Comparative floristic diversity of Southwest Primorye and neighboring areas of the Russian Far East

Kozhevnikov, Andrey Evhenijevicz,Kozhevnikova, Zoya Vitalijevna,Lee, Byoung Yoon,Kwak, Myounghai The National Institute of Biological Resources 2017 Journal of species research Vol.6 No.1

Southwest Primorye is located in the southern most part of the Russian Far East. The flora of this area is one of the most thoroughly studied and contains 1,530 species of vascular plants, belonging to 622 genera and 154 families, representing 55.6% of the flora of the Primorsky Territory. The flora native to Southwest Primorye encompasses 1,356 species from 547 genera and 148 families. Adventitious plants are represented by 174 species from 127 genera and 37 families. Among other areas of the Russian Far East, only Southwest Primorye has flora in common with the Korean Peninsula, which contains plant species in the subtropical and tropical latitudes: Mitrasacme indica Wight, Halosciastrum melanotilingia [Boissieu] M. Pimen. et V. Tichomirov, Streptolirion volubile Edgew., Lipocarpha microcephala [R. Br.] Kunth, Pueraria lobata [Willd.] Ohwi, Belamcanda chinensis [L.] DC., Zoysia japonica Steud., Deinostema violacea [Maxim.] Yamazaki and Parthenocissus tricuspidata [Siebold et Zucc.] Planch. Most of the flora is represented by the species restricted to Southwest Primorye (seven endemic species) or the Korean Peninsula (seven hemiendemic species). A total of 50.2% of the 10 largest families are nemoral (preboreal) floras, located in the transitional zone of the boreal and nemoral floras. In terms of the structure of the ranked taxonomic spectrum of the largest families, the flora of Southwest Primorye is more similar to that of Northeast China with influence of the Korean flora.

Comparative floristic diversity of Southwest Primorye and neighboring areas of the Russian Far East

Andrey Evhenijevicz Kozhevnikov,Zoya Vitalijevna Kozhevnikova,이병윤,곽명해 국립생물자원관 2017 Journal of species research Vol.6 No.1

Southwest Primorye is located in the southern most part of the Russian Far East. The flora of this area is one of the most thoroughly studied and contains 1,530 species of vascular plants, belonging to 622 genera and 154 families, representing 55.6% of the flora of the Primorsky Territory. The flora native to Southwest Primorye encompasses 1,356 species from 547 genera and 148 families. Adventitious plants are represented by 174 species from 127 genera and 37 families. Among other areas of the Russian Far East, only Southwest Primorye has flora in common with the Korean Peninsula, which contains plant species in the subtropical and tropical latitudes: Mitrasacme indica Wight, Halosciastrum melanotilingia [Boissieu] M. Pimen. et V. Tichomirov, Streptolirion volubile Edgew., Lipocarpha microcephala [R. Br.] Kunth, Pueraria lobata [Willd.] Ohwi, Belamcanda chinensis [L.] DC., Zoysia japonica Steud., Deinostema violacea [Maxim.] Yamazaki and Parthenocissus tricuspidata [Siebold et Zucc.] Planch. Most of the flora is represented by the species restricted to Southwest Primorye (seven endemic species) or the Korean Peninsula (seven hemiendemic species). A total of 50.2% of the 10 largest families are nemoral (preboreal) floras, located in the transitional zone of the boreal and nemoral floras. In terms of the structure of the ranked taxonomic spectrum of the largest families, the flora of Southwest Primorye is more similar to that of Northeast China with influence of the Korean flora.

Fossil Plants from the Early Cretaceous Hasandong Formation of Chilgok Area, Korea

김종헌,남기수,이성복,전영석 한국지구과학회 2016 韓國地球科學會誌 Vol.37 No.5

Nine species of fossil plants were described based on the new material collected from the Hasandong Formation. They are as follows: Thallites yabei, Onychiopsis elongata, Cladophlebis denticulata, C. shinshuensis, C. (Eboracia ?) lobifolia, C. (Klukia ?) koraiensis, Brachyphyllum japonicum, Elatocladus tennerima, and Taeniopteris ? sp. cf. T. auriculata. The floristic composition of the Hasandong flora is very similar to that of the Nakdong flora. This means that both floras might have flourished under subtropical warm arid climate. This flora contains both the Tetori-type and Ryoseki-type floras. It is considered that the Hasandong flora is a member of the Mixed-type floras that existed in eastern Eurasia during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous time.

