재난관리와 BCP에 관한 시론적 연구

이자성(Lee Ja Sung) 한국인적자원관리학회 2016 인적자원관리연구 Vol.23 No.2

세계 각국은 지진, 테러 등 예기치 못한 각종 재해재난에 대응하여 공공기관, 기업 등 대규모 조직에서 핵심 업무의 중단을 방지하고, 재해복구를 신속히 수행하기 위한 BCP 수립을 강조한다. 특히 지진 등 재해가 많은 일본 지방정부는 공공부문과 민간부문을 대상으로 BCP의 의무적 수립을 규정하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 일본 지방정부의 BCP 실태를 파악하기 위해 조직적 측면, 제도적 측면, 인력적 측면과 동시에 내각부와 총무성이 실시했던 현황조사를 바탕으로 분석을 수행하였다. 분석결과, 일본 지방정부는 BCP의 원활한 수행을 위해 조직적 측면에서 위기상황을 평상시와 비상시로 이원화하여 BCP 추진체계를 정비하고 있다. 또한 제도적 측면에서 내각부의 표준안 및 가이드라인을 토대로 지방정부가 자체적으로 BCP를 수립하고 있으며, 인력적 측면은 중앙정부의 교육훈련과정을 통해 전문가를 양성하여 교육하는 것으로 분석되었다. 그럼에도 불구하고 현황분석에서는 책정완료 기관은 도도부현은 11%, 시정촌은 0.1%에 불과하고, 지진 등을 상정한 BCP 관리체계 정비는 도도부현 21%, 시정촌 5.5%로 광역정부와 기초정부간에 차이가 나타났다. 또한 BCP 미수립의 이유로는 기관내 논의없음(50.0%), 재원 및 인력 부족(18.0%), 지식부족(18.0%)로 나타났다. 이러한 현황 결과는 중앙정부와 지방정부간 수준 및 인식격차, 추진체계 미정립 등을 고려할 수 있다. 이러한 분석을 바탕으로 한국 지방정부에 대한 시사점으로는 조직적 측면에서 BCP 전담추진체계의 이원화 시스템 구축, BCP 전담 추진체계 정비, 제도적 측면에서 BCP 표준 가이드라인 책정 및 지방정부에 제공, 인력적 측면에서 전문인력기관 설치, BCP 인식확산, 인력양성, ICT부문의 BCP 수립 등을 제시하였다. Since there have been many natural disasters and terrors constantly, each country in the world has been trying to develop and organize the disaster management systems and Business Continuity Plan(BCP). The process for BCP is organized Business Risk Assessment, Crisis Analysis, Business Impact Analysis, Detailed Planning, Plan Execution, Test and Maintenance. Especially Japan has been struggled many natural disaster like as earthquake and Tsunami etc. Recently Japan Government announced BCP guideline and recommend BCP of local government. Despite the increasing request on the BCP, local government' BCP is still low level. This paper investigates the current state of BCP in Japan local government. The results of the analysis are as follows. First, Structure Aspect ; Dual system of BCP, Establishment of BCP system, Second, Institution Aspect ; Establishment and Distribution of BCP Guideline, Third, Man power Aspect ; Education, Consulting, Training and Testing of BCP. Additionally, This paper has been suggested that enforcement of cognition and education about BCP, establish of BCP system in Korea Local Government.

일본 기업방재 현황과 지원정책 연구

김양태 ( Kim Yang-tae ),임상혁 ( Yim Sang-hyuk ) 한국일본근대학회 2019 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.66

