A Study on Korean Pungsu as an Adaptive Strategy

Han Suk Ock(옥한석) 대한지리학회 2007 대한지리학회지 Vol.42 No.5

풍수지리의 기본 개념인 생기가‘연중 일정한 온도가 유지되며 상대 습도의 큰 변동 없이 통풍이 잘되고 일조량이 상당한 조건을 갖춘 곳의 쾌적성’이라고 한다면 이는 생리적으로 comfort한 기후조건을 갖춘 곳이 된다. Terjung은 신체적으로 comfort한 기후 조건에 영향을 주는 요소로서 온도와 상대습도, 그리고 바람의 세기에 대하여 언급하고 comfort index, wind effect index를 개발하여 인간의 체감조건에 적용하였다. 따라서 풍수지리가 추구하는‘생기가 넘치는 곳’이‘보다 편안한 장소(more comfortable place)‘가 되면 풍수지리는 과학적인 분야로 자리매김할 수 있게 된다. 미국 코넥티컷주에서도 풍수의 기본형에 부합되는 장소로서 Hampton 시의 North Cemetry가 발견되어 한국 뿐 아니라 세계의 다른 어떤 지역에도 풍수가 적용될 수 있다. 한국이건 미국이건 풍수지리적으로 선정된 이른바 쾌적한 곳의 온도, 상대습도, 바람의 세기와 방향 등의 기후 자료가 있다면 Terjung의 견해와 더불어 특정 장소의 편안함이 밝혀질 수 있다. 이것은 같은 기후 지역 내에서 두 장소에 대한 서로 비교하는 자료가 요청되며 풍수지리는 특정 기후 조건 아래에서 보다 comfort한 곳을 찾는 인간의 적응 전략으로 자리매김하기에 충분하다. Humans have been searching for more comfortable places for centuries. The comfort concept which is related with vitality in Pungsu is closest to science. The comfort concept was introduced as being based upon measurable human physiological and psychological reactions. Two classification nomograms, the comfort index and the wind effect index were identified. The Pungsu concept can be applied in America, and one of them is North Cemetery located in the town of Hampton in northeastern Connecticut not far from Storrs campus, the University of Connecticut. The human reaction to comfort not only physiologically but also individually is various in various climate region. It is important to search for more comfortable places or to make up for less comfortable places with Pungsu as the adaptive strategy for the comfort.