전문가 델파이 조사를 통한 천연기념물 식물 유형 개발

손지원,신진호,이재진,김도희 국립문화재연구원 2016 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.49 No.4

Protected Flora are natural heritage that involve a wide variety of valuable natural values and cultural values. Over time, “Cultural Properties Preservation Law” has been changing the definition and the criteria of Protected Flora. In addition to the academic value and the rarity of the plant, historical, ethnic and landscape values have become increasingly important. For that reason the declaration and management processes of the Protected Flora need to be improved. However, the current statute has focused on the morphological characteristics of the plants which have a limit to encompass various values of the plant. It also does not correspond to the definition of Protected Flora and its declaration criteria stated on the “Cultural Properties Preservation Law.” For this reason, the main purpose of this study is to develop new types of Protected Flora so that various Protected Flora can be discovered in the future. 천연기념물은 자연적 가치와 문화적 가치가 복합된 자연유산으로 매우 다양한 가치를 내포하고 있는 문화재이다. 시간이 지남에따라 「문화재보호법」 상 천연기념물의 지정기준 및 천연기념물의 의미도 점차 변화되고 있다. 점차 식물의 희소성 및 학술적 가치외에도 역사적, 민속적, 경관적 가치도 중요해지고 있으며, 이에 따른 천연기념물의 지정 및 관리 유형 개선이 필요한 시점이다. 하지만현행 유형은 식물의 행태적 특성에 초점이 맞춰져 있어 식물의 다양한 가치를 포괄하는데 한계가 있고 「문화재보호법」의 문화재 정의및 지정기준과의 연계성도 부족한 실정이다. 이에 따라 본 연구는 문화재로서 식물의 복합적인 가치를 담을 수 있도록 전문가 델파이조사를 통해 천연기념물 식물의 신규 유형을 제안하고 향후 다양한 천연기념물 발굴에 이를 활용하고자 하였다.

Mixing Memory and Science: Kimiko Hahn`s Toxic Flora and the Idea of Home

( Yuko Matsukawa ) 한국영미문학페미니즘학회 2016 영미문학페미니즘 Vol.24 No.1

Toxic Flora (2010) marks a significant departure from Asian American poet Kimiko Hahn’s previous poetry collections in terms of subject matter and form. These poems have their origins in various science articles from the New York Times and serve as meditations on nature and human nature, punctuated with musings by an “I” whose voice seems more mature and quietly confident compared to Hahn’s previous collections. However, when read in the context of her other work, we see that the issues she is most passionate about subjectivity, language, home- continue to weave themselves into the fabric of Toxic Flora. In Toxic Flora, in addition to the usual themes, there is a new intellectual curiosity for things scientific and a strong sense of discovering “In things the most unlike some qualities / Having relationship and family ties” (from Memoirs of the Life of Sir Humphrey Davy) as she notes in the epigraph of her book. The poems are grouped into sections with topics running the gamut from insects to birds to planets to extinct species to sea creatures to dinosaurs to the brain, divided by short paragraphs that provide a running commentary on sexual cannibalism. The science articles, which serve as an archive of public memory, are tied to personal memories about family and friends of the poems’ speaker as she “traces analogies” and “fervent geography.” Through these, she gains new ways to organize her life by acknowledging the passage of time: for instance, a past marriage is like an extinct animal; Maui, her mother’s childhood home, becomes a Darwinian locale; her late mother is memorialized in the heavens; and her concerns about her grown daughters alter. Thus, the act of remembering and sorting via science reconfigures family and home for Hahn’s poetic alter ego to redefine herself in the twenty-first century.

