Geiger Muller Tube를 이용한 X-ray 감지기의 설계

이재철(Jaecheol Lee),고대식(Daesik Ko) 한국정보기술학회 2006 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.4 No.6

In this paper, a X-ray detector using Geiger Muller tube has been implemented and analyzed. The X-rat detector using Geiger tube gives some advantage ofsimple design and low cost implementation compare with other x-ray detection. Geiger Muller Tube principles has been studied and X-ray detector system using pulse shaper spurious, detection level clipping and A/D converting circuits has been constructed . In experimental results using weak X-rayand strong X-ray, it has been shown that designed X-ray detector can detect X-ray in air. We used X-ray, 40KVpp / 50mA/1000msec, as a weak X-ray, and 100KVpp / 320mA/320msec, as a strong X-ray. And designed X-ray detector also could process Digital X-ray signal by A/D converting and, it has been shown that we could count intensity of detected X-ray signal by using digital X-ray signal.

X-ray tube 내 열유동 해석에 관한 연구

윤동민,서병석,전용한,Yun, Dong-Min,Seo, Byung-Suk,Jeon, Yong-Han 한국금형공학회 2021 한국금형공학회지 Vol.15 No.1

As the aging ages, the disease also increases, and the development of AI technology and X-ray equipment used to treat patients' diseases is also progressing a lot. X-ray tube converts only 1% of electron energy into X-ray and 99% into thermal energy. Therefore, when the cooling time of the anode and the X-ray tube are frequently used in large hospitals, the amount of X-ray emission increases due to temperature rise, the image quality deteriorates due to the difference in X-ray dose, and the lifespan of the overheated X-ray tube may be shortened. Therefore, in this study, temperature rise and cooling time of 60kW, 75kW, and 90kW of X-ray tube anode input power were studied. In the X-ray Tube One shot 0.1s, the section where the temperature rises fastest is 0.03s from 0s, and it is judged that the temperature has risen by more than 50%. The section in which the temperature drop changes most rapidly at 20 seconds of cooling time for the X-ray tube is 0.1 seconds to 0.2 seconds, and it is judged that a high temperature drop of about 65% or more has occurred. After 20 seconds of cooling time from 0 seconds to 0.1 seconds of the X-ray tube, the temperature is expected to rise by more than 3.7% from the beginning. In particular, since 90kW can be damaged by thermal shock at high temperatures, it is necessary to increase the surface area of the anode or to require an efficient cooling system.

임상용 X선관을 이용한 X-ray PIV시스템의 개발

임대현(Dae-hyun Yim),김국배(Guk Bae Kim),김도일(Do-Il Kim),이형구(Hyong-Koo Lee),이상준(Sang Joon Lee) 한국유체기계학회 2006 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

A new medical X-ray PIV technique was developed using a conventional medical X-ray tube. To acquire images of micro-scale particles, the X-ray PIV system consists of an x-ray CCD camera with high spatial resolution, and a X-ray tube with small a focal spot. A new X-ray exposure control device was developed using a rotating disc shutter to make double pulses which are essential for PIV application. Synchronization methodology was also developed to apply the PIV technique to a conventional medical X-ray tube. In order to check the performance and usefulness of the developed X-ray PIV technique,it was applied to a glycerin flow in an opaque silicon tube. Tungsten particles which have high X-ray absorption coefficient were used as tracer particles. Through this preliminary test, the spatial resolution was found to be higher than ultrafast MRI techniques, and the temporal resolution was higher than conventional X-ray PIV techniques. By improving its performance further and developing more suitable tracers, this medical X-ray PIV technique will have strong potential in the fields of medical imaging or nondestructive inspection as well as diagnosis of practical thermo-fluid flows.

