산양유 및 산양유 발효유가 웅성 설치류의 생식기능과 지구력에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

임경순,강재구,최기명,배창준,조우제,Im, Kyung-Soon,Kang, Jae-Ku,Choi, Ki-Myung,Pae, Chang-Joon,Joh, Woo-Jea 대한생식의학회 2000 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.27 No.4

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of goat milk and fermented goat milk on reproductive function and stamina of male rodent. Methods: Experiment I: Male ICR mouse was divided into four groups. Group 1 none-treated control; Group 2 received saline; Group 3 received cow milk 10 ml/kg per day for 15 days; Group 4 received goat milk 10 ml/kg per day for 15 days. The cauda epididymal sperm motility and testicular sperm production were investigated. Experiment II: Male SD rat was divided into three groups. Group 1 received saline; Group 2 received goat milk 10 ml/kg per day for 28 days; Group 3 received fermented goat milk 10 ml/kg per day for 28 days. The cauda epididymal sperm motility and testicular sperm production were also investigated. The concentration of testosterone in serum at 1 and 3 weeks after treatment was determined using Immulite 2000 kit. Testes, epididymis, prostate, and seminal vesicle were weighed. Experiment III: Male ICR mouse was divided into four groups. Group 1 none-treated control; Group 2 received saline; Group 3 received goat milk 10 ml/kg per day for 4 weeks; Group 4 received fermented goat milk 10 ml/kg per day for 4 weeks. After treatment, the mouse was forced to swim to test for stamina. Results: In Experiment I, the cauda epididymal sperm motility after in vitro culture for 1 or 3 h was significantly (p<0.05) higher in cow milk and goat milk than in the control and saline. There was no significant difference in the cauda epidymal sperm motility between cow and goat milk. The testicular spermatid number was significantly (p<0.01) higher in goat milk (222.8${\times}10^6$) than in the control (108.6), saline (98.2), and cow milk (118.2). In Experiment II, the cauda epididymal sperm motility after in vitro culture for 1 h was significantly (p<0.05) higher in fermented goat milk than in saline and goat milk. There was no significant difference in the cauda epidymal sperm motility between saline and goat milk but goat milk showed slightly higher sperm motility than saline. After in vitro culture for 3 h, the cauda epididymal sperm motility was significantly (p<0.01) higher in fermented goat milk and goat milk than in saline. The testicular spermatid number was significantly (p<0.05) higher in goat milk than in saline, and significantly (p<0.01) higher in fermented goat milk than in saline. And the serum testosterone levels of rats administered with goat milk or fermented goat milk were increased but were no significant difference among three groups. Also the prostate weight was significantly (p<0.05) increased in the goat and fermented goat milk. In Experiment III, the swimming time in the goat milk and fermented goat milk groups was significantly (p<0.01) longer than in the control and saline. There was no significant difference in the swimming time between goat and fermented goat milk but the fermented goat milk showed slightly longer swimming time than the goat milk. Conclusion: The cauda epididymal sperm motility, the testicular spermatid number and stamina were improved when the mice and rats were drunk with goat milk or fermented goat milk.

일부 시판 유산균 발효유의 pH와 적정산도

고석주 ( Seok Ju Ko ),정성숙 ( Seong Soog Jeong ),최충호 ( Choong Ho Choi ),김경희 ( Kyung Hee Kim ) 한국치위생학회(구 한국치위생교육학회) 2013 한국치위생학회지 Vol.13 No.4