Contribution to the knowledge on the flora of Munkhkhairkhan mountain area, Mongolia

Oyuntsetseg Batlai,Baasanmunkh Shukherdorj,Oyundelger Khurelpurev,Munkhzul Oyunbileg,김재영,조형준,Batkhuu Nyam-Osor,정규영,최혁재 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.4

The Munkhkhairkhan mountain area is a unique highland ecosystem with a diverse regional alpine flora. This mountain habitat is located at the overlap of different floristic regions: on its western side Kazakhstan–Turan flora is dominating, and on the eastern side East Asian flora is observed. It is known that the whole area has a large number of endemics and rare plant species, because of its specific, harsh habitat conditions. Therefore, the flora of different habitats in the Munkhkhairkhan mountain needs to be investigated and properly protected. Munkhkhairkhan National Park has been founded in 2006, and our survey concentrated on the protected area as well as the surrounding areas of the mountains. All recorded species in this study were based on the collected voucher specimens. Conservation status for remarkable species was also reviewed based on the literature. As a result, we recorded 40 families, 150 genera, and 267 species of vascular plants, including four endemic and 34 subendemic species and 15 species' new distribution notes. Around the Munkhkhairkhan mountain, 16 very rare, 21 rare, eight endangered, and two near threatened species are growing, indicating the high conservation value of this area and the necessity for research.

한반도에서 산출된 화석목재의 다양성

김종헌 한국지구과학회 2015 한국지구과학회지 Vol.36 No.1

한반도에서 산출되는 화석목재의 개요와 고식물학적 의미를 파악하기 위하여 문헌 조사를 통하여 이들을 종합하였다. 한반도에서 보고된 화석목재는 중생대에서 신생대로 갈수록 종수와 다양성이 증가하며 특히 신생대에 급증했다. 전기 중생대에서는 구과류 4속 6분류군이 기재되었는데 이것은 대동식물군의 약 6%에 해당한다. 후기 중생대의 화석목재는 모두 구과류이며 총 7속 15분류군이 기재되었는데, 이것은 낙동식물군의 약 29%에 해당한다. 신제3기의 화석목재는 16과 21속에 속하는 35분류군이 기재되었는데 대부분이 쌍자엽식물이고 다른 시대에 비하여 다양성이 가장 크다. 이것은 장기식물군의 약 83%에 해당한다. 신제3기에 화석목재가 급증한 이유는 식물군의 구성이 쌍자엽식물이 많고, 화석층에 목재 화석화에 적합한 화산쇄설암이 풍부했기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. In order to understand the broad outline and palaeobotanical significances, the fossil woods from the Korean Peninsula were integrated through the literature surveys. Types and diversity of them are gradually increasing from Mesozoic to Cenozoic, especially increased sharply in Cenozoic. During the Early Mesozoic, six conifer taxa belonging to four genera were described, which corresponds to about 6% of the Daedong flora. Those of the Late Mesozoic are all conifers, consisting of fifteen taxa belonging to seven genera, which corresponds to about 29% of the Nakdong flora. During the Neogene, thirty four taxa belong to sixteen families were described. Those woods mostly consist of dicotyledon and have the greatest diversity compared to other geologic eras, which corresponds to about 83% of the Janggi flora. It is inferred that such a rapid increase of the silicified wood fossils in Neogene are due to the abundant presence of dicotyledon in floral composition and of pyroclastic rocks in strata, which are appropriate for preserving wood as fossils.

충남 당진지역 저서 해조류의 해조상과 군집구조

최창근(Chang Geun CHOI) 한국생태공학회 2011 한국생태공학회지 Vol.2 No.1

A intertidal marine benthic algal vegetation at Dangjin, the western coast of Korea was investigated to clarify the community structure and the pattern of geographical distribution along a coast line between November 2002 and October 2003. Total 60 species including 10 of green algae, 15 of brown algae, 35 of red algae were collected and identified. Among these species, 6 species were found throughout the survey period by Ulva pertusa, Laminaria sp., Corallina pilulifera, Prionitis cornea, Gracilaria verrucosa, Chondrus ocellatus. Marine algal species of total vegetation at study sites, maximum algal species was recorded in autumn and winter seasons, and decreased in spring and summer seasons. The (R+C)/P value reflection flora characteristic was 3.0 and composition of seaweed flora was changed to the temperate flora. In conclusion, the number of marine algal species and diversity in this area were remarkably reduced comparing with the previous studies in western coast of Korea.