본 연구는 우리나라에 BCP보급·확산을 위해 방재선진국인 일본의 기업방재 현황과 BCP지원정책을 고찰·분석한 연구이다. 일본의 재해대책은 지진, 풍수해 등의 재해 원인을 특정하고 생명·신체와 자산에 대한 피해를 막는 ‘방재(防災)’가 중심이었다. 그러나 1995년 한신·아와지(阪神淡路)대지진 이후, 많은 기업이 피해를 경험하면서 자연재해와 사고에 의한 공급사슬 단절 문제가 경영현안문제로 등장했다. 특히 동일본대지진은 지진과 해일(쓰나미)뿐만 아니라 원전의 방사선물질 유출과 전력부족 등의 영향으로 일본기업에 커다란 손해를 입히면서 종래 ‘방재’에 중점을 둔 위기관리체계를 되돌아보는 계기가 되면서 ‘감재(減災, Disaster reduction)’가 중요한 키워드로 등장했다. 감재(減災)의 사고에 입각한 재해대책으로 사업지속성계획(BCP: Business Continuity Plan)과 사업지속계획관리(BCM: Business Continuity Management)가 등장했다. 사업지속성계획(BCP)이란 재난이 발생해도 기업의 비즈니스 연속성을 유지하기 위한 방법론으로 사업 중단의 원인이 되는 여러 가지 위험을 상정하여 이들을 미연에 회피, 혹은 피해를 받아도 신속하게 복구할 수 있도록 방침이나 행동수순을 규정한 것이다. 일본의 경제산업성, 내각부, 중소기업청 등은 영미 기업들 사이에 도입된 BCP, BCM를 일본에 보급·확대를 위해 BCP 가이드라인이나 운용지침을 발표하여 방재의 측면만이 아닌 경영의 관점에서 사업을 중단시키지 않고 지속시키는 지혜가 몸에 배도록 메시지를 발신하고 있다. 일본은 중앙정부, 지방정부, 민간단체에 의해 다양한 BCP책정 지원을 전개하고 있으며, 많은 성과를 거두고 있다. 우리나라는 2013년 3월 23일 「재해경감을 위한 기업의 자율 활동 지원에 관한 법률」이 제정되고 동년 12월에는 ‘기업재난 관리표준’이 마련되어 시행 중에 있다. 본 논문은 향후 우리기업이 재해경감활동에 적극적으로 관여하기 위해서는 어떠한 정책과 지원이 필요한지를 일본 사례를 통해 다양한 시사점을 제공해 주리라 사료된다. This research is a study that examined and analyzed the current status of business disaster prevention in Japan, a disaster prevention country, and the BCP support policy in Korea for the purpose of supplying and expanding BCP. Japan’s disaster measures were centered on “disaster” that specified causes of disasters such as earthquakes and feng shui and prevent damage to life, body and assets. However, since the 1995 Hanshin and Aaji earthquakes, the problem of cutting off supply chains caused by natural disasters and accidents has emerged as a management issue as many companies experience damage. In particular, “disaster control” has emerged as an important keyword as the earthquake and tsunami as well as the earthquake and tsunami, which caused huge losses to Japanese companies due to the leakage of radiation materials from nuclear power plants and power shortages, and thus led to a review of the crisis management system that traditionally focuses on “disaster.” BCP (Business Continuity Plan) and BCM (Business Continuity Management) emerged as disaster measures based on the accident of the deduction. A Business Continuity Plan (BCP) is a methodology for maintaining the business continuity of an enterprise in the event of a disaster, which presumes various risks that contribute to the disruption of the business so that they can be averted or quickly recovered from damage. Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Industry and Energy, and the Small and Medium Business Administration have issued BCP guidelines or operating guidelines to distribute and expand BCP and BCM introduced among U.S. companies, sending messages to the body so that it is wise to keep the business afloat from a management perspective, not just from a disaster perspective. Japan has deployed various BCP-assigned support by the central government, local governments and private organizations, and has made a lot of progress The Act on Support of Self-Governing Activities of Enterprises for Reducing Disaster was enacted on March 23, 2013, and the Industrial Accident Management Standards were prepared and in place in December of the same year. It is believed that this paper will provide various implications through the Japanese case on what policies and support our company needs to actively engage in disaster mitigation activities in the future.

