Probabilistic evaluation of multi-fluid-phase carbon dioxide storage capacities of saline formations in the Pohang Basin, Korea using three-dimensional geologic modeling and grid-based Monte Carlo simulation

Park, Jai-Yong,Lee, Sungho,Kihm, Jung-Hwi,Kim, Jun-Mo,Lee, Yong Il Elsevier 2018 International journal of greenhouse gas control Vol.79 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A series of probabilistic evaluation is performed sequentially using three-dimensional geologic modeling and grid-based Monte Carlo simulation as a linked methodology to estimate multi-fluid-phase (i.e., individual gas-, liquid-, supercritical-, and whole fluid-phase) carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>) storage capacities of the target clastic saline formations in the Pohang Basin, Korea. The Pohang Basin is subdivided into the six geologic formations including the two clastic saline formations, which are the sandstone-dominant Fluvial Conglomerate and Sandstone (FCSS) and Shallow Marine Sandstone (SMSS) in ascending order. The results of the three-dimensional geologic modeling show that the six geologic formations are distributed very complicatedly both onshore and offshore with irregular depths and thicknesses, and they are partly dissected and offset by the eight major faults. The two clastic saline formations FCSS and SMSS are deep and thick at the three prospective areas such as Areas 1, 2, and 3 in the modeling domain. The results of the grid-based Monte Carlo simulation show the following three main contents. First, in the two clastic saline formations SMSS and FCSS, CO<SUB>2</SUB> exists as gas, liquid, and supercritical phases with the corresponding distinctive density ranges depending on the pressure and temperature with depth. Second, the theoretical multi-fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities of the SMSS and FCSS all show asymmetric normal distributions. On the other hand, the effective multi-fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities of the saline formations all show log-normal distributions, and their values are much lower than the values of the theoretical multi-fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities. The mean theoretical fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities of the SMSS and FCSS are equal to 2,511.60 Mton and 1,370.91 Mton, respectively. The mean effective fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities of the SMSS and FCSS are equal to 64.19 Mton and 35.32 Mton, respectively. Third, in the SMSS, the grid-wise (elemental) median theoretical and effective multi-fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities are probabilistically higher at Area 1 (mainly as supercritical and liquid phases), intermediate at Area 2 (mainly as liquid and gas phases), and lower at Area 3 (mainly as a gas phase). However, in the FCSS, the grid-wise median theoretical and effective multi-fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities are probabilistically higher at Area 2 (mainly as supercritical and liquid phases), intermediate at Area 1 (mainly as a supercritical phase), and lower at Area 3 (mainly as a gas phase). Finally, four key criteria (parameters) for selecting or ranking the optimal CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage locations are decided by summarizing and analyzing the results of the three-dimensional geologic modeling and grid-based Monte Carlo simulation. On the basis of the four key criteria (parameters), the overall suitability ranks of Areas 1, 2, and 3 for geologic CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage are determined to be the first, second, and third, respectively.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A series of three-dimensional geologic modeling and grid-based Monte Carlo simulation as a linked methodology is presented to evaluate the multi-fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities of the two saline formations in the Pohang Basin. </LI> <LI> The saline formations are distributed very complicatedly with irregular depths and thicknesses and are partly dissected and offset by eight major faults. </LI> <LI> In the saline formations, CO<SUB>2</SUB> exists as gas, liquid, and supercritical phases with the distinctive density ranges depending on the pressure and temperature with depth. </LI> <LI> The theoretical and effective gas-, liquid-, supercritical-, and fluid-phase CO<SUB>2</SUB> storage capacities of the saline formations are evaluated probabilistically and spatially. </LI> <LI>

A criterion combined of bulk and surface lithium storage to predict the capacity of porous carbon lithium-ion battery anodes: lithium-ion battery anode capacity prediction

Shaker Majid,Ghazvini Ali Asghar Sadeghi,Qureshi Faisal Raza,Riahifar Reza 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.5

The high level of lithium storage in synthetic porous carbons has necessitated the development of accurate models for estimating the specifc capacity of carbon-based lithium-ion battery (LIB) anodes. To date, various models have been developed to estimate the storage capacity of lithium in carbonaceous materials. However, these models are complex and do not take into account the efect of porosity in their estimations. In this paper, a novel model is proposed to predict the specifc capacity of porous carbon LIB anodes. For this purpose, a new factor is introduced, which is called normalized surface area. Considering this factor, the contribution of surface lithium storage can be added to the lithium stored in the bulk to have a better prediction. The novel model proposed in this study is able to estimate the lithium storage capacity of LIB anodes based on the porosity of porous carbons for the frst time. Benefting porosity value (specifc surface area) makes the predictions quick, facile, and sensible for the scientists and experts designing LIBs using porous carbon anodes. The predicted capacities were compared with that of the literature reported by experimental works. The remarkable consistency of the measured and predicted capacities of the LIB anodes also confrms the validity of the approach and its reliability for further predictions.

CO_2 geological storage: A review on present and future prospects

Umer Zahid,한종훈,임영섭,Jaeheum Jung 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.3

CO_2 can be stored in geological media for hundreds to thousands of years depending on the location and trapping mechanism(s) involved. A saline aquifer presents the largest capacity available for CO_2 storage among all geological storage options. Two main methodologies proposed by the Department of Energy, US (DOE) and carbon sequestration leadership forum (CSLF) are used for capacity estimation of geological locations for CO_2 storage. A study conducted by Global CCS Institute in 2010 identified 80 large scale integrated projects which will prove to be a huge step in building confidence and commercialization of storage projects in the near future. Use of reliable monitoring tools and accurate simulation software is a must for safe and cost-effective CO_2 storage.

