Biodegradation of Endocrine-disrupting Phenolic Compounds Using Laccase Followed by Activated Sludge Treatment

Nakamura, Yoshitoshi,Mtui, Godliving The Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengine 2003 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.8 No.5

Endocrine-disrupting phenolic compounds in the water were degraded by laccase from Trametes sp. followed by activated sludge treatment. The effect of temperature on the degradation of phenolic compounds and the production of organic compounds were investigated using endocrine-disrupting chemicals such as bisphenol A, 2.4-dichlorophenol, and diethyl phthalate. Bisphenol A and 2.4-dichlorophenol disappeared completely after the laccase treatment, but no disappearance of diethyl phthalate was observed. The Michaelis-Menten type equation was proposed to represent the degradation rate of bisphenol A by the lacasse under various temperatures. After the laccase treatment of endocrine-disrupting chemicals, the activated sludge treatment was attempted and it could convert about 85 and 75% of organic compounds produced from bisphenol A and 2.4-dichlorophenol into H$_2$O and CO$_2$, respectively.

NF막을 이용한 EDCs, PhACs, PCPs 물질의 제거 특성 평가

장혜원 ( Hyue Won Jang ),박찬혁 ( Chan Hyuk Park ),홍승관 ( Seung Kwan Hong ),윤여민 ( Yeo Min Yoon ),정진영 ( Jin Young Jung ),정윤철 ( Yun Chul Chung ) 대한상하수도학회 2007 상하수도학회지 Vol.21 No.3

Reports of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs), and personal care products (PCPs) have raised substantial concern in important potable drinking water quality issues. Our study investigates the removal of EDCs, PhACs, and PCPs of 10 compounds having different physico-chemical properties (e.g., molecular weight, and octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow)) by nanofiltration (NF) membranes. The rejection of micropollutants by NF membranes ranged from 93.9% to 99.9% depending on solute characteristics. A batch adsorption experiments indicated that adsorption is an important mechanism for transport/removal of relatively hydrophobic compounds, and is related to the octanol-water partition coefficient values. The transport phenomenon associated with adsorption may also depend on solution water chemistry such as pH and ionic strength influencing the pKa value of compounds. In addition, it was visually seen that the retention was somewhat higher for the larger compounds based on their molecular weight. These results suggest that the NF membrane retains many organic compounds due to both hydrophobic adsorption and size exclusion mechanisms.

Removal of selected endocrine-disrupting compounds using Al-based metal organic framework: Performance and mechanism of competitive adsorption

전병문,황홍섭,허지용,한종훈,장민,손진식,박창민,윤여민 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.79 No.-

Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) present serious environmental problems due to their negativeimpacts on lifeforms. To solve these issues, a metal–organic frameworks (MOF) was used as an efficientadsorbent for the removal of EDCs. This work was mainly conducted to (i) characterize the adsorbent, (ii)establish the feasibility of MOF for removal of the selected EDCs (bisphenol A (BPA), 17α-ethynylestradiol(EE2), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)), and (iii) study the competitive adsorption mechanism. Physicochemical properties of MOF were characterized by microscopy, porosimetry, and zeta potentialanalyses. Feasibility testing of MOF was conducted under various solution conditions to determine theeffect of solution temperature, pH, background ions, and humic acid on the adsorption capacity. Theadsorption process in this study was spontaneous reaction, considering the negative value of DG0derived from experiments of solution temperature. According to experimental results related to theadsorbent dose, the maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity (qe) for BPA, EE2, and PFOA by MOF was138.4, 200.4, and 169.2 mg g 1, respectively. The adsorption mechanism of the EDCs was clearly explainedby numerous solution factors (i.e., pH, background ions, and the existence of humic acid), and synergeticeffects of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions were important to explain the adsorptionmechanism.

Sorption and toxicity reduction of pharmaceutically active compounds and endocrine disrupting chemicals in the presence of colloidal humic acid

Kim, Injeong,Kim, Hyo-Dong,Jeong, Tae-Yong,Kim, Sang Don IWA Publishing 2016 Water Science & Technology Vol.74 No.4

<P>This study investigated the toxicity changes and sorption of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupters in the presence of humic acid (HA). For the sorption experiment, a dead end filtration (DEF) system was used to separate bound and free-form target compounds. An algae growth inhibition test and E-screen assay were conducted to estimate the toxic effect of pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) and endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), respectively. The permeate concentration was confirmed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In the sorption test, we observed significant sorption of PhACs and EDCs on colloidal HA, except for sulfamethoxazole (SMX). The values of log KCOC derived from DEF determinations ranged from 4.40 to 5.03. The removal efficiency varied with the HA concentration and the target chemical properties. Tetracycline and 4-octylphenol showed the highest sorption or removal efficiency (approximate to 50%), even at 5 mg C/L HA. The algal growth inhibition of PhACs and the estrogenic effects of EDCs were significantly decreased in proportion to HA concentrations, except for SMX. In addition, the chemical analysis results showed a positive relationship with the bioassay results. Consequently, the sorption of PhACs and EDCs onto colloidal HA should be emphasized in natural environments because it significantly reduces bioavailable concentrations and toxicity to aquatic organisms.</P>

Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in water using carbon nanotubes: A review

Jung, C.,Son, A.,Her, N.,Zoh, K.D.,Cho, J.,Yoon, Y. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2015 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.27 No.-

Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) have been extensively detected in various surface water and wastewater. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have aroused great research attention as a new type of adsorbent due to their unique properties and potential applications for the removal of various inorganic and organic EDCs and PPCPs. This review summarizes the current research on the removal of EDCs and PPCPs with various CNTs, and provides valuable information for CNT applications in the water industry. The removal of various EDCs and PPCPs was reviewed based on the existing literature to address the effects of process parameters, including CNT properties, EDC/PPCP properties, and water chemistry conditions. Regulatory issues, analytical methods, and EDC/PPCP removal in water and wastewater treatment processes were also briefly addressed. Additionally, further research work on CNTs is suggested for the removal of EDCs and PPCPs from water.

Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in environmental matrices: Review of analytical strategies for pharmaceuticals, estrogenic hormones, and alkylphenol compounds

Omar, T.F.T.,Ahmad, A.,Aris, A.Z.,Yusoff, F.M. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2016 Trends in analytical chemistry Vol.85 No.3

Endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) have been widely reported as potential carcinogenic threats to the human population. The release of EDCs to environmental compartments, such as water, sediment, and biota, has been monitored extensively. Considering the typically low levels of EDC concentrations found in environmental samples and the complexity of biota matrices, the main challenge is with the extraction and cleanup of samples, as well as with finding a sensitive enough instrumentation system for analyte detection. This paper presents a review of recent trends in the analysis of EDCs in environmental matrices. The focus of this review is three classes of environmentally important EDCs; namely, pharmaceuticals, estrogenic hormones, and alkylphenol compounds. Discussions about state-of-the-art instrumentation and sample preparation techniques, as well as a review of sample storage and preservation, are highlighted. Overall, the use of LC-MS-MS as an instrumentation technique has increased over the past 15 years.

Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in water using carbon nanotubes: A review

정찬일,윤여민,손아정,허남국,조경덕,조재원 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.27 No.-

Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) havebeen extensively detected in various surface water and wastewater. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) havearoused great research attention as a new type of adsorbent due to their unique properties and potentialapplications for the removal of various inorganic and organic EDCs and PPCPs. This review summarizesthe current research on the removal of EDCs and PPCPs with various CNTs, and provides valuableinformation for CNT applications in the water industry. The removal of various EDCs and PPCPs wasreviewed based on the existing literature to address the effects of process parameters, including CNTproperties, EDC/PPCP properties, and water chemistry conditions. Regulatory issues, analytical methods,and EDC/PPCP removal in water and wastewater treatment processes were also briefly addressed. Additionally, further research work on CNTs is suggested for the removal of EDCs and PPCPs from water.

질량분석법에 의한 내분비계 장애물질의 분석과 막 여과에 의한 제거

김태욱,연경호,조재원,문승현 한국막학회 2005 멤브레인 Vol.15 No.4

다수의 잠재적인 내분비계장애물질이 환경에 방출됨으로써 새로운 환경문제로 세계적 관심이 모아지고 있다. 이러한 물질들을 측정하고 감시하기 위한 고감도이며 신뢰성 있는 분석방법의 개발이 필수적이다. 이 연구에서는 기체크 로마토그래피 질량분석법과 액체크로마토그래피 질량분석법이 내분비계장애물질들의 분석을 위해 이용되었으며 두 가지 분석방법들이 DEHP, BBP, PCP, BPA에 대해 비교 및 평가되었다 그 결과 액체크로마토그래피 질량분석법이 더 낮은 검출 한계를 나타내는 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 액체크로마토그래피 질량분석법은 대부분의 순수한 분자들로서 내분비계장애물질들을 측정 가능함이 판명되었다. 이 연구에서는 음용수에서 내분비계장애물질들을 제거하는 방법으로 유기막과 세라믹막을 제시하였으며 십자류 나노여과 방식이 내분비계장애물질들을 100% 제거하는 것으로 조사되었고 분획분자량 250 나노여과는 내분비계장애물질을 제거함에 있어 효과적인 것으로 판명되었다. 나노여과, 고속한외여과, 저속한외여과의 투과플럭스와 물질전달계수와의 비는 0.67, 3.4, 그리고 0.44였으며 나노여과와 저속한외여과는 확산이 주요한 조건에서 운전되며 고속한외여과는 대류가 주요한 조건에서 운전된다. 더욱이, 확산이 주요한 나노여과와 저속한외여과에서 내분비계장애물질의 제거율이 높은 것으로 측정되었다. 한외여과에 의한 제거는 내분비계장애물질들의 분자량에 의존하는 것으로 조사되었으며 내분비계장애물질들은 확산이 주요한 수리동역학적 조건에서 제거됨이 판명되었다. As a number of potential endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are released into the environment, recently growing attention has been drawn to them. Therefore sensitive and reliable analytical methods are essential to monitor those compounds. In this study, complementary CC-MS and LC-MS were employed to analyze the endocrine disrupters, and the results of two methods were compared for di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), benzylbutylphthalate (BBP), pentachlorophenol (PCP), and 4,4'-Isopropylidenediphenol (Bisphenol-A, or BPA). The results indicate that it was possible to lower the detection limits of EDCs by LC-MS. Also, LC-MS enabled to identify the EDCs as almost intact molecules. Furthermore, this study presented a nanofiltration membrane (MWCO 250) and a ultrafiltration membrane (MWCO 1,000) filtration system as methods far removing EDCs from drinking water containing γ-BHC, p,p'-DDE, BBP, p,p'-DDT, DEHP, PCP, and BPA. Cross-flow type nanofiltrations showed 100% removal of EDCs, and the result implies that MWCO 250 nanofilter was sufficient for treatment of EDCs. The ratio of permeate flux to mass transfer coefficient of nanofiltration, high flux ultrafiltration, and low flux ultrafiltration with ultrapure water were 0.67, 3.4, and 0.44, respectively. It was found that nanofiltration and low flux ultrafiltration were operated at a diffusion dominant condition, and the high flux ultrafiltration was operated at a convection dominant condition. Furthermore, a diffusion dominant process attained reasonable rejection of EDCs. The removal in the ultrafiltration was depending on the molecular weight of an EDC, and the filtration was governed by diffusion-dominant hydrodynamic conditions.