BCP 관점의 일본 해양사고 재난관리와 정책적 시사점

최준호(Choi, JunHo),최충익(Choi, ChoongIk) 한국지적정보학회 2018 한국지적정보학회지 Vol.20 No.1

본 연구는 BCP의 관점에서 일본의 해양사고 재난관리 시스템을 살펴보고 관련하여 정책적 시사점을 도출해보고자 한다. 이를 위해서 BCP의 정의와 구성요소를 선행연구를 통해 도출하였고, 단계별로 분류하여 BCP 프레임워크를 제시하였다. 연구사례로써 일본의 대표적인 해양사고인 시운마루호와 아리아케호 사고를 BCP 프레임워크 단계별로 분석하였다. 연구결과, 시운마루호 사고 이후에 실시된 체계의 정비와 최근 발생한 아리아케호 사고의 대응은 유기적으로 연결되어 일본의 해양사고 재난관리 체계를 구성하고 있으며, 효율적으로 운영되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 제시된 프레임워크를 통해 본 일본 해양사고 사례의 위험요소, 위험관리, 위험대응, 학습 및 피드백의 단계별 파악은 한국의 재난관리 시스템에 주는 정책적 시사점이 클 것이다. This paper aims to explore marine accident management of Japan with the perspective of Business Continuity Plan (BCP) and attempts to make some implications from it. In this research, BCP is operationally defined through literature review, and BCP framework is set up accordingly. We chose ‘Shiun Maru Disaster’ and ‘Ariake’s Acccident’ as research cases, which are analyzed in each step of BCP framework. The results show that Siun Maru Disaster has lead to the improvement of marine accident management system in Japan. Also the results suggest that each step (risk factor, risk management, risk response and learning & feedback) in marine accidents will be helpful to figure out marine disaster management in Japan and to improve marine disaster management system in Korea.

스트론튬(Strontium)이 도핑된 다공성 BCP 뼈 이식제가 조골세포에 미치는 영향

변인선,서형석,이병택,송호연,Byun, In-Seon,Sarkar, Swapan Kumar,Seo, Hyung-Seok,Lee, Byong-Taek,Song, Ho-Yeon 한국재료학회 2010 한국재료학회지 Vol.20 No.3

In this study, we investigated primary biocompatibility and osteogenic gene expression of porous granular BCP bone substitutes with or without strontium (Sr) doping. In vitro biocompatibility was investigated on fibroblasts like L929 cells and osteoblasts like MG-63 cells using a cell viability assay (MTT) and one cell morphological observation by SEM, respectively. MTT results showed a cell viability percent of L929 fibroblasts, which was higher in Sr-BCP granules (98-101%) than in the non-doped granules (92-96%, p < 0.05). Osteoblasts like MG-63 cells were also found to proliferate better on Sr-doped BCP granules (01-111%) than on the non-doped ones (92-99%, p < 0.05) using an MTT assay. As compared with pure BCP granules, SEM images of MG-63 cells grown on sample surfaces confirmed that cellular spreading, adhesion and proliferation were facilitated by Sr doping on BCP. Active filopodial growth of MG-63 cells was also observed on Sr-doped BCP granules. The cells on Sr-doped BCP granules were well attached and spread out. Gene expression of osteonectin, osteopontin and osteoprotegrin were also evaluated using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), which showed that the mRNA phenotypes of these genes were well maintained and expressed in Sr-doped BCP granules. These results suggest that Sr doping in a porous BCP granule can potentially enhance the biocompatibility and bone ingrowth capability of BCP biomaterials.

Fabrication of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 Coated Porous Biphasic Calcium Phosphate-Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose-Gelatin Scaffold and Its In vitro Evaluation

Avik Sarker,이병택,Nguyen Thuy Ba Linh,정해일,서현석 한국고분자학회 2014 Macromolecular Research Vol.22 No.12

