of idiopathic scoliosis for prevention of decreased physical fitness and obesity. Therefore, we should strive to develop the exercise program for prevention of idiopathic scoliosis would improve quality of life in youth.

Prevalence and Insight of Scoliosis among Korean Male Adolescents by Chest Radiographs

김도근,윤승환,오창현,박형천,박종운,현동근 대한척추신경외과학회 2011 Neurospine Vol.8 No.3

Objective: We applied chest radiographs to scoliosis screening for conscription. Prevalence, types of scoliosis, and insight of examinees with scoliosis were investigated. Methods: In this study, chest radiographs of 2417 males, who had been given an examination for conscription at the Seoul Regional Military Manpower Administration from April 2009 to May 2009, were analyzed. The prevalence of scoliosis more than a 10 degrees Cobb angle was calculated. The insight of scoliosis was investigated in every examinee and thoracolumbar radiographs were checked in those examinees with more than a 20 degree Cobb angle. Results: Among 1904 males, 477 (19.7%) exhibited scoliosis involving more than a 5 degrees Cobb angle were and 131(5.4%) exhibitedmore than a 10 degree Cobb angle. In those 131 cases, 18 (13.7%) had a known history of problems with scoliosis. Among the group measuring less than a 10 degree Cobb angle, 1.7% of them misunderstood scoliosis. Insight of scoliosis increased according to the severity of spinal curvature; however, nearly half of the cases with a 20 degree or greater Cobb angle had no insight with respect to their scoliosis. Conclusion: In male adolescents, the prevalence of scoliosis with a greater than 10 degree Cobb angle was 5.4% and there was a low insight with respect to scoliosis. Objective: We applied chest radiographs to scoliosis screening for conscription. Prevalence, types of scoliosis, and insight of examinees with scoliosis were investigated. Methods: In this study, chest radiographs of 2417 males, who had been given an examination for conscription at the Seoul Regional Military Manpower Administration from April 2009 to May 2009, were analyzed. The prevalence of scoliosis more than a 10 degrees Cobb angle was calculated. The insight of scoliosis was investigated in every examinee and thoracolumbar radiographs were checked in those examinees with more than a 20 degree Cobb angle. Results: Among 1904 males, 477 (19.7%) exhibited scoliosis involving more than a 5 degrees Cobb angle were and 131(5.4%) exhibitedmore than a 10 degree Cobb angle. In those 131 cases, 18 (13.7%) had a known history of problems with scoliosis. Among the group measuring less than a 10 degree Cobb angle, 1.7% of them misunderstood scoliosis. Insight of scoliosis increased according to the severity of spinal curvature; however, nearly half of the cases with a 20 degree or greater Cobb angle had no insight with respect to their scoliosis. Conclusion: In male adolescents, the prevalence of scoliosis with a greater than 10 degree Cobb angle was 5.4% and there was a low insight with respect to scoliosis.

선천성 심장병 수술환자에서의 척추 측만증

이재철,이동호,안준환,임수택,장봉순,이춘기,석세일 대한척추외과학회 2002 대한척추외과학회지 Vol.9 No.2

MUSP 운동치료와 전기치료가 척추측만증환자의 Cobb`s angle, 유연성, 균형능력 및 흉곽확장에 미치는 효과 비교

정기훈 ( Gi Hoon Jeong ),김은영(교신저자) ( Eun Young Kim ) 대한통합의학회 2016 대한통합의학회지 Vol.4 No.1

PURPOSE : The purpose of this study to suggest the exercise programs for improving the function and structure by applying the Masan university scoliosis program exercise method and electrical therapy method to the scoliosis patient. METHODS : The subjects were 18 patients who were diagnosed with scoliosis. They were randomly assigned either to a Masan university scoliosis program exercise group (n=11) that received Masan university scoliosis program exercise program or to a electrical therapy group (n=7). Flexibility, static balance, dynamic balance, and spinal angles were measured by using one leg standing with closed eyes, functional reach test, and Cobb``s angle, respectively. The chest expansion were calculated using differences of chest circumference between maximum inspiration and maximum expiration. RESULT : Masan university scoliosis program group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the static balance, spine angle(p<.05). Masan university scoliosis program group before and after the intervention there was a difference in the flexibility, static balance, spine angle, chest expansion (p<.05). CONCLUSION : These results revealed that Masan university scoliosis program exercise program improved flexibility, static standing balance, spine angle, used as scoliosis management and intervention. Therefore, it is expected to be used as a method for the treatment and prevention in the process of rehabilitation of patients with scoliosis.

척추측만증 여자 중학생의 Cobb"s 각이 신체구성 및 체력에 미치는 영향

이소은(Lee, So-Eun) 한국체육과학회 2016 한국체육과학회지 Vol.25 No.3

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Cobb"s angle on body composition and physical fitness in scoliosis middle school girls. This study measured a primary scoliosis-test by a scoliometer with 170 middle school girls and a secondary-test by Cobb"s angle using an X-ray. The subjects were divided into two groups: scoliosis(n=85) and normal(n=85). The analysis of data revealed the following findings. The body composition showed significant difference between scoliosis group and normal group. Scoliosis group had significantly lower lean mass, fat mass, BMI in comparison to normal group. Also, physical fitness showed significant difference between scoliosis group and normal group. Scoliosis group had significantly lower back strength(muscular strength/endurance) and place the long jump(power) in comparison to normal group. In conclusion, this study showed that scoliosis affects body composition and physical fitness. We find the body composition and physical fitness decreased of middle school girls with scoliosis. Various factors such as an irregular life habit and lack of exercise affect scoliosis. Therefore, it is important to correct one′s life habit and work out regularly to prevent scoliosis and development of regular and systematic exercise programs for middle school girls is highly needed.