Objectives : The aim of this study was to evaluate the pH and buffering capacity in some commercial fermented milks in Korea. Methods : The study was carried ouf from June to August, 2012. In 35 liquid type, 79 condense-stirred type and 71 condense-drink type fermented milks, available on the market, pH and buffering capacity were measured. Titration(with NaOH) was used to determine the buffering effect of each fermented milk. They were titrated with 1 M sodium hydroxide, added in 0.1 milliliters increments, until the pH reached about 5.5 and 7.0. Results : The average pH of tested fermented milks was 4.08±0.27. The average pH values of fermented milks were 3.64±0.22 in liquid type, 4.14±0.12 in condense-stirred type, and 4.22±0.17 condense-drink type. The average buffering capacity (pH 5.5) of tested fermented milk was 2.40±0.54. The average buffering capacity (pH 5.5) of liquid type fermented milk was 2.37±0.33, condense-stirred type fermented milk was 2.77±0.46 and condense-drink type fermented milk was 2.01±0.42. The average buffering capacity (pH 7.0) of tested fermented milks was 4.00±0.87. The average buffering capacity (pH 7.0) of liquid type fermented milk was 3.11±0.36, condense-stirred type fermented milk was 4.78±0.55 and condense-drink type fermented milk was 3.58±0.59. Conclusions : The average pH of tested fermented milks in this study was lower than pH 4.5. The type of fermented milks was an important factor for selection of fermented milk which is related with enamel erosion.

유청과 콩가루를 활용한 단백질 강화발효유의 품질특성

조준희 ( Jun Hee Jo ),양희선 ( Hee Sun Yang ),최유진 ( Yu Jin Choi ),이상천 ( Sang Cheon Lee ),최봉석 ( Bong Suk Choi ),박태영 ( Tae Young Park ),김진경 ( Jin Kyeong Kim ),허창기 ( Chang Ki Huh ) 한국유가공기술과학회 2014 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.32 No.2

단백질이 풍부한 소재를 혼합한 강화발효유를 통해 노년층에게 요구되는 단백질과 프로바이오틱스를 공급하고자, 유청단백질과 볶음 콩가루를 혼합하여 발효유를 제조하고, 관능검사, 일반성분 및 유리아미노산 분석, 저장성 검사 등을 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 발효유의 제조과정에서 콩가루를 발효 전에 첨가하고, 합성향료는 첨가하지 않으며, 스타터는 액상 타입을 사용하는 것이 높은 기호도를 얻을 수 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 유청단백질은 발효 후에 혼합하는 것이 발효유의 겔화를 방지할 수 있었다. 콩가루 첨가량에 따른 관능평가 결과로서, 5% 첨가구에서 가장 높은 기호도를 보였다. 저장성 평가에서, pH와 산도는 일반발효 유와 강화발효유에서 저장기간 4주 동안 큰 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았고, 유산균수는 저장기간 2주부터 차이를 보이기 시작하여, 4주가 경과한 후 log/cfu 값이 일반발효유의 8.34에 비해 콩가루와 유청단백질 첨가 강화발효유에서 8.05로 낮게 나타났으나, 이와는 대조적으로 총균수는 4주가 경과한 후 일반발효유의 3.90보다 강화발효유에서 4.02로 높게 나타났다. 조단백질 함량은 시료 100 g당 강화발효유가 8.77 g으로 대조구인 일반발효유보다 약 3.5배 높았으며, 조지방과 탄수화물 함량은 각각 4.21 g과 10.72 g으로 대조 구의 3.92 g과 9.28 g보다 약간 높았다. 식이섬유 함량은 콩가루 첨가의 영향으로 강화발효유에서 1.67 g으로 일반발효유보다 2.7배 높게 나타났다. 유리아미노산 분석결과, 단백질 강화발효유의 아미노산 함량이 일반발효유의 2.6 mg/ 100 g에 비해 37.9 mg/100 g으로 비약적으로 증가했을 뿐만 아니라, 필수 아미노산 비율도 34.6%에서 56.7%로 높게 분석되어 단백질 강화발효유가 영양적 측면에서 높은 가치를 나타낼 것으로 보인다. This study was carried out to investigate the quality characteristics of protein enriched fermented milk made with whey and soybean flour. Protein-enriched fermented milk was prepared as follows: Soybean flour was added before fermentation. No synthetic aroma was added. The fermentation starter culture was ABT-4 (Chr. Hansen). Whey protein was added after fermentation. Sensory evaluation indicated that sample containing soybean flour amount of 5% were better than other samples. The pH values and titratable acidities of stored protein-enriched fermented milk and fermented milk, respectively, were not remarkably different. Crude protein was more than 3 times higher in protein-enriched fermented milk (8.77%) than in fermented milk (2.49%). The crude fat content of protein-enriched fermented milk was not remarkably different compared to that of fermented milk. Dietary fiber was more than 2.7 times higher in protein-enriched fermented milk (1.67%) than in fermented milk (0.62%), and the free amino acid content was more than 14 times higher in protein-enriched fermented milk (37.9%) than in fermented milk (2.6%).