응급의료에서 이용될 휴대용 디지털 X-ray 전원장치 개발

조동헌,구경완,양해술,Cho, Dong-Heon,Koo, Kyung-Wan,Yong, Hae-Sool 한국조명전기설비학회 2006 조명·전기설비학회논문지 Vol.20 No.1

X-ray 발생 장치는 X-ray를 촬영할 수 있는 곳에 장착하는 고정 방식과 환자가 있는 병실로 장치를 움직여 X-ray를 촬영할 수 있도록 하는 이동 방식으로 구분할 수 있다. 환자의 상태에 따라 이동 방식은 매우 유용할 수 있지만 병원 내의 AC220[V]를 사용해야 하는 제약이 있었다. 병원으로부터 원거리에 있는 응급환자를 진단하거나 대형 사고에 의한 재난에서 환자를 분류하는 경우 응급 센터의 의사의 역할이 매우 제한적이었다. 따라서 본 연구는 사고 현장이나 이동 중인 구급차 내에서 X-ray 촬영이 가능한 X-ray 전원 장치를 개발하였고 다음과 같은 특성을 얻을 수 있었다. 첫째, X-ray를 발생하기 위한 장치의 전원은 휴대가 간편한 밧데리(DC12[V])를 사용하였다. 둘째, 제어회로는 PIC16F84A를 사용하여 X-ray 발생 장치의 신뢰성을 확보하였고 기능을 다양하게 제공할 수 있었다. 이 특성을 적용한 휴대용 디지털 X-ray발생 장치는 사고 현장에서 X-ray를 촬영하고 환자의 정보를 응급센터에 전달하여 의사의 적절한 처방을 받는 미래 지향적인 응급의료체제가 가능하도록 기여할 것으로 기대된다. The existing X-ray generators are either ones which are settled at fixed places or ones which are movable to sick rum. Movable generators can be very useful according to the circumstances of patients, but there remains a restraint that AC220[V] in the hospitals must be provided. When examining a first-aid patient who stays distant from the hospital or when grouping patients caused by disaster, the services of doctors at emergency centers should be very restrictive. Hence, this study developed a portable digital X-ray power supply unit that are utilizable at the accident spot or in a moving ambulance. By using the nit, the information of patients can be transmitted to the emergency center on the spot and thereby doctors can make a correct diagnosis. The properties of the unit are as follows: First, portable batteries(DCl2[V]) are utilized as electric source for the wit. Second PIC16F84A is utilized as control circuit in order to guarantee considerable reliance and to provide various functions. This portable digital X-ray power supply unit is expected to contribute to the emergency medical service system to be more advanced.

X선 촬영에서 조사야 크기에 따른 산란선량의 변화

최성관(Seong-Kwan Choi) 한국콘텐츠학회 2013 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.13 No.3

본 연구에서는 손, 머리, 복부 등에 대한 X선 촬영 시행 시 조사야 크기를 최적화할 경우와 최대화할 경우 검사목적부위로부터 30cm 거리에서의 X선 산란선량이 각각 어느 정도인지를 알아보았다. 그 결과 손, 머리, 복부 등에 대한 X선 산란선량은 첫째, 소인촬영의 경우 조사야 크기를 최적화하였을 때 각각 0.08 μSv, 4.39 μSv, 5.56 μSv로 나타났고, 조사야 크기를 최대화하였을 때 각각 0.58 μSv, 33.47 μSv, 35.93 μSv로 나타났으며, 둘째, 성인촬영의 경우 조사야 크기를 최적화하였을 때 각각 0.40 μSv, 14.51 μSv, 18.86 μSv로 나타났고, 조사야 크기를 최대화하였을 때 각각 2.78 μSv, 107.40 μSv, 117.52 μSv로 나타났다(P<0.001). 결론적으로, X선 촬영 시 조사야 크기를 필요한 만큼만으로 최대한 줄여주어 최적화시켰을 때에 최대화시켰을 때보다 피사체 주변의 X선 산란선 발생량은 약 6∼7배 정도 감소하였다. The purpose of this study is to investigate the scattered dose of X-ray at a distance of 30cm from the area to be examined when X-ray field is the most optimized and maximized when X-ray is performed on hand, skull and abdomen. As a result of scattered dose of X-ray on hand, skull and abdomen, first, when X-ray field was the most optimized upon adult X-ray examination, it was 0.08 μSv, 4.39 μSv and 5.56 μSv, respectively. When x-ray field was maximized, it was 0.58 μSv, 33.47 μSv and 35.93 μSv, respectively. Second, when X-ray field was the most optimized upon pediatric X-ray examination, it was 0.40 μSv, 14.51 μSv and 18.86 μSv, respectively. When x-ray field was maximized, it was 2.78 μSv, 107.40 μSv and 117.52 μSv, respectively(P<0.001). As a result, when the size of X-ray field was decreased down to be necessary and optimal upon X-ray examination, emission of scattered X-ray around specimen is reduced approximately 6?7 times as much as that when it was maximized.