Impact of the Vestibular System on the Formation and Progression to Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Review of Literature

Scheyerer Max Joseph,Rohde Axel,Stuermer Konrad Johannes,Kluenter Heinz-Dieter,Bredow Jan,Oikonomidis Stavros,Klußmann Jens Peter,Eysel Peer,Eysel-Gosepath Kathrin 대한척추외과학회 2021 Asian Spine Journal Vol.15 No.5

The physiopathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis remains unknown. However, a multifactorial pathogenesis is being assumed. Besides biomechanical, biochemical, and genetic factors, some studies have focused on congenital or acquired abnormalities in the vestibular organ with consecutive development of scoliosis. This study aims to analyze a possible correlation between any vestibular organ congenital or acquired pathologies and scoliosis based on the current literature. Therefore, we conducted a literature search in three databases, with search terms such as “scoliosis,” “organ of balance,” “idiopathic scoliosis,” “vestibular organ,” “spine,” and “balance.” Fifteen studies were selected and used for research. The relationship between scoliosis and vestibular organ abnormalities was recorded from all included works. Seven studies demonstrated a direct correlation between vestibular organ anatomical abnormalities and the form of the scoliotic spine. Another study confirmed the influence of the pathology of the vestibular organ on scoliosis but questioned whether it had an impact on the formation or the progression of the curvature. Others demonstrated a temporal overlap of the embryonic development of the vestibular organ and the beginning of pre-scoliotic characteristics, but their relationship remained questionable. In three studies, the correlation remained unclear, and any context has been denied. It seems unlikely that an isolated vestibular disorder can trigger structural scoliosis. However, the vestibular system pathologies may certainly occur in the multifactorial genesis of idiopathic scoliosis. Whether the correlation refers to the expression or the progression of scoliosis or may even have an influence on both remains unclear. New treatment options could be derived from these findings with a positive influence on the course of the deformity.

19세 남자 청소년에서의 특발성 척추 측만증의 유병률

오창현,장윤종,이재환,윤승환,박형천,박종운 대한척추신경외과학회 2010 Neurospine Vol.7 No.3

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and the epidemiological findings of scoliosis in 19-year-old Korean males. Methods: We applied chest radiographs for scoliosis screening from the examinations for conscription at Regional Military Manpower Administration in Seoul, Korea, from April 2009 to December 2009. A total 28,779 males, aged 19 years, were screened for scoliosis. Additional thoraco-lumbar radiographs were obtained for every examinee identified with scoliosis of more than 20 degrees using Cobb’s angle. Results: The prevalence of scoliosis of more than 10 degrees of Cobb’s angle was 5.3%(1532 of 28,779 males). The most common category for these 19-year-old males was scoliosis of 10 to 19 degrees. The most common pattern of scoliosis was thoracic(57.6%), followed by thoracolumbar(32.1%), lumbar(7.0%), and double major curves(3.3%) scoliosis. Conclusions: Among 28,779 19-year-old Korean males, the prevalence of scoliosis of more than 10 degrees Cobb angle was 5.3%, and thoracic scoliosis was the most common.

A New Clinical Tool for Scoliosis Risk Analysis: Scoliosis Tele-Screening Test

Yılmaz Hurriyet Gursel,Büyükaslan Ahsen,Kuşvuran Aslihan,Turan Zeynep,Tuna Filiz,Tunc Hande,Özdoğan Sibel 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.4

Study Design: Methodological, observational clinical study.Purpose: This study aimed to develop a virtual screening test to detect scoliosis risk initially by parents without the need for medical visit during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.Overview of Literature: The scoliosis screening program has been implemented to early detect scoliosis. Unfortunately, access to health professionals was limited during the pandemic. However, during this time, interest in telemedicine has increased remarkably. Recently, mobile applications related to postural analysis were developed, but none permits evaluation by parents.Methods: Researchers developed the Scoliosis Tele-Screening Test (STS-Test), which included drawing-based images of body asymmetries, to assess the scoliosis-associated risk factors. The STS-Test was shared on social networks, allowing the parents to evaluate their children. After test completion, the risk score was generated automatically, and children with medium and high risks were then advised for medical consultation for further evaluation. The test accuracy and consistency between the clinician and parents were also analyzed.Results: Of the 865 tested children, 358 (41.4%) consulted clinicians to confirm their STS-Test results. Scoliosis was then confirmed in 91 children (25.4%). The parents were able to detect asymmetry in 50% of the lumbar/thoracolumbar curvatures and 82% of the thoracic curvatures. In addition, the forward bend test revealed favorable agreement between parents and clinicians (<i>r</i> =0.809, <i>p</i><0.0005). Internal consistency of the esthetic deformities domain in the STS-Test was also excellent (α=0.901). This tool was 94.97% accurate, 83.51% sensitive, and 98.87% specific.Conclusions: The STS-Test is a new parent-friendly, virtual, cost-effective, result-oriented, and reliable tool for scoliosis screening. It allows parents to actively participate in the early detection of scoliosis by screening their children for the risk of scoliosis periodically without the need to visit the health institution.