Ultrasonic treatment of endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in water: A review

Chu, Kyoung Hoon,Al-Hamadani, Yasir A.J.,Park, Chang Min,Lee, Gooyong,Jang, Min,Jang, Am,Her, Namguk,Son, Ahjeong,Yoon, Yeomin Elsevier 2017 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL -LAUSANNE- Vol.327 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The presence of contaminants of emerging concerns such as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceuticals/personal-care products (PPCPs) is of concern because they are not completely removed during conventional water and wastewater (WW) treatment processes including coagulation/flocculation/sedimentation/filtration and biological activated sludge process. Recently, ultrasonic (US) treatment has been well-known as an advanced treatment process for the removal of complex inorganic and organic contaminants in water and WW. US treatment has shown substantial advantages, such as cleanliness, safety, energy savings, and negligible or no secondary pollution products. This review provides a summary of recent research on the removal of EDCs and PPCPs by US treatment and also provides information valuable for applications of US treatment in water and WW treatment. The removal of numerous EDCs and PPCPs of different classes was reviewed based on the current literature to (i) address key factors (water quality conditions (pH, temperature, background common ions, and promoters/scavengers), US frequency, power, and reactor type) influencing the sonodegradation of EDCs and PPCPs and their intermediates during US treatment, (ii) evaluate the effects of various catalysts and hybrid processes on sonodegradation, and (iii) discuss EDC and PPCP removal according to their properties. Additionally, areas of future research in US treatment for the removal of EDCs and PPCPs from water are suggested.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Removal of contaminants of emerging concerns in water was reviewed. </LI> <LI> Valuable information was provided for applications of ultrasonication in water treatment. </LI> <LI> Areas of future research for the removal of contaminants of emerging concerns are suggested. </LI> </UL> </P>

Effects of butyltin compounds on follicular steroidogenesis in the bullfrog(<i>Rana catesbeiana</i>)

Ahn, Ryun Sup,Han, Seong-Jeong,Kim, Seung Chang,Kwon, Hyuk Bang Elsevier 2007 Environmental toxicology and pharmacology Vol.24 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The effects of butyltin compounds on follicular steroidogenesis in amphibians were examined using ovarian follicles of <I>Rana catesbeiana</I>. Isolated follicles were cultured for 18h in the presence and absence of frog pituitary homogenate (FPH) or various steroid precursors, and the steroid levels in the follicles or culture media were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Among the butyltin compounds, tributyltin (TBT) strongly inhibited the FPH-induced synthesis of pregnenolone (P<SUB>5</SUB>), progesterone (P<SUB>4</SUB>) and testosterone (T). It also inhibited the conversion of P<SUB>5</SUB>–P<SUB>4</SUB> and T to estradiol-17β(E<SUB>2</SUB>) and it partially suppressed the conversion of androstenedione (AD) to T, but not P<SUB>4</SUB> to 17α-hydroxyprogesterone (17α-OHP<SUB>4</SUB>). A high concentration of dibutyltin (DBT) also inhibited steroidogenesis by the follicles while monobutyltin (MBT) and tetrabutylin (TeBT) had no effect. These results suggest that the initial step of steroidogenesis (P<SUB>5</SUB> synthesis) and enzymes such as 3β-HSD, 17β-HSD and aromatase are inhibited by TBT or DBT. However, 17α-hydroxylase was not suppressed by TBT or the other butyltin compounds.</P>