조선인 ‘위안부’, 유동하는 표상 —91년 이전 김일면, 임종국의 ‘위안부’ 텍스트를 중심으로

이지은 만주학회 2018 만주연구 Vol.- No.25

This study investigated how the texts representing ‘comfort women’ were produced, distributed and translated before official testimonies about Korean ‘comfort women’ appeared. Unlike the official denial, prior to the first testimony, many representations of ‘comfort women’ were produced. These representations were often distorted depending on the speakers’ location and intentions. The texts representing ‘comfort women’ prior to 1991 are important in that they clearly depict how ‘comfort women’ were perceived as individual subjects of speech, and accordingly, how they were distorted and refracted. In addition, by examining the aspects of representation, the power relations still operating can be understood. This study investigated the texts written by Im Jong-guk, who would write the existence of ‘comfort women’ in the memory of the nation under this critical mind. Im Jong-guk extracted and cited contents related to ‘comfort women’ from war recordings and reminiscences published in Japan to reveal the reality of Korean ‘comfort women.’ The texts on ‘comfort women’ were supplemented, oscillating between studies of Im Jong-guk and studies of Korean-Japanese Kim Il-myeon. The appearance of ‘comfort women’ discovered in the retrospect of Japanese soldiers became expressed as the ‘rage’ on the empire, going through ‘Kim Il-myeon-Im Jong-guk,’ men of the nation. However, there were no accounts from Japanese soldiers’ perspectives on the assumption of their being ‘comforters.’ ‘Im Jong-guk-Kim Il-myeon’ wrote representations of ‘comfort women’ while they assimilated within gendered positions as ‘the comforted.’ Furthermore, the memoirs of “comfort women’ were distorted by publishing companies, translators, and so on. However, without raising any questions, only the parts needed were taken and quoted. By looking at the distortion patterns, this research explores the representative meanings behind “comfort women” in Korea and Japan. 이 글은 1991년 조선인 ‘위안부’의 공식적 증언이 나타나기 전, 한국과 일본 각기 다른 담론의 장에서 ‘위안부’를 어떻게 재현해 왔는지에 관하여 살펴보았다. 최초 증언 이전에도 ‘위안부’에 관한 재현은 많았고, 재현된 ‘위안부’의 모습은 발화자의 위치와 욕망에 의해 굴절되어 있었다. 91년 이전 ‘위안부’ 재현 텍스트는 각 발화 주체의 위치에서 ‘위안부’가 어떻게 인식되었으며, 이에 따라 어떻게 왜곡․굴절되었는지를 선명하게 보여준다는 점에서 중요하다. 먼저, ‘위안부’는 참전 군인의 회고 속에서 등장했다. ‘위안부’는 참전 병사들의 기록 속에서 전쟁과 군국주의를 향수하게 하는 소재로써, 혹은 그 시절을 ‘위안’하는 존재로 재현되었다. 나아가 전쟁기록물의 출판 상황과 맞물려 전시 성폭력은 남성 판타지를 충족시켜주는 서사로 왜곡되어 소비되었다. 한편 임종국과 재일학자 김일면은 공식 증언자도 문서도 없던 시절 군인․군속들의 회고에서 발견되는 ‘위안부’의 모습을 수집하여 그 존재를 증명하려고 했다. 그들에 의해 재현된 ‘위안부’는 제국에 의해 훼손된 민족과 등가적 의미를 지닌다. 이러한 인식 하에서 ‘위안부’의 참상 곧, ‘훼손된 육체’를 강조하면 강조할수록 제국에 대한 적개심도 비례하여 커진다. 그러나 여기에는 이미 순결 이데올로기가 전제되어 있고, 따라서 정작 ‘위안부’ 피해자는 ‘훼손된 존재’로서 사회에 드러날 수 없게 된다. 이러한 인식은 근본적으로 남성중심적인 사고 안에서 가능한 것이고, ‘민족-제국’의 남성이 공유하는 기반 위에서 ‘위안부’는 다시 ‘위안하는 존재’로 타자화되었다.

Determination of an acceptable comfort zone for apartment occupants in South Korea: An empirical analysis of cooling operation

Ryu, Ji Hye,Hong, Won Hwa,Seo, Hyun Cheol,Seo, Youn Kyu Elsevier 2017 Building and Environment Vol.125 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Occupants of apartment blocks tend to wear less clothing and exhibit lower metabolic rates than occupants of other building types. Further, the use of air conditioning systems to maintain certain comfort levels within living spaces automatically generates financial cost.</P> <P>Therefore, in this study, an acceptable comfort range that differs from the conventional normative comfort range was established. A thermal comfort control method was designed to satisfy both the economic and comfort requirements, and experiments were conducted accordingly. Subsequently, empirical data on cooling were obtained via surveys and measurements and employed to derive regression equations for the thermal sensation vote, comfort sensation vote, and percentage dissatisfaction, which indicate occupant comfort. The derived regression equations were used to graph the comfort range, and the overlap region was plotted on a psychrometric chart to enable identification of an acceptable comfort zone.</P> <P>The suggested acceptable comfort zone, which applies to apartment blocks in Korea, is outside the conventionally recommended comfort zone and can satisfy various occupant preferences, contribute to reducing energy consumption, and facilitate maintenance of comfortable living environments.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Empirical cooling data were used to derive regression equations for occupant comfort. </LI> <LI> The thermal and comfort sensation votes and percent dissatisfaction were analyzed. </LI> <LI> A thermal control method meeting economic and comfort requirements was established. </LI> <LI> An acceptable thermal comfort range for Korean apartments was identified empirically. </LI> <LI> This range can reduce energy consumption and satisfy various occupant preferences. </LI> </UL> </P>

