복령(茯?) 의 화학성분과 약리효능에 대한 한의학적 고찰

이진겸 ( Jin Gyeon Lee ),양재하 ( Chae Ha Yang ) 대구한의대학교 제한동의학술원 2015 제한동의학술원논문집 Vol.13 No.1

We investigates active ingredient of Poria cocos and pharmacological action. To study on the relation between active ingredient and effects of Korean medicine. We searched books, research paper and internet site about Poria cocos. The study a relation pharmacological action of chemical component and effects as we consider medical effect. First we searched books, research paper, internet site. Second, Keywords were searched Poria cocos, Hoelen, effects of Poria cocos, extract of Poria cocos, components of Poria cocos, sylvite, sterol, lecithin, choline, histidine, pinocolic acid, eburocoic acid, dehydrotrametenolic acid, β?glucan, β-pachyman, ergosterol, pachymic acid, tumulosic acid, 3β -hydroxylanosta-7, 9(11), 24-trien-21 acid and triterpenoid. Third, in this key word arrangement a medical effect paper. 1) effects of Poria cocos 2) chemical component of Poria cocos. Results obtained in this study that active components of Poria cocos are lecithin, sterol, β?glucan. We know that there are effect of oriental medicine and effect of Poria cocos chemical compound. So, it studied efficacy``s of each compounds. Pharmacological action of Poria cocos are antioxidant effect, anti-inflammatory, antitumor effect, antiallergic, anti-depressant. And the increased function of memory, the effects of fatigue recovery, an adult disease cure. Further, a study about the anti-cancer activity of triterpenoids fraction of Poria cocos demands more detailed research and requires the study of the chemical structure and physiological activities concerning Poria cocos through using analysis machinery.

Bioactive compounds from sclerotia extract of <i>Poria cocos</i> that control adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation

Lee, Seulah,Choi, Eunyong,Yang, Su-Man,Ryoo, Rhim,Moon, Eunjung,Kim, Seon-Hee,Kim, Ki Hyun Elsevier 2018 Bioorganic chemistry Vol.81 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Poria cocos</I> Wolf confers edible sclerotia also known as ‘Indian bread’ in North America, that have been used for the treatment of various diseases in Asian countries. As part of our ongoing aim to identify biologically new metabolites from Korean edible mushrooms, we investigated the ethanol (EtOH) extract of the sclerotia of <I>P. cocos</I> by applying a comparative LC/MS- and bioassay-based analysis approach, since the EtOH extract reciprocally regulated adipocyte and osteoblast differentiation in mouse mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Bioassay-based analysis of the EtOH extract led to the successful isolation of two sterols, ergosterol peroxide (<B>1</B>) and 9,11-dehydroergosterol peroxide (<B>2</B>); three diterpenes, dehydroabietic acid (<B>3</B>), 7-oxocallitrisic acid, (<B>4</B>) and pimaric acid (<B>5</B>); and two triterpenes, dehydroeburicoic acid monoacetate (<B>6</B>) and eburicoic acid acetate (<B>7</B>) from the active hexane-soluble fraction. The isolated compounds (<B>1–7</B>) were examined for their effects on the regulation of MSC differentiation. The two sterols (<B>1</B> and <B>2</B>) were able to suppress MSC differentiation toward adipocytes. In contrast, the three diterpenes (<B>3–5</B>) showed activity to promote osteogenic differentiation of MSC. These findings demonstrate that the EtOH extract of <I>P. cocos</I> sclerotia is worth consideration as a new potential source of bioactive compounds effective in the treatment of osteoporosis in the elderly, since the extract contains sterols that inhibit adipogenic differentiation as well as diterpenes that promote osteogenic differentiation from MSCs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> EtOH extract of <I>Poria cocos</I> was investigated by a bioassay-based analysis. </LI> <LI> Two sterols (<B>1–2</B>), three diterpenes (<B>3–5</B>) and two triterpenes (<B>6–7</B>) were isolated. </LI> <LI> The two sterols (<B>1–2</B>) were able to suppress MSC differentiation toward adipocytes. </LI> <LI> The three diterpenes (<B>3–5</B>) showed activity to promote osteogenic differentiation of MSC. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