W-target 투과 양극형 x-ray tube의 개발

김성수(Sung-Soo Kim),김도윤(Do-yun Kim) 한국정보기술학회 2007 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2007 No.-

W-targer 투과양극형 x-ray tube를 개발하고, 특성을 조사하였다. 관전압이 12kV이하에서는 연속 x-ray만 방출되었고, 12kV 이상에서부터 특성 x-ray가 관측되었다. 연속 x-ray와 특성 x-ray의 에너지 분포 및 선량 특성을 조사한 결과 알려진 결과와 잘 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 상용화된 제품과의 비교에서, 기존 제품 이상의 성능을 가질 수 있음을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서 개발된 x-ray tube는 상용화할 수 있을 만큼 충분히 우수한 특성을 가지고 있음을 확인하였다. The x-ray transmission W-target tube was developed and its characteristics was evaluated. The continuous x-ray was emitted at the tube voltage less than 12kV, and the characteristic x-ray was emitted more than 12kV. From the measurement of the energy distribution and dose of x-ray, it was confirmed that our results are a good agreement with the known ones. Moreover, in comparison with commercial x-ray tube, it was also found that the characteristics of our x-ray tube is better than the commercial one. Therefore we confirmed that the x-ray tube developed in this study is so good that it can commercialize.

X-ray 의료진단기를 위한 무선트리거발생기

이채철(Jaecheol Lee),고대식(Daesik Ko),이주신(Jooshin Lee),박종구(JongGoo Park) 한국정보기술학회 2007 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2007 No.-

본 연구에서는 x-ray 이미지 획득장치 장치와 X-ray 발생기 사이에 상호 동기를 무선방식으로 실현하여 기존의 장비사이의 호환성 문제와 설치상의 문제점을 극복하고, 촬영 시 실제 발생되는 x-ray 신호의 정확한 시점에서 이미지를 획득하여 보다 개선된 영상을 얻을 수 있도록 연구하여 보았다. 본 연구를 구현하기 위하여 X-ray 발생기로부터의 X-ray 신호레벨을 원격 감지하여 디지털 x-ray 이미지 획득장치에 필요한 Trigger pulse ACQ_START 신호와 ACQ_END 신호를 발생시키는 트리거 발생기를 설계 제작하고 그 성능을 연구분석 하였다. In this paper, we propose a method of trigger pulse generation to capture the image on time by making a synchronization between the x-ray generator and digital x-ray image acquisition system. we designed a wireless trigger pulse generation circuit to make a synchronization between x-ray generator and digital image acquisition system and analysis its performance. The X -ray radiated from x-ray generator is detected by this method using Geigertube. When it starts to detect a certain level of x-rayradiation or above from the air, this method starts to generate a ACQ_START signal to indicate the timing for image acquisition starting from digital image acquisition system. Hence, when it starts to detect under certain level of x-ray signal from the air, this method starts to generate a ACC_END signal to indicate the timing for image acquisition stop from digital image acquisition system. Image acquisition is activated only this time between ACQ_START and ACQ_END signal. By doing this wireless detecting of x-ray signal from remote, we can get more accurate timing for capturing the x-ray image and any type of x-ray generator can be connected to digital image acquisition system, regards of wired protocol. This makes easy installation.