입원 환자의 사회적 지지와 안위에 관한 연구

조은숙,김경희 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2003 중앙간호논문집 Vol.7 No.2

As the quality of 1iving continues to get better, the demand of comfort of patients in admission is now being required more and more resulting in the need for it to be accomplished. Many research papers also show that the social support is extremely crucial in the patient nursing. The purpose of this research is that we estimate the level of the social support and the comfort of patients in admission, while analysing the relationship between the two variables, and try to suggest the basic data of the development of nursing intervention for the patient comfort. The subjects of this investigation were 191 inpatients in two University Hospitals located in Seoul, Korea and the data were collected for 13 days from August 26 to September 7. by using the questionnaire method after patient's permission to fully cooperate with this study. The measurements of the social support were performed with the measurement method which analyse the social support perceived indirectly, developed by J-W Park(1985). And the comfort was measured by 5points-scale that the author modified the method of the comfort measurement developed by Kolcaba(1991). The reliability of theses measurements was Cronbach's α=0.96 for the social support and Cronbach's α=0.91 for the comfort. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS program. The general characteristics of inpatients were analyzed by calculating the real quantity and the percentage, and the social support and the comfort were identified through calculating the mean value of individual domain and standard deviation. The difference of the general characteristics between the social support and the comfort was analysed by t-test and ANOVA Furthermore, the correlation of the general characteristics between the social support and the comfort was analysed by measuring Pearson's coefficient. The results of this study were as follows: 1. The average value for the social support of inpatients was 92.75(SD=17.75) among the possible ranges of 25-125. In the cases of the lower domains of the social support, the average value for the emotional support was 41.80(SD=8.14), 18.65(SD=3.65) for the evaluation support, 17.60(SD=4.05) for the materialistic support, and 14.72(SD=3.40) for the informational support. 2. The average value for the comfort of inpatients was 160.32(SD=19.68) among the possible ranges of 48-250, showing the scale more than the average value(105.0) 3. The analysis of the social support according to general characteristics of inpatients showed the statistically significant difference on sex(t=-2.74 p=0.007), age(F=3.14, p=0.026) and educational background(F=6.31, p=0.002). 4. In the comfort, there was no statistically significant difference according to general characteristics of inpatient. 5. There was a positive correlation(r=0.563, p=0.000) between the social support and the comfort. Form the results above mentioned, we observed the positive correlation between the social support and the comfort. So the comfort can be expected to be accomplished by developing or providing the nursing intervention on basis of the individual and whole man according to the individual social support of inpatients. Based on the results so far achieved, we suggest as follows: 1. The researches for the related factors influencing on the social support and e comfort must be performed. 2. Being crucial in the nursing intervention to inpatients. the level of the social support and the comfort need to be studied repeatedly by the methods of measurement already developed so far.

Case study of an advanced integrated comfort control algorithm with cooling, ventilation, and humidification systems based on occupancy status