복령의 품질표준화를 위한 지표성분 탐색 및 정량법 개발

황람,권순호,김경아,허종문,강영화,송경식 한국생약학회 2005 생약학회지 Vol.36 No.3

− For the purpose of the quality control of Poria cocos, three major compounds were isolated and identified as pachymic acid (1), 3β-hydroxylanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-21-oic acid (2), and dehydroeburicoic acid (3). The optimal extraction conditions for the quantification of pachymic acid and its analogues were the 3 hours of reflux with 15 g of P. cocos in 100 ml 95% ethanol. HPLC conditions were as follows: Column; ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18 (4.6 × 250 mm, Agillent), mobile phase; 1% HOAc in 70% MeOH→1% HOAc in 100% MeOH for 25 min, then 1% HOAc in 100% MeOH for 15min, detector; ELSD, flow rate; 1 ml/min. The mean contents of 1, 2, and 3 in Poria cocos cultivated at 18 different site were 0.65 ± 0.19, 0.88 ± 0.72, and 0.84 ± 0.54 mg/g, respectively, and these values might be the guide line for the quality control of P. cocos.

Nematicidal Activity and Chemical Component of Poria cocos

Li, Guo-Hong,Shen, Yue-Mao,Zhang, Ke-Qin The Microbiological Society of Korea 2005 The journal of microbiology Vol.43 No.1

Poria cocos, a famous traditional Chinese medicine, was found to have nematicidal activity in experiments searching for nematicidal fungi. The experiment showed it could kill 94.9% of the saprophytic nematode, Panagrellus redivivue, 92.6% of the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, and 93.5% of the pine nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, on PDA plate within 12 hours. According to the nematicidal activity, three new compounds, 2, 4, 6-triacetylenic octane diacid, 2, 4, 5, 6-tetrahydroxyhexanoic acid and 3, 4-dihydroxy-2-keto-n-butyl 2,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanate, were isolated from submerged cultures of Poria cocos. Of these, 2, 4, 6-triacetylenic octane diacid could kill 83.9% Meloidogyne arenaria and 73.4% Panagrellus redivivus at 500 ppm within 12 hours. Here, it is reported for the first time that Poria cocos has nematicidal activity.

Anti-inflammatory activity of the sclerotia of edible fungus, <i>Poria cocos</i> Wolf and their active lanostane triterpenoids

Lee, Seulah,Lee, Dahae,Lee, Sung Ok,Ryu, Ja-Young,Choi, Sang-Zin,Kang, Ki Sung,Kim, Ki Hyun Elsevier 2017 Journal of Functional Foods Vol.32 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P> <I>Poria cocos</I> Wolf confers large, edible sclerotia, known as ‘Indian bread’ in North America. Chemical investigation of EtOH extract of the sclerotia of <I>P. cocos</I> resulted in the identification of four new lanostane triterpenoids (<B>1–4</B>), coriacoic acids A-D, and 10 known compounds (<B>5–14</B>). The structures of the new compounds were determined by spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR spectra, and HRMS. Among the known isolates, compounds <B>8</B> and <B>13</B> were isolated for the first time from <I>P. cocos</I>. All compounds <B>1–14</B> were tested for their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. Compounds <B>1</B>, <B>2</B>, <B>6</B>, <B>12</B>, and <B>14</B> inhibited NO production with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values ranging from 49.43 to 82.32μM. Among them, compound <B>14</B> was the most active compound, and its anti-inflammatory effect was found to be mediated through the inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression via downregulation of NF-kappaB.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Fourteen lanostane triterpenoids were identified from the sclerotia of edible fungus <I>Poria cocos</I>. </LI> <LI> Four new lanostane triterpenoids (<B>1</B>–<B>4</B>) were structurally elucidated. </LI> <LI> Compounds <B>8</B> and <B>13</B> were isolated for the first time from <I>P. cocos</I>. </LI> <LI> Compounds <B>1</B>, <B>2</B>, <B>6</B>, <B>12</B>, and <B>14</B> inhibited NO production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages. </LI> <LI> The mechanism of action for the most active compound <B>14</B> was examined. </LI> </UL> </P>