발효음료섭취시 재광화물질 적용에 따른 초기우식치아의 치아부식증 예방효과

김지은 ( Ji-eun Kim ),정성숙 ( Seong-soog Jeong ),정기호 ( Ki-ho Chung ),최충호 ( Choong-ho Choi ) 대한예방치과·구강보건학회 2020 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.44 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of preventing dental erosion caused by fermented milk in early carious teeth by applying 0.2% sodium fluoride to the tooth surface and adding 0.5% calcium to the drink. Methods: We selected the experimental drink Yakult, which is the best-selling domestic fermented milk drink. A total of five groups were selected as experimental groups (mineral water, fermented milk, 0.2% NaF+fermented milk, 0.2% NaF+(fermented milk+0.5% Ca), and 0.2% NaF+Distilled water groups). After forming the artificial early caries, the pH cycling was administered for five days to derive surface microhardness and scanning electron microscope (SEM) image results. Results: When comparing the surface microhardness before and after treatment in each group, significant differences were found among the four groups (P< 0.05), except in the fermented milk group (P >0.05). A comparison of the difference in surface microhardness before and after pH cycling among the groups revealed a significant difference (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference between the 0.2% NaF+(fermented milk+0.5% Ca) group, 0.2% NaF+distilled water group, and the mineral water group (P >0.05). The 0.2% NaF+fermented milk and fermented milk groups showed significant differences from the other groups (P< 0.05). In the SEM image, 0.2% NaF+(fermented milk+0.5% Ca), 0.2% NaF+distilled water, and mineral water groups (P >0.05) showed smoother surfaces than the 0.2% NaF+fermented milk and fermented milk groups. Conclusions: Based on these results, it was confirmed that if 0.5% calcium was included in the fermented milk along with the fluoride mouth rinsing program in schools using 0.2% fluoride every week when drinking fermented milk, it is possible to effectively prevent dental erosion even in early carious teeth.

Characterization of exopolysaccharide-producing lactic acid bacteria from Taiwanese ropy fermented milk and their application in low-fat fermented milk

Ng Ker-Sin,Chang Yu-Chun,Chen Yen-Po,Lo Ya-Hsuan,Wang Sheng-Yao,Chen Ming-Ju 아세아·태평양축산학회 2022 Animal Bioscience Vol.35 No.2

Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the exopolysaccharides (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria from Taiwanese ropy fermented milk (TRFM) for developing a clean label low-fat fermented milk. Methods: Potential isolates from TRFM were selected based on the Gram staining test and observation of turbid suspension in the culture broth. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and API CHL 50 test were used for strain identification. After evaluation of EPS concentration, target strains were introduced to low-fat milk fermentation for 24 h. Fermentation characters were checked: pH value, acidity, viable count, syneresis, and viscosity. Sensory evaluation of fermented products was carried out by 30 volunteers, while the storage test was performed for 21 days at 4°C. Results: Two EPS-producing strains (APL15 and APL16) were isolated from TRFM and identified as Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis subsp. cremoris. Their EPS concentrations in glucose and lactose media were higher than other published strains of Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris. Low-fat fermented milk separately prepared with APL15 and APL16 reached pH 4.3 and acidity 0.8% with a viable count of 9 log colony-forming units/mL. The physical properties of both products were superior to the control yogurt, showing significant improvements in syneresis and viscosity (p<0.05). Our low-fat products had appropriate sensory scores in appearance and texture according to sensory evaluation. Although decreasing viable cells of strains during the 21-day storage test, low-fat fermented milk made by APL15 exhibited stable physicochemical properties, including pH value, acidity, syneresis and sufficient viable cells throughout the storage period. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris APL15 isolated from TRFM had good fermentation abilities to produce low-fat fermented milk. These data indicate that EPS-producing lactic acid bacteria have great potential to act as natural food stabilizers for low-fat fermented milk. Objective: The aim of this study was to characterize the exopolysaccharides (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria from Taiwanese ropy fermented milk (TRFM) for developing a clean label low-fat fermented milk.Methods: Potential isolates from TRFM were selected based on the Gram staining test and observation of turbid suspension in the culture broth. Random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and API CHL 50 test were used for strain identification. After evaluation of EPS concentration, target strains were introduced to low-fat milk fermentation for 24 h. Fermentation characters were checked: pH value, acidity, viable count, syneresis, and viscosity. Sensory evaluation of fermented products was carried out by 30 volunteers, while the storage test was performed for 21 days at 4°C.Results: Two EPS-producing strains (APL15 and APL16) were isolated from TRFM and identified as Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis subsp. cremoris. Their EPS concentrations in glucose and lactose media were higher than other published strains of Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris. Low-fat fermented milk separately prepared with APL15 and APL16 reached pH 4.3 and acidity 0.8% with a viable count of 9 log colony-forming units/mL. The physical properties of both products were superior to the control yogurt, showing significant improvements in syneresis and viscosity (p<0.05). Our low-fat products had appropriate sensory scores in appearance and texture according to sensory evaluation. Although decreasing viable cells of strains during the 21-day storage test, low-fat fermented milk made by APL15 exhibited stable physicochemical properties, including pH value, acidity, syneresis and sufficient viable cells throughout the storage period.Conclusion: This study demonstrated that Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris APL15 isolated from TRFM had good fermentation abilities to produce low-fat fermented milk. These data indicate that EPS-producing lactic acid bacteria have great potential to act as natural food stabilizers for low-fat fermented milk.

유산균 발효유가 Streptococcus mutans의 생균수 및 biofilm 형성에 미치는 영향

신혜성,김선미,최남기,양규호,강미선 大韓小兒齒科學會 2009 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.36 No.3

유산균이 위장관과 구강건강에 probiotics로서 긍정적인 영향을 미치고 있음이 보고되고 있다. 이에 시판되는 유산균 발효유 5종과 우유를 선택하여 우식유발 원인균인 S. mutans에 대한 증식억제 및 biofilm 형성에 미치는 영향을 평가하고, 발효유의 산도, 완충능, 산생성능, 칼슘과 인의 함량을 측정하였다. 유산균 발효유에 S. mutans를 주입한 후 생균수를 측정한 결과 모든 발효유의 %가 증가함에 따라 S. mutans 수가 감소했으나 우유에서는 변화가 없었다. 10% 유산균 발효유에 S. mutans를 주입한 후 biofilm 형성 정도를 측정한 결과 액티브 GG, 불가리스는 biofilm 형성이 감소하였고, 이오는 유의한 변화가 없었으며, 투티, 에이스, 우유는 증가하였다(P<0.05). 유산균 발효유 및 우유의 산도를 측정한 결과 이오(3.48±0.01), 투티(3.67±0.02), 에이스(3.71±0.02), 액티브 GG(4.04±0.02), 불가리스(4.19±0.02) 순으로 나타났다. 유산균 발효유의 산생성능을 평가한 결과 불가리스가 가장 높은 산생성능을 보였으며 액티브 GG, 에이스, 투티, 이오, 우유 순으로 산도 하강 경향을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과는 유산균 발효유가 초기산도 및 산생성능 측정 결과 우식유발 가능성이 있음을 나타냈다. 그러나 유산균 발효유 중에서 농후발효유가 우식유발균인 S. mutans를 억제하였고 biofilm 형성을 감소시켜 긍정적인 효과를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. Lactic acid bacteria worked positively on gastrointestinal tract and oral environment. So I selected commercial five fermented milks and milk. and then I evaluated their effect of growth inhibition and biofilm formation of cariogenic bacteria. Streptococcus mutans. And also calculated the acidity. buffering capacity. concentration of Ca and P ion and pH change of those drinks. After adding S. mutans to fermented milks viable cell count of S. mutans in milk was not statistically different but those in all fermented milks were decreased as concentration of fermented milk increased. When I measured the amount of formed biofilm in 10% fermented milks and milk with S. mutans and compared with those without S. mutans. the amount was decreased in Active GG and Bulgaris while being increased in Tootee. Ace and milk(P<0.05). The fermented milk with the lowest pH value was E5(3.48±0.01). and the highest was Bulgaris(4.19±0.02). pH change of the fermented milks and milk with S. mutans was measured. The highest acid producing fermented milk was Bulgaris. and followed by Active GG, Ace, Tootee, E5, Milk. These results indicated that fermented milks had caries activity due to the value of initial acidity and acid producing capacity. But, concentrated fermented milks had the inhibitory effect against S. mutans, and also had high volume of Ca and P ion that protected teeth. So I suggest that they have positive effect on teeth.