Kim, Sun Ho,Moon, Hyeun Jun Pergamon Press 2018 Building and environment Vol.133 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, we propose a new control algorithm based on occupancy status for indoor environmental devices to maintain thermal comfort while saving energy of residential buildings. The algorithm consists of two parts: an environmental data driven model for the occupancy status detection and an integrated comfort algorithm for operating the indoor devices. To detect the occupancy status, a multinomial logistic regression model is developed based on the data obtained from passive infrared (PIR) sensors, a door sensor, CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentrations, and lighting electricity consumption. The occupancy status is categorized into three classes: away, active, and inactive (sleep).</P> <P>The new control algorithm integrates and operates air-conditioning, ventilation, and humidification systems by considering the outdoor environment, and ensuring indoor thermal comfort and energy savings at each occupancy status. The control algorithm is evaluated at different outdoor conditions with a testbed that consists of a variable refrigerant flow (VRF) air conditioning system, humidifier, and ventilation system.</P> <P>The performance of the proposed control algorithm is experimentally compared with that of a conventional individual control method in terms of the thermal comfort and energy consumption. The results show that the advanced integrated comfort control system improves the thermal comfort and decreases the energy consumption. Specifically, Case 1 (active, hot, and mild humidity) exhibits a 6.3% energy reduction and 64% improvement in the thermal comfort. Case 2 (active, hot, and low humidity) shows a 21% energy reduction and 72% improvement in the thermal comfort. Case 3 (inactive, comfort indoors) displays a 7% energy increase and 31% improvement in the thermal comfort. These results confirm that the proposed advanced integrated comfort control algorithm could be useful for designing better space environmental control to ensure thermal comfort and energy conservation.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A control algorithm for maintaining thermal comfort based on occupancy status while saving energy is proposed. </LI> <LI> To detect occupancy status, an environmental data driven model was developed using a multinomial logistic regression model. </LI> <LI> To ensure indoor thermal comfort and energy saving, a control algorithm that integrates systems is proposed. </LI> </UL> </P>

Performance based thermal comfort control (PTCC) using deep reinforcement learning for space cooling

Yoon, Young Ran,Moon, Hyeun Jun Elsevier 2019 Energy and buildings Vol.203 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>With the recent increase in energy consumption in buildings, energy-saving strategies in buildings have become a priority in the energy policies of many countries. Therefore, many recent research studies have emphasized the advanced control methods to attain comfortable thermal conditions while minimizing the energy consumption in buildings. A new approach of thermal comfort control for space cooling/heating system is needed to reflect the changing indoor environment information in real time, and to control various factors (e.g., humidity, air velocity, etc.) that affect not only the temperature but also the thermal comfort.</P> <P>In this study, we propose the Gaussian process regression (GPR) for real-time thermal comfort prediction, a data-driven approach. These data-driven approaches will enable the monitoring of occupants and thermal comfort conditions based on real-time data and situational awareness. Then, based on the thermal comfort performance (PMV) prediction results obtained using the GPR, we investigated control methods involving the integration of systems, i.e., a variable refrigerant flow (VRF) system and a humidifier, instead of using simple set-temperature control for space cooling. For this purpose, deep Q-learning, which is an reinforcement learning method, was employed to derive the VRF and humidification integrated control methods. During zone operation, this algorithm learned an effective control policy based on rewards (thermal comfort and energy consumption) without relying on a thermal dynamics model. Moreover, by comparing the thermal comfort and energy consumption results with those obtained using fixed set-point (rule-based) control and performance-based comfort control for cooling, the efficiency of the proposed performance-based thermal comfort control (PTCC) was evaluated.</P> <P>As a results, it was found that PTCC yielded the optimal control action value that minimized the energy consumption while satisfying the thermal comfort conditions. In addition, applying the proposed PTCC strategy to cooling control could maintain the required performance level of thermal comfort by reflecting changing environmental conditions in real time, unlike the fixed set-point control.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PTCC (Performance based thermal comfort control) provides the optimal control scheme that minimizes energy consumption while satisfying the thermal comfort conditions. </LI> <LI> We developed a co-simulation framework based on GPR-based thermal comfort model and deep Q-learning algorithm. </LI> <LI> We developed the GPR-based PMV prediction model using commonly monitored data such as temperature and relative humidity. </LI> <LI> PTCC achieved the energy-saving control without excessively lowering the PMV and not exceeding the criteria. </LI> </UL> </P>

Combined effects of acoustic, thermal, and illumination conditions on the comfort of discrete senses and overall indoor environment