樹種, 接種量 및 接種方法이 茯笭 菌絲生長과 結笭에 미치는 영향

이희덕 한국자원식물학회 1998 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.11 No.3

When medicinal mushroom, Poria cocos, is cultured , inoculation method of spawn is cross slice inoculation of which the both sides of pine tree were peeled and spawn of P.cocos was inoculated. However, this method required lots of inoculation amount. This study was carried out to improve the culturing method of P. cocos. A good growth of P.cocos was observed in MCM(mushroom complete medium), showing proper mycelia growth and density. In inoculation amount, conventional method(cross slice inoculation) requires 20 bottles of spawn. In contrast, short log method required 8 bottles of spawn and drilling inoculation method 2~3 bottles, which could save by 60% and 85-90% respectively. In the selectrion of tree species, pine and larch had better condition for spawn culture and sclerotia formation condition.In terms of yield , pine was 33.7kg/3.3$m^2$. In the yield of pine, conventional method was 23.4kg/3.3$m^2$, drilling inoculation 29.4kg/3.3$m^2$, short log inoculation 31.7kg/3.3$m^2$, therefore drilling inoculation could increase by 25% and short log inoculation 35%, In addition, management cost was also saved.

복령 균핵내 이물질 생성 방지 연구

장현유 한국자원식물학회 2000 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.13 No.2

복령 균핵내 이물질 혼입 방지를 위하여 비닐, 부직포, 망사, 왕겨, 부엽토를 재배원목의 상하와 위, 아래 각각 피복한후 배양완성기간과 오염율, 균사밀도, 균핵 원기 형성기간, 수량, 이물질 생성정도를 조사한 결과, 왕겨, 부엽토, 비닐, 망사, 부직포순으로 좋았다. 왕겨를 피복하였을 경우, 관행에 비하여 배양 완성기간은 원목상하에 피복하였을 때 50일로서 관행에 비하여 5일 빨랐으며, 오염율은 관행의 경우 2%이나 왕겨 멀칭을 하였을때는 오염이 발생하지 않았다 균사밀도도 피복을 하였을 경우 현저히 좋았다. 균핵 원기 형성기간은 관행이 82일인데 비하여 피복시 62∼65일로선 17∼20일이 단축되었다. 수량은 관행 4.33Kg에 비하여 왕겨 상하 피복이 5.87kg으로 35.7% 증수, 상 피복이 5.62kg으로 29.8% 증수, 하 피복이 5.59kg으로 29.1% 증수되는 효과가 있었으며, 이물질 역시 피복시에는 나타나지 않았다. 복령 균핵내 이물질 혼입 방지를 위하여 재배원목 상하에 왕겨 피복에 의한 매몰깊이별 결령상태 및 품질의 영향을 조사한 결과, 매몰깊이가 20, 40, 60cm순으로 좋았다. 20cm매몰깊이에서 관행에 비하여 배양 완성기간은 5일 빨랐으며, 오염율은 관행의 경우 2%이나 오염이 발생하지 않았다. 균사밀도도 피복을 하였을 경우 현저히 좋았다. 균핵 원기 형성기간은 관행이 82일인데 비하여 62일로서 20일이 단축되었다. Experiments were carried out to determine the effects of culturing conditions DCI(Day required for Colonization after Inoculation), CR(Contamination Rate), MD(Mycelial Density), DPI(Day required for Primordial sclerotia formation after Inoculation), yields, and degree of the foreign materials formations in Poria cocos sclerotia. The upper and bottom side of wood logs were covered with gauze, rice hull and floating leaves, vinyl, or covering cloth in order to prevent foreign material formations in p. cocos. The major results were positive in the order of rice hull, floating leaf, vinyl, gauze, and covering cloth covered and dwindled. In case of the upper and bottom sides of the wood logs covered with rice hull, DCI required 50 days more when compared with the control group(45 days) and CR was 0%, while the control group showed 2% CR. MD was excellent in case of conventional methods as against control's. DPI required 17~20 days less when compared with the control group(82 days). Yields of p. cocos in case of the upper and bottom side of wood logs covered with rice hull were 5.87kg, which is 35.7% higher than that of the control group(4.33kg), and 5.62kg in the case of upper sides cover only(increased by 29.8% compared with control), and 5.59kg in the case of bottom side cover only(increased by 29.1% compared with control), and foreign materials were none. In a separate experiment, where the upper and bottom sides of wood logs were covered with rice hull to prevent the foreign material formation, the results were as follows : Sclerotia formation status and quality of P. cocos were effective in the order of 20cm, 40cm, and 60cm of buring depth and dwindled. In 20cm of burying depth, DCI was shortened by 5 days and CR was none, while the control group showed 2% CR. MD was remarkably fine at the mulched conditions. DPI was shortened by 20 days when compared with the control(62 days).