Effects of fermented milk treatment on microbial population and metabolomic outcomes in a three-stage semi-continuous culture system

Cha, Kwang Hyun,Lee, Eun Ha,Yoon, Hyo Shin,Lee, Jae Ho,Kim, Joo Yun,Kang, Kyungsu,Park, Jin-Soo,Jin, Jong Beom,Ko, GwangPyo,Pan, Cheol-Ho Elsevier 2018 Food chemistry Vol.263 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We investigated the impact of a fermented milk product on gut microbiota and their metabolism in 3 different conditions of the colon with a systemic viewpoint. An <I>in vitro</I> semi-continuous anaerobic cultivation was used to assess the colon compartment-specific influence of fermented milk, followed by a multiomics approach combining 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The microbiome profiling and metabolomic features were significantly different across three colon compartments and after fermented milk treatment. Integrative correlation analysis indicated that the alteration of butyrate-producing microbiota (<I>Veillonella, Roseburia, Lachnospira,</I> and <I>Coprococcus</I>) and some primary metabolites (butyrate, ethanol, lactate, and isobutyrate) in the treatment group had a strong association with the fermented milk microorganisms. Our findings suggested that fermented milk treatment significantly affected microbial population in an <I>in vitro</I> cultivation system as well as the colonic metabolome in different ways in each of colon compartment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A fermented milk product was treated using an <I>in vitro</I> colonic fermentation. </LI> <LI> Three colon compartments showed an apparent microbial and metabolomic distinction. </LI> <LI> Fermented milk treatment induced an increase in butyrate-producing bacteria. </LI> <LI> There were clear changes in colonic primary metabolome after fermented milk treatment. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

녹차가루 첨가 발효유의 이화학적 특성과 항산화활성 및 저장성평가

여수빈,여수환,박희동,Yeo, Su-bin,Yeo, Soo-Hwan,Park, Heui-Dong 한국식품저장유통학회 2017 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.24 No.5

본 연구에서는 녹차가루의 첨가량을 0.5, 1, 2, 3%를 첨가한 발효유를 제조하고 이에 따른 품질특성, 항산화 활성 및 저장성을 평가하였다. 녹차가루를 첨가한 발효유에서 발효가 진행될수록 pH는 낮아졌으나 대조군에 비해 첨가군에서 높은 값을 나타내었고 적정산도 역시 발효가 진행될수록 증가하였으나 녹차가루의 첨가량이 증가할수록 적정 산도는 높아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 시간이 지날수록 유산균 수는 증가하였으나 대조군에 비해 적었으며 당도는 낮아졌다. 색도의 경우 녹차가루의 첨가량이 증가할수록 L 값과 a 값은 낮아졌고 b값은 증가하였다. DPPH radical 소거능과 FRAP에 대한 항산화활성은 녹차가루의 첨가량이 증가할수록 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 발효가 완료된 발효유를 $4^{\circ}C$에서 30일간 저장한 결과, pH와 적정산도, 유산균 수 모두 적정 발효유의 범위 내에 속하였으며 색도는 녹차의 갈변에 의한 적색도 값이 증가하였으나 큰 변화는 없었다. 이러한 결과로 보아 발효유 제조 시 녹차가루의 첨가는 발효유의 발효 및 품질특성에 부정적인 영향을 미치지 않고 건강기능성을 향상시켜 새로운 기능성 발효유로써의 개발 가능성을 확인하였다. With the goal of developing a new functional fermentation milk using green tea powder (GP), milk was fermented with direct vat set (DVS) starter culture containing Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus, Lactobacillus paracasei and L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus. We investigated fermentation characteristics and antioxidative activities of fermented milk supplemented with different concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, 3%) of GP. All samples were evaluated for pH, total acidity, viable cell count, and sugar contents. The pH of all samples decreased during fermentation, and the final pH ranged from 4.35 to 4.51. The acidity increased during fermentation, after the fermentation was completed, the titratable acidity was 0.8 to 1.1%. And viable cell count of all samples increased during fermentation, and the final viable cell count was 8.57 to 8.89 log CFU/mL. The sugar content decreased as the fermentation proceeded and finally reached 12 to $13^{\circ}Brix$. And increasing GP, decreased brightness and increased yellowness. Increasing GP concentration added to milk, improved DPPH free radical scavenging activity and ferric ion reducing activity of fermentation milk. The fermentation milk kept their pH, total acidity and viable cell counts standard of fermentation milk during the storage period at $4^{\circ}C$. These findings confirmed the possibility of development of the novel functional fermentation milk through the investigation of the quality characteristics of the fermentation milk added with GP.