Yang, Wonyoung,Moon, Hyeun Jun Elsevier 2019 Building and Environment Vol.148 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Humans perceive environments through the interaction and integration among various sensory stimuli. While research on multisensory interaction research has increased over the last few decades in the fields of cognitive neuroscience and neurophysiology, the effect of multisensory interaction on indoor environmental perception, including thermal comfort, acoustic comfort, visual comfort, and indoor environmental comfort, has not been comprehensively understood. This study investigated the influence of multisensory interaction on acoustic comfort, thermal comfort, visual comfort, and indoor environmental comfort with three physical indoor environmental factors, i.e., acoustic, thermal, and illumination conditions in an environmentally controlled laboratory. Three homogenous room temperatures (20, 25, and 30 °C) and illuminance levels were chosen (150, 500, and 1000 lx). For each of the nine configurations, four different types of sound (babble, fan, music, and water) with four sound levels (45, 55, 65, and 75 dBA) were presented for 25 s each. Sixty university students participated in all the test configurations and provided responses on their subjective comfort of discrete senses and the overall indoor environment.</P> <P>The results indicate that acoustic comfort increases at thermoneutrality, thermal comfort increases with a decrease in the noise level at 500 lx, and visual comfort increases with a decrease in the noise level at thermoneutrality. Indoor environmental comfort increases with a decrease in the noise level at thermoneutrality in brighter conditions. Although a specific physical indoor environmental factor has the greatest effect on the corresponding sensory comfort, other physical factors also affect the perception of subjective comfort. In steady-state thermal and illumination conditions with time-varying sound stimuli, the effect of acoustic factors was the greatest on indoor environmental comfort, followed by room temperature and illuminance. Thus, it can be concluded that the impact of acoustics on indoor environmental comfort was the greatest among the three environmental factors tested in this study.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The effects of multisensory interactions were investigated in steady-state thermal and luminous conditions with time-varying sound stimuli. </LI> <LI> Thermal comfort and visual comfort were affected by acoustic, thermal, and illumination conditions. </LI> <LI> Acoustic comfort was affected by acoustic and thermal conditions. </LI> <LI> All the physical factors tested in the study influenced indoor environmental comfort. </LI> <LI> Time-varying acoustic factors had a higher effect size on the overall indoor environmental comfort. </LI> <LI> Effects of gender appeared to differ in the range of each physical factor. </LI> </UL> </P>

HOW TO IMPROVE P2P SHARING-SERVICE QUALITY: THE MODERATING ROLE OF THE FORM OF ADDRESS ON THE EFFECT OF INCONGRUENCE IN GENDER AND RACE ON PERCEIVED SOCIAL DISTANCE

Juyoung Kang,Sooyun Kim,Sunmee Choi,Heejin Kim 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2018 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2018 No.07