일반촬영용 고주파 인버터식 X선장치의 물리적특성에 관한 연구

안상경,경광현,박기정,이인수,한상용,최종학,김형국 국립보건연구원 1994 국립보건원보 Vol.31 No.2

X-ray를 활용한 위해물품 판독에 대한 방법론 연구

이용강,소대섭,신승균,전제환 한국융합과학회 2023 한국융합과학회지 Vol.12 No.10

연구목적 광범위하게 활용되는 2D X-ray를 활용한 위해물품 판독에 대한 방법론을 제시하기 위함이다. 연구방법 2D X-ray의 특징과 판독영상의 취약점을 분석하고 기존 X-ray 판독이론을 종합적으로고려하여, CBT 프로그램과 직접 촬영한 영상 중에서 사례영상을 추출하여 X-ray 영상판독 방법론여섯 가지를 제안하였다. 실험결과 X-ray 영상분석의 3요소는 형태, 색상 및 밀도이며, 형태분석 시정형화된 위해물품의 형태를 기억하여야 하며, 색상분석 시 위해물품의 화합물 분자식을 이해하고색상을 유추가 필요하며, 밀도분석 시는 밀도가 높을수록 원소 고유의 색에서 짙은 색상을 띠는 것을확인하였다. 또한 소극적 영역에 대한 판독 강화가 필요하며, 마지막으로 판독지수 이론을 제안하여검색요원의 영상분석 취약점을 인지하고 보완 교육시킬 수 있는 이론을 수립하였다. 결론 본 연구를통하여 제시된 위해물품 판독에 대한 방법론 여섯 가지를 숙지함으로써 검색요원의 위해물품 탐지능력 향상에 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다. Purpose The aim of this research is to present a method for interpreting hazardous goods using the widely used 2D x-ray. Method The characteristics of 2D X-rays and the vulnerabilities of 2D X-rays imageswere analyzed, and comprehensively considering existing X-ray interpreting theories, case images were extracted from the CBT program and directly captured images, six types of X-ray image interpreting methodologies were proposed. Result The three elements of X-ray image analysis are shape, color, and density. When analyzing the shape, the standardized shape of the hazardous product must be remembered. When analyzing the color, it is necessary to understand the molecular formula of the compound of the hazardous product and infer the color. When analyzing density, the element's inherent color takes on a dark color, if the density is high. Additionally, it is necessary to strengthen interpreting of passive areas. Finally, by proposing the Interpretation Index, a theory was established to enable search agents to recognize the vulnerabilities of X-ray image analysis and to provide complementary training. Conclusion It is expected that becoming well-acquainted with the six types of X-ray image interpreting methodologies for interpreting hazardous good presented through this study will improve search agents’ detection abilities.

X-ray 이미징 기법을 위한 속도측정 센서의 성능에 관한 연구

안성숙(Sungsook Ahn),정성용(Sung Yong Jung),이상준(Sang Joon Lee) 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.5

본 연구는 생체에 해를 끼치지 않으며 투과율이 우수한 장점이 있는 X-ray를 이용한 이미징 기법을 위한 센서에 관한 연구이다. X-ray를 이용한 이미징 기법을 위하여 X-ray를 효과적으로 흡수하여 대비효과을 최적화 할 수 있는 입자가 이용되면 시간에 따른 입자의 움직임을 추적하여 속도장을 구하는데 효과적으로 이용할 수 있다. X-ray의 흡수율이 높은 Iopamidol을 생체적합 고분자인 polyvinyl alcohol 로 입자화 하였다. Flory-Huggins model 을 이용하여 입자의 물리적 특성을 설명하고 Beer-Lambert-Bouguer 법칙에 의하여 X-ray 흡수율에 관한 효율을 논하였다. 입자의 물리적 특정과 X-ray 에서의 대비효과가 밀접한 상관관계가 있음을 보이고 실제 응용에 이용될 때 센서입자의 효율을 최적화 할 수 있는 기본연구의 방향을 제시하고자 한다. X-ray contrast flow tracer has been developed for dynamic X-ray visual imaging. For better imaging efficiency, high X-ray absorption ability is one of the important factors in designing the X-ray imaging flow sensor. In this study X-ray absorbing molecule, lopamidol is encapsulated into biocompatible polyvinyl alcohol microparticle. Flory-Huggins model is applied for physical properties of the designed polymeric microparticles containing lopamidol. Beer-Lambert-Bouguer law was revisited to evaluate the X-ray contrast ability of the designed X-ray contrast flow tracer.