Aspergillus oryzae로 발효한 자색당근을 첨가한 발효유의 품질 및 관능 특성에 관한 연구

신배근,강선아,한정인,박선민 한국식생활문화학회 2015 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.30 No.3

In this study, we compared the organoleptic and other qualities of fermented milk containing 10 or 15% purple carrot extract that had either been previously fermented with Aspergillus oryzae or not fermented. Fermentation characteristics, pH, chromaticity, viscosity, viable cell counts, and sensory evaluations were measured. The pH and acid values did not differ between purple carrot extract fermented with Aspergillus oryzae and non-fermented extract. Viable cell counts were significantly higher in 15% purple carrot extract fermented with Aspergillus oryzae compared to the control after fermentation. Regarding characteristic changes, purple carrot extract fermented with Aspergillus oryzae group showed a lower red value but higher yellow value compared with non-fermented purple carrot extract due to heat-sterilization. Both fermented and non-fermented extract groups showed significantly increased viscosity compared to control. In the sensory evaluation, 15% purple carrot extract fermented with Aspergillus oryzae showed the highest score. In conclusion, addition of 15% purple carrot extract fermented with Aspergillus oryzae resulted in a superior fermented milk product.

전통발효식품에서 분리한 유산균의 항균 활성 및 발효유 스타터 개발

박종혁 ( Jong Hyunk Park ),문혜정 ( Hye Jung Moon ),오전희 ( Jeon Hui Oh ),이주희 ( Joo Hee Lee ),최경민 ( Kyung Min Choi ),차정단 ( Jeong Dan Cha ),이태범 ( Tae Bum Lee ),이민정 ( Min Jeong Lee ),정후길 ( Hoo Kil Jung ) 한국식품저장유통학회(구 한국농산물저장유통학회) 2013 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.20 No.5

This study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from traditional fermented foods and to develop a new starter for fermented milk. The isolates were identified using 16S rDNA sequencing and named Lactobacillus plantarum A, Leuconostoc lactis B and L. acidophilus C. The activity of these strains to inhibit the growth of food-borne human pathogens (Escherichia coli NCTC 12923, Salmonella Typhimurium NCTC 12023, Listeria monocytogenes NCTC 11994) was measured using the paper disc method. All these strains showed strong antibacterial activity against Li. monocytogenes NCTC 11994. The experiment groups were the fermented milks with these strains, and the control group was the fermented milk with the commercial starter (ABT 5). The change of pH, acidity and viable cell counts were measured during their aging time. All the experiment groups showed a significant difference in their aging times compared to the control group. However, the sensory test showed that the experiment groups can be used as useful starters for fermented milk. This result suggests that L. plantarum A, Leu. lactis B and L. acidophilus C have the potential to be developed as new starters for fermented milk.