Introduction Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth in peer to peer (P2P) sharing-service businesses such as Uber and Airbnb. In P2P sharing-service businesses, goods or services are provided by customers (peers) rather than by service firms, who act simply as an intermediary between customers. One customer acts as a service-providing customer (SPC), and the other as a service-receiving customer (SRC). P2P sharing-service firms have no direct control over an SPC’s quality of service provided to an SRC. Further, both SPCs and SRCs are customers to the firm, and therefore firms are concerned with the quality of service provided not only to SRCs but also to SPCs. In the P2P sharing-service context, particularly in the case of services serving the needs of diverse travelers (e.g., Uber or Airbnb), SPCs and SRCs can be people of different genders and races, which can cause them to feel socially distant from each other. Since SPCs are not professional service employees, they may not know how to cope with the social distance, which can result in uncomfortable service experience for both SPCs and SRCs. The more similar to the SPC an SRC feels, the more comfortable the SRC is likely to feel, which can lead to higher service satisfaction. Yet, few studies examined how such social distance can be reduced. This study is intended to fill this gap in the research. Specifically, we propose that an SPC’s form of address for SRC can moderate the effect of the incongruence in gender and race on an SRC’s perceived social distance. Theoretical Development Social distance refers to the level of acceptance people have of others outside of their own social group or class (Bogardus, 1928). It is a measure of perceived difference (or distance) between groups. In the context of the P2P sharing service, SRCs and SPCs can be from diverse social groups. When an SRC encounters an SPC from a social group that is different from theirs, the SRC can feel socially distant from the SPC. Immediate differences an SRC can identify upon meeting an SPC is demographic such as gender, age and race. In this study, we first propose that the difference (incongruence) in gender, age and race makes an SRC feel socially distant from an SPC. Social distance is closely related with similarity (Osbeck & Moghaddam, 1997; Liviatan, Trope & Liberman, 2009). In the context of mentoring, the higher the perceived and actual similarity a portage feels with a mentor, the higher the level of the portage liking and satisfaction for the mentor and with the mentoring service (Ensher, 1997). Matching gender and race between a mentor and a portage positively influenced self-reported grade point average, efficacy and confidence of a portage (Blake-Beard et al. 2011). Race was well demonstrated to influence social distance (Triandis & Triandis, 1960). Taken together, we conjecture that the effect of the difference in gender and race on social distance will apply to the P2P sharing service context and propose the following hypothesis: H1: The incongruence in gender and race between an SRC and an SPC will make SRCs feel more socially distant from SPCs compared to the case of congruence. We propose in this study that the form of address for SRCs by SPCs can influence the level of social distance SRCs feel because of the incongruence in gender and race. The relationship between forms of address and social distance has been proposed (Brown, 1965). Intimate terms of address is associated with intimate relationship. Intimate terms of address is inversely proportional to social distance (Keshavarz, 2001). Calling someone by the first name is related with friendliness (Brown, 1961). The use of first name is positively associated with closeness in relationship (Brown, 1965). An empirical study in the healthcare context showed that most patients preferred to be addressed by the first name (as opposed to last name) (Gillette, Filak & Thorne, 1984). Taken together, we propose the following: H2: Intimate forms of address by the SPC for the SRC will reduce the level of social distance caused by the incongruence in gender and race. We propose that the level of perceived social distance influences the level of comfort SRCs feel with the SPC during the service delivery. The negative effect of social distance on the level of interaction comfort has been shown (Paswan & Ganesh, 2005). In the context of service encounters where customers feel cultural differences, psychological distance was shown to influence comfort negatively (Weiermair, 2000). Since social distance is a dimension of psychological distance (Trope & Liberman, 2011), we propose the effect of social distance on comfort as following: H3: Reduced social distance will lead to a higher level of comfort. The effect of social distance on comfort can vary by customers. In this study, we propose that the effect is moderated by the customer’s motive for the purchase of the P2P sharing service. There are largely four movies for customers who participate in collective consumptions (i.e., sharing service): economic motive, social motive, hedonic motive, and the motive to reduce risks and responsibilities (Benoit, Baker, Bolton, Gruner & Kandampully, 2017). Economic motives are associated with reducing expenses, and social motives are with meeting other people (e.g. more authentic travel) (Benoit et al., 2017). Hedonic motives are related with “accessing products that are exciting or normally out of reach” while motives to reduce risks and responsibilities are related with “no burdens of ownership, option to preview a product for potential purchase” (Benoit et al., 2017). According to a research in the context of P2P accommodations, cost saving, familiarity, trust, and utility are determinants of satisfaction with a sharing option. Thus, we propose that customer motives moderate the effect of social distance on comfort (M?hlmann, 2015). H4: The effect of social distance on comfort vary by customer motives for purchase. When feeling comfortable, people are more likely to trust, feel satisfied, and commit themselves, which can help improve relationship (Spake, Beatty, Brockman & Crutchfield. 2003). Comfort positively influences perceived service quality and satisfaction (Dabholkar, Shepherd & Thorpe, 2000). Comfort influences satisfaction positively (Paswan & Ganesh, 2005). In the P2P sharing-service context, SRCs’ evaluation of SPCs are carried out by reviews. Customer reviews of SPCs’ services are vitally important for both SRCs and SPCs. Reviews help other SRCs to identify desirable SPCs (Ert, Fleischer & Magen, 2016) and SPCs to receive feedback for their service quality improvement. Therefore, we propose the following: H5: Comfort leads to SRC’s intention to write good reviews. Data Collection Data will be collected from American consumers who have used Uber at least once in the past one year through an online scenario-based survey using a 2 (genders: male vs. female) x 3 (races: white vs. yellow vs. black) x 3 (forms of address: no address vs. first name vs. last name) between-subject experimental design. Hypotheses will be tested by an analysis of variance and a structural equation modeling analysis. In the analyses, the potential effects of trust, familiarity, community belonging, utility (M?hlmann, 2015) and age will be controlled. Implications Findings of this study will reveal the importance of reducing social distance that SRCs feel during encounters with SPCs. Of many possible ways to reduce social distance between SRCs and SPCs, the result of this study will show that SPCs’ use of appropriate form of address to SRCs is effective. Further, it will show that the effect of social distance on customer comfort can vary by the purpose of the use of the sharing service. These findings will offer P2P service firms insights on how to help SPCs offer more comfortable services to SRCs and as a result receive positive reviews from SRCs.