Fabrication of bone substitutes, which are a combination of bio-ceramics and bio-polymer, is performedto meet the demand for bone regeneration after fracture or disease. In this study, sodium carboxymethylcellulosegelatin(NaCMC-GEL) hydrogel scaffold where the ratio of NaCMC and GEL was 1:2 and biphasic calciumphosphate (BCP) loaded NaCMC-GEL where the ratio of BCP, NaCMC and GEL was 1:1:2 hydrogel scaffold werefabricated successfully by the freeze-drying method. These hydrogel scaffolds were crosslinked by 0.75wt% genipinsolution to check the swelling and ensure optimum degradation. Then BCP-NaCMC-GEL hydrogel was coated withrecombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2). Detailed morphological and material characterization,such as porosity, micro-structural analysis, and chemical constituents of NaCMC-GEL and BCP-NaCMC-GELhydrogel scaffolds was carried out. The study demonstrates that these hydrogel scaffolds have a porous structure andthe pore size is optimum for bone tissue regeneration. PBS uptake and degradation behavior of the NaCMC-GEL,BCP-NaCMC-GEL and BMP-2-BCP-NaCMC-GEL hydrogel scaffolds were also observed. BMP-2-BCP-NaCMCGELhydrogel scaffold showed higher cell viability, cell attachment, and proliferation of pre-osteoblast MC3T3-E1cells than the NaCMC-GEL, BCP-NaCMC-GEL scaffolds, which was confirmed by 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, live-dead assay, and immunofluorescence assay. The BMP-2 releaseprofile from BMP-2-BCP-NaCMC-GEL scaffold was also shown. The observations show that BMP-2-coated BCPNaCMC-GEL hydrogel scaffold is a promising material for bone tissue regeneration.

BCP의 증착 조건에 따른 광학적 특성 및 전도 기구에 미치는 영향

김원종,홍진웅,Kim, Weon-Jong,Hong, Jin-Woong 한국전기전자재료학회 2009 전기전자재료학회논문지 Vol.22 No.11

In a triple-layered structure of ITO/N,N'-diph enyl-N,N'bis(3-methylphenyl)-1,1' - biphenyl-4,4'-diamine(TPD)/tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum($Alq_3$)/(2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline(BCP)/Al device, we have studied the electrical and optical characteristics of organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs) depending on the deposition condition of BCP layer. Several different sizes of holes on boat and several different deposition rates were employed in evaporating the organic materials. And then, electrical properties of the organic light-emitting diodes were measured and the performance of the devices was analyzed. It was found that the hole-size of crucible boat and the evaporation rate affect on the surface roughness of BCP layer as well as the performance of the device. When the hole-size of crucible boat and the deposition rate of BCP are 1.2 mm and $1.0\;{\AA}/s$, respectively, average surface roughness of BCP layer is lower and the efficiency of the device is higher than the ones made with other conditions. From the analysis of current density-luminance-voltage characteristics of a triple layered device, we divided the conductive mechanism by four region according to applied voltage. So we have obtained a coefficient of ${\beta}_{ST}$ in schottky region is $3.85{\times}10^{-24}$, a coefficient of ${\beta}_{PF}$ in Poole-Frenkel region is $7.35{\times}10^{-24}$, and a potential barrier of ${\phi}_{FN}$ in Fower-Nordheim region is 0.39 eV.

공항전문기업의 BCP기법을 활용한 위기대응 가이드라인 개발에 관한 연구

서병석,신도형 대한안전경영과학회 2015 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of the establishment of corporation’s Business Continuity Plan(BCP) is to maintain corporations’ own business and establish the response plan in order to resume operation in a short time period when crisis situations occur due to natural disaster and human error. This study has presented all types of procedures and criteria which are needed to establish the airport crisis response system in order to maintain the business continuity by utilizing BCP technique. Basically the risk response procedures must be established in the process of (1) preparation stage, (2) plan development stage, (3) documentation stage, (4) test & maintenance stage. The guideline has been suggested that each stage must be carried out in the sequence of Policy & Planning Responsibility, Business Impact Analysis, Recovery Strategy & Plans, Emergency Plan & SOP, Training Awareness and Maintenance & Review