평창, 영월(강원도)의 석회암 지역 식물상

남기흠 ( Gi Heum Nam ),김중현 ( Jung Hyun Kim ),김영철 ( Young Chul Kim ),김진석 ( Jin Seok Kim ),이병윤 ( Byoung Yoon Lee ) 한국환경생태학회 2012 한국환경생태학회지 Vol.26 No.1

한국의 중부에 위치한 평창, 영월 지역은 석회암 지역이며 생물지리학적으로 매우 중요한 지역이다. 2010년 3월부터 10월까지의 조사로 평창, 영월 지역의 식물상을 밝혀 석회암 지역 식물 연구의 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 이 지역의 식물상은 134과 503속 1,010종 11아종 110변종 10품종 4잡종의 1,145분류군으로 확인되었다. 환경부 법적보호인 멸종위기야생식물은 7분류군이며, 한국고유종은 50분류군이었다. 식물구계학적특정식물은 238분류군으로 5등급 24분 류군, 4등급 30분류군, 3등급 60분류군, 2등급 45분류군, 1등급 79분류군으로 나타났다. 귀화식물은 82분류군이었으며, 본 조사지에서 다른 지역에 비해 특이하게 분포하는 식물은 53분류군이 확인되었다. 이 중 석회암 지역에서만 분포가 확인되는 식물은 35분류군이며, 격리되어 분포하는 북방계 식물은 15분류군, 해안성 식물은 3분류군이었다. Located in the middle part of the Korean peninsula, Pyeong-chang and Yeong-wol (Gangwon-do) areas are limestone regions that are important biogeographically showing the peculiar flora. In order to manage efficiently endangered and rare plant species, we have investigated flora of these above regions from March to October, 2010. The result of the investigation showed a total of vascular plants of 1,145 taxa; 134 families, 503 genera, and 1,010 species, 11 subspecies, 110 varieties, 10 forms and four hybrids. Among taxa investigated, endangered species designated by the law called ``Protection Law for Endangered wild fauna and flora`` were seven taxa, and 50 taxa were considered to be endemic to Korea. Based on the floristic degrees categorized by the specific distribution of plant species, 24 taxa revealed the floristic degree (FD) V, 30 for FD IV, and 60 for FD III, 45 for FD II and 79 taxa for FD I. The 82 taxa were identified to be naturalized. Of those species investigated in this survey, 53 taxa were identified as specific ones biogeographically as compared to flora of other terrestrial regions; 35 of calcicolous plants, 15 with distribution in the northern part of the Korean peninsula, three with coastal habitats.

Supplementation of Modified Mannitol-Yolk-Polymyxin B Agar with Cefuroxime for Quantitative Detection of Bacillus cereus in Food

Chon, Jung-Whan,Kim, Young-Ji,Kim, Dong-Hyeon,Song, Kwang-Young,Kim, Hyunsook,Seo, Kun-Ho Institute of Food Technologists 2019 Journal of Food Science Vol.84 No.1

<P> The presence of unwanted competing flora has been the most common confounding factor in the enumeration of <I>Bacillus cereus (B. cereus)</I> using selective media such as mannitol-yolk-polymyxin B agar (MYPA). The objective of this study was to improve MYPA selectivity for <I>B. cereus</I> by supplementation with a second-generation cephalosporin, cefuroxime. The performance of cefuroxime-supplemented MYPA (cefu-MYPA) was evaluated by comparison with original MYPA in 60 food products with established microbiological standards for <I>B. cereus</I> contamination. Cefu-MYPA demonstrated superior recoverability and selectivity for B. cereus compared with original MYPA in most tested foods. <I>B. cereus</I> numbers on MYPA and cefu?MYPA were 363.5 and 462.0 CFU/g, respectively. Competing flora on cefu-MYPA was detected in significantly less samples (70%) compared to original MYPA (93%). In addition, the detection and isolation of suspected colonies were significantly improved in cefu-MYPA because of the reduction or elimination of competing flora in all tested foods except fruit juice, indicating superior selectivity of the modified medium. Our findings suggest that cefuroxime supplementation of MYPA would markedly improve the detection rate of <I>B. cereus</I>, particularly in foods with high levels of indigenous flora. </P>