Carbon dioxide storage in Dead Sea water

Mohammad Al-Harahsheh,Raghad Al-Khatib,Aiman Al-Rawajfeh 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.99 No.-

In this paper, the Dead Sea (DS) environment as a carbon dioxide (CO2) potential storage site wasinvestigated. Firstly, the storage capacity of CO2 in ultra-pure and Dead Sea water (DSW) was studied atambient temperature and pressure. The effect of CO2 pressure on the storage capacity of CO2 in DSW wasalso studied at different contact times at the ambient temperature. Finally, for comparison purposes, CO2gas was injected into a solution containing only dissolved calcium ions. Different analytical andinstrumental analysis techniques were used to characterize both liquid and solid samples including acidbase titration, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (AAS), X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Thermogravi-metric Analysis (TGA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Based on the titration method, thestorage capacity of CO2 in both pure water and DSW was found to be 1.7 and 1.53 mmol/l, respectively, atambient temperature (15 C) and ambient pressure. DSW water was found to contain 1.6 Ca wt% and4.3 wt% Mg based on AAS analysis. The storage capacity of CO2 in DSW increased with the increase ofpressure and despite the high content of Ca and Mg in DSW, no precipitation was observed even at a CO2pressure of 25 bar and 76 h of contact time. When DSW, saturated with CO2, was titrated (using NaOH),precipitates were obtained containing aragonite, brucite and magnesite as identified by XRD, TGA andSEM analysis techniques. The majorfinding of this work is that DS water is suitable environment to beused to sequester CO2.

Synthesis of activated carbon derived from rice husks for improving hydrogen storage capacity

Heo, Y.J.,Park, S.J. Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemi 2015 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.31 No.-

In this work, we prepared activated carbon derived from rice husks (RHC) using chemical activation with KOH ratio. The results showed that significant increase in specific surface area and optimum pore size for hydrogen storage of RHC by KOH activation. Then, it was interesting note to that the best hydrogen storage capacity of 2.85wt.% was observed in the RHC1 sample (KOH ratio of 1). The hydrogen storage capacity was strongly influenced by the nanometered size distribution and micropore volume than the specific surface area or total pore volume.

Synthesis of activated carbon derived from rice husks for improving hydrogen storage capacity

허영정,박수진 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.31 No.-

In this work, we prepared activated carbon derived from rice husks (RHC) using chemical activation withKOH ratio. The results showed that significant increase in specific surface area and optimum pore size forhydrogen storage of RHC by KOH activation. Then, it was interesting note to that the best hydrogenstorage capacity of 2.85 wt.% was observed in the RHC1 sample (KOH ratio of 1). The hydrogen storagecapacity was strongly influenced by the nanometered size distribution and micropore volume than thespecific surface area or total pore volume.

Digital Soil Mapping of Soil Carbon Storage and Available Water Capacity in Korea

Hong, S.Y.,Minasny, B.,Zhang, Y.S.,Kim, Y.H.,Song, K.C. 한국토양비료학회 2009 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2009 No.10

Probabilistic Preliminary Evaluation of Geologic Carbon Dioxide Storage Capacity of the Hasandong Formation, Gyeongsang Basin, Korea

김중휘(Jung-Hwi Kihm),김준모(Jun-Mo Kim) 대한지질학회 2013 지질학회지 Vol.49 No.3

Three-dimensional geologic modeling of the Pohang Basin in Korea for geologic storage of carbon dioxide

박재용(Jai-Yong Park),김준모(Jun-Mo Kim),윤석훈(Seok-Hoon Yoon) 대한지질학회 2015 지질학회지 Vol.51 No.3

도시공원녹지의 생태성 및 기후변화 대응성 평가 기초 연구

성현찬 ( Hyun Chan Sung ),황소영 ( So Young Hwang ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2013 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Problems in regard of ecological stability of urban ecosystem ensue from climate change and urbanization. Particularly, urban ecological conditions are deteriorating both quantitatively and qualitatively to a great extent. The present study aims to assess the current condition of selected sites (i. e. urban green zones and parks) in terms of preset assessment components; to find out problems and relevant solutions to improve the quality and quantity of parks and green zones; and ultimately to suggest some measures applicable to coping with climate change as well as to securing the ecological attributes of urban green zones and parks. According to the findings of this study, from quantitative perspectives, ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change are high on account of the large natural-soil area(80%). By contrast, from qualitative perspectives including the planting structure (1 layer: 47%), the percentage of bush area(17%), the connectivity with surrounding green zones (independent types: 44%), the wind paths considered (5.6%), the tree species with high carbon absorption rates (20%), water cycles (17%), energy (8%) and carbon storage capacities(61%), ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change were found very low. These findings suggest that the ecological values of urban parks and green zones should be improved in the future by conserving their original forms, securing natural-soil grounds and employing multi-layered planting structures and water bodies, and that responsiveness to climate change should be enhanced by planting tree species with high carbon storage capacities and obtaining detention ponds. In sum, robust efforts should be exerted in the initial planning stages, and sustained, to apply the methodology of green-zone development along with securing ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change.