Stress assignment and opacity in Batticaloa Creole Portuguese

Jeong-min Seo(서정민),Hak-haeng Jo(조학행) 한국음운론학회 2008 음성·음운·형태론 연구 Vol.14 No.1

  According to Koontz-Garbodean (2000), the stress assignment in Batticaloa Creole Portuguese (BCP) is very predictable: stress falls on the last underlying long vowel of a word, or on the first vowel of a word if a word has no long vowel underlyingly. BCP has phonemic vowel length, though long vowels only surface when they are stressed in a word-initial syllable. Elsewhere, they are shortened. The stress assignment of BCP in these cases involves opacity. The aim of this paper is to investigate the opacity of stress assignment in BCP. Opacity, which refers to the phenomenon that output forms are shaped by generalizations that are not surface-true, or not surface-apparent, has been a challenge to classic Optimality Theory (OT, Prince and Smolensky 1993, 2004) since it is an outputoriented theory. To deal with opacity, many other theories such as Local Conjunction (Smolensky 1993; Kirchner 1996), Lexical Constraint Domains (It? and Mester 1995a-b), OO-correspondence (Benua 1995; Kager 1995; McCarthy 1996), I-O Well-formedness (Orgun 1996; Archangeli and Suzuki 1997), Lexical Accent (Hammond 1999), Multi-stratal Evaluation (It? and Mester 1999), and Sympathy Theory (McCarthy 1999, 2002), have been proposed. According to Kager (1999: 377-399), McCarthy (2007: 9-13, 25-49), and Seo and Jo (2007b: 46-48), however, there are also many problems in them. In this paper to resolve the opacity in OT, we will attempt to solve the opacity problem by employing Optimality Theory with Candidate Chains (OT-CC, McCarthy 2006a-d, 2007), which incorporates the inter-candidate derivational information with PREC (edence) constraints(A, B) (PREC(A, B)). Based on OT-CC with Prec(A, B), this paper examines and analyses the opacity of stress assignment in BCP, supporting the superiority of OT-CC.

공항전문기업의 BCP기법을 활용한 위기대응 가이드라인 개발에 관한 연구

서병석,신도형 대한안전경영과학회 2015 대한안전경영과학회지 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of the establishment of corporation’s Business Continuity Plan(BCP) is to maintain corporations’ own business and establish the response plan in order to resume operation in a short time period when crisis situations occur due to natural disaster and human error. This study has presented all types of procedures and criteria which are needed to establish the airport crisis response system in order to maintain the business continuity by utilizing BCP technique. Basically the risk response procedures must be established in the process of (1) preparation stage, (2) plan development stage, (3) documentation stage, (4) test & maintenance stage. The guideline has been suggested that each stage must be carried out in the sequence of Policy & Planning Responsibility, Business Impact Analysis, Recovery Strategy & Plans, Emergency Plan & SOP, Training Awareness and Maintenance & Review

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Composite Scaffold of BCP, Bioglass and Gelatin for Bone Tissue Engineering

Kim, Woo Seok,Nath, Subrata Deb,Bae, Jun Sang,Padalhin, Andrew,Kim, Boram,Song, Myeong Jin,Min, Young Ki Materials Research Society of Korea 2014 한국재료학회지 Vol.24 No.6

In this experiment, a highly porous scaffold of biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) was prepared using the spongereplica method. The BCP scaffold was coated with 58S bioactive glass (BG) and sintered for a second time. The resulting scaffold was coated with gelatin (Gel) and cross-linked with [3-(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide] and N-Hydroxysuccinamide (EDC-NHS). The initial average pore size of the scaffold ranged from 300 to $700{\mu}m$, with more than 85 % porosity. The coating of BG and Gel had a significant effect on the scaffold-pore size, decreasing scaffold porosity while increasing mechanical strength. The material and surface properties were evaluated by means of several experiments involving scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay and confocal imaging of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells cultured in vitro. Three types of scaffold (BCP, BCP-BG and BCP-BG-Gel) were implanted in a rat skull for in vivo evaluation. After 8 weeks of implantation, bone regeneration occurred in all three types of sample. Interestingly, regeneration was found to be greater (geometrically and physiologically) for neat BCP scaffolds than for two other kinds of composite scaffolds. However, the other two types of scaffolds were still better than the control (i.e., defect without treatment).