폴리우레탄 폼 물성인자 기반 자동차 시트 컴포트 추정식 개발

김민재,권도훈,이성훈,임병국,유희천 대한인간공학회 2022 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.41 No.4

Objective: The present study is intended to identify the material properties of PU foam through reviews of journal papers and technical documents and develop regression models to estimate seat comfort based on the material properties of PU foam. Background: Automobile seat comfort is affected by the shape and size of the seat and its location in the driving workstation as well as the material properties of polyurethane foam (PU foam) and seat cover. Method: A total of 16 material properties of PU foam were identified in the present study, the PU foam property data were extracted using the stress-strain curve data of 28 seats, and outliers were identified. Then, the regression models of seat comfort were constructed by applying the stepwise regression technique to the PU form and seat comfort data. Results: The adjusted coefficients of determination (adj. R2) of the seat comfort regression models were found 7.7% to 89.4%. Conclusion: An Excel-based seat comfort estimation system consisting of the input of PU foam factors, the estimation of seat comfort, the addition of new stress-strain data, and the update of seat comfort regression models was developed to efficiently apply the developed seat comfort estimation models to the design of PU foam. Application: The seat comfort estimation models developed in the present study would be of use to determine the material properties of PU foam for better seat comfort.

A Study on Textile Design Preferences in Outdoor Clothing According to New Senior Women``s Psychological Comfort

( Min Nyoung Seo ),( Young Seok Koo ) 한국패션비즈니스학회 2016 패션 비즈니스 Vol.20 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the differences in color, pattern, and texture of functional materials of outdoor clothing according to new senior women``s psychological comfort. The data were collected from 163 female respondents aged 55-64 living in Busan. The results of the study are as follows. First, both the high and low psychological comfort groups preferred soft material the most. The high psychological comfort group particularly preferred soft textures and highly evaluated textured material in general. Second, both groups mostly preferred plain patterns while the high psychological comfort group preferred the dot pattern more. Third, in terms of colors, the high psychological comfort group preferred navy and purple, while the low psychological comfort group preferred brown. As to achromatic colors, both groups preferred black the most with the high psychological comfort group preferred gray and white more than the other group. Fourth, the high psychological comfort group preferred colors and patterns of clothing that made one look the most slimming, while the low psychological comfort group strongly preferred colors and patterns of clothes. Therefore, our results suggest that new senior women have a strong interest in outdoor clothing, not only in terms of textile functions, but also having interest in textile designs. In particular, the new silver women value psychological comfort in colors more than patterns of textile design.