Protective effect of lanostane triterpenoids from the sclerotia of <i>Poria cocos</i> Wolf against cisplatin-induced apoptosis in LLC-PK1 cells

Lee, Dahae,Lee, Seulah,Shim, Sang Hee,Lee, Hae-Jeung,Choi, Youkyung,Jang, Tae Su,Kim, Ki Hyun,Kang, Ki Sung Elsevier 2017 Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters Vol.27 No.13

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity is a serious adverse effect that limits the use of cisplatin in cancer patients. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of lanostane triterpenoids (<B>1</B>–<B>10</B>) isolated from the ethanolic extract of <I>Poria cocos</I> Wolf against cisplatin-induced cell death in LLC-PK1 kidney tubular epithelial cells. Treatment of cisplatin induced significant cell death, which was suppressed by treatment with dehydroeburicoic acid monoacetate (<B>1</B>) and 3<I>β</I>-acetoxylanosta-7,9(11),24-trien-21-oic acid (<B>9</B>). Compound <B>1</B> exhibited the highest efficacy among the tested compounds and was thus subjected to further mechanistic studies. The increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells induced by cisplatin reduced by 4.3% after co-treatment of cells with compound <B>1</B> (50 and 100μM). Furthermore, phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases JNK, ERK, and p38, and caspase-3, which characterize oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis, increased significantly after treatment with cisplatin, and decreased after treatment with compound <B>1</B>. These results indicate that the renoprotective effects of compound <B>1</B> may be mediated by its anti-apoptotic activity.</P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

초임계 복령피 추출물의 생리활성 및 경피투과 펩티드를 이용한 경피 약물전달의 응용

김민기,박수인,안규민,허수현,신문삼 한국응용과학기술학회 2019 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.36 No.3

In this study, Poria cocos bark were extracted by supercritical process, and anti-inflammatory, whitening, and antioxidant effects were measured in comparison with ethanol extract. Also, An effective percutaneous permeation method using a selected formulation of the extract and a drug delivery peptide was proposed. Pachymic acid, known as the anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory compound of the ventricle, is an indicator component and the HPLC analysis shows that the supercritical extract of the pericardium is more than twice that of the Poria cocos bark extract. In order to confirm antioxidative effect of Bombyx mori, DPPH scavenging ability and ABTS scavenging ability test showed that the ethanol extract of Poria cocos Back had lower concentration than the supercritical extract of Poria cocos back. However, RAW 264.7 Measurements of Nitric oxide (NO) production in cells showed lower NO production at the same concentration than the Poria cocos back ethanol extract. In addition, after 72 hours of processing of 20 μg / ml of the Poria cocos back extract in B16 melanoma cells, both the intracellular and extracellular melanin extract were effective and the supercritical extract was lower melanin content. No toxicity was observed at the concentration of 800 μg/mL in RAW 264.7 cells used in NO production experiments. However, in B16 melanoma cells, even at 50 μg/ml, both Poria cocos back ethanol extract and supercritical extract showed a survival rate of less than 60%. The liposome formulation and drug delivery peptides were shown to be useful for percutaneous permeation of Supercritical Extract of Poria cocos back using a liposome formulation and a drug delivery peptide. it is expected that there will be great potential for development as a variety of cosmetic materials for Poria cocos back. 본 연구에서는 초임계 공정에 의해 복령피를 추출하였고, 에탄올 복령피 추출물과 비교하여 항염, 미백, 항산화효과를 측정하였다. 또한 선정된 추출물의 제형과 약물전달 펩티드를 활용하여 효율 적인 경피투과 방법을 제시하였다. 복령피의 항암, 항염성분으로 알려진 Pachymic acid를 지표성분으로 HPLC 분석 결과 에탄올 복령피 추출물 보다 초임계 복령피 추출물이 2배 이상 높게 추출되는 것으로 나타났다. 복령피의 항산화효과를 확인하기 위하여 DPPH 소거능과 ABTS 소거능은 복령피 에탄올 추출 물이 초임계 복령피 추출물보다 더 낮은 농도에서나타내었다. 하지만 RAW 264.7 세포 내 NO(Nitric oxide) 생성량을 측정한 결과에서는, 에탄올 복령피 추출물보다 초임계 복령피 추출물이 동일 농도에서 더 낮은 NO 생성량을 나타냈다. 또한 B16 melanoma 세포에 복령피 추출물을 20 ㎍/mL 농도를 72시간 처리 후 세포 내외 멜라닌 합성을 확인한 결과에서는, 에탄올 복령피 추출물과 초임계 복령피 추출물 모두 효과가 있었으며 초임계 추출물이 더 낮은 멜라닌 함량을 보였다. NO 생성량 실험 에서 활용된 RAW 264.7 세포에서는 800 μg/mL농도에서도 독성이 나타나지 않았다. 하지만 B16 melanoma 세포에서는 50 μg/mL에서도 에탄올 추출물과 초임계 추출물 모두 60 % 미만의 생존율을 나타냈다. 초임계 복령피 추출물을 대상으로 리포좀 제형과 약물전달 펩티드를 활용하여 Franz diffusion cell 실험 결과에서는, 리포좀 제형과 약물 전달 펩티드가 초임계 복령피 추출물을 경피 투과를 증진시켜 주는 것으로 나타났다. 초임계 복령피 추출물이 다양한 효능의 화장품 소재로서 개발될 가능성이 있다고 판단된다.

추출용매에 따른 복령(Poria cocos Wolf)과 산수유(Corni fructus) 추출물의 생리활성 효과 비교

오희경 한국응용과학기술학회 2019 한국응용과학기술학회지 Vol.36 No.4

This study was to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuronal cell protective effects of Poria cocos Wolf and Corni fructus extracted by water and 70% ethanol. Total polyphenol content in water extract of Poria cocos Wolf was significantly higher than those of other extracts. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity in water extract of Corni fructus was higher than those of other extracts. DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging activity were increased in a dose-dependent manners. In order to effectively extract total polyphenol contents and anti-oxidant components in Poria cocos Wolf and Corni fructus, hot water extraction method is more efficient than ethanol extraction method. Poria cocos extracts were found to be a superior NO production inhibitory effect compared to Corni fructus extracts. In a neuronal cell viability assay using MPP + , the water extract of Poria cocos Wolf protected against MPP + -induced neurotoxicity than those of Corni fructus extract. It is considered to be a potential functional material with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuronal protective effect against to oxidative stress according to the extract methods of extracting Poria cocos Wolf and Corni fructus. 본 연구는 열수와 에탄올 용매에 따른 복령 및 산수유 추출물의 농도별로 항산화 활성, 항염증 효과 및 신경세포 보호효과에 미치는 영향을 살펴보고자 진행하였다. 추출물들의 총 polyphenol 함량은 복령 열수 추출물에서 가장 높았고, 복령 에탄올 추출물, 산수유 열수 추출물, 산수유 에탄올 추출물 순으로 유의적으로 감소되는 경향을 나타냈다. DPPH 및 ABTS radical 소거 활성능은 추출물의 농도 의존적으로 증가하였고 산수유 열수 추출물은 모든 추출물에서 항산화 활성이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 복령 열수 추출물은 에탄올 추출물에 비해 높은 활성이 확인되었다. 복령과 산수유에 함유된 총 polyphenol과 항산화 성분을 추출하기 위해서는 에탄올 추출방법 보다는 열수 추출방법이 효과적인 방법이라고 사료된다. LPS로 염증이 유도된 RAW 264.7 세포에서 복령추출물이 산수유 추출물에 비해 NO 생성 억제 효과가 우수한 것으로 확인되었다. MPP + 에 의해 유도된 SH-SY5Y 신경세포에 복령 열수 추출물은 산수유 열수 추출물에 비해 산화적 스트레스로부터 신경세포 보호효과가 우수하게 나타났 다. 복령과 산수유 추출방법에 따른 항산화, 항염 및 산화적 스트레스로부터의 신경세포 보호효과를 갖는 기능성 소재로서 가능성이 있다고 사료된다.