Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Store: Regulation of Ca2+ Release and Reuptake by Intracellular and Extracellular Ca2+ in Pancreatic Acinar Cells

박명규,강윤경 한국분자세포생물학회 2005 Molecules and cells Vol.19 No.2

We investigated the effect of cytosolic and extracellular Ca2+ on Ca2+ signals in pancreatic acinar cells by measuring Ca2+ concentration in the cytosol([Ca2+]c) and in the lumen of the ER([Ca2+]Lu). To control buffers and dye in the cytosol, a patch-clamp microelectrode was employed. Acetylcholine released Ca2+ mainly from the basolateral ER-rich part of the cell. The rate of Ca2+ release from the ER was highly sensitive to the buffering of [Ca2+]c whereas ER Ca2+ refilling was enhanced by supplying free Ca2+ to the cytosol with [Ca2+]c clamped at resting levels with a patch pipette containing 10 mM BAPTA and 2 mM Ca2+. Elevation of extracellular Ca2+ to 10 mM from 1 mM raised resting [Ca2+]c slightly and often generated [Ca2+]c oscillations in single or clustered cells. Although pancreatic acinar cells are reported to have extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptors linked to phospholipase C that mobilize Ca2+ from the ER, exposure of cells to 10 mM Ca2+ did not decrease [Ca2+]Lu but rather raised it. From these findings we conclude that 1) ER Ca2+ release is strictly regulated by feedback inhibition of [Ca2+]c, 2) ER Ca2+ refilling is determined by the rate of Ca2+ influx and occurs mainly in the tiny subplasmalemmal spaces, 3) extracellular Ca2+-induced [Ca2+]c oscillations appear to be triggered not by activation of extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptors but by the ER sensitised by elevated [Ca2+]c and [Ca2+]Lu.

Prognostic significance of CA-125 re-elevation after interval debulking surgery in patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Lee, Yong Jae,Chung, Young Shin,Lee, Jung-Yun,Nam, Eun Ji,Kim, Sang Wun,Kim, Sunghoon,Kim, Young Tae Elsevier 2019 European journal of surgical oncology Vol.45 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Aims</B></P> <P>We evaluated the prognostic significance of postoperative re-elevation of cancer antigen-125 (CA-125) levels in patients with ovarian cancer and preoperative normalization of CA-125 levels after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>The data of 103 patients with preoperative CA-125 normalization after NAC at the Yonsei Cancer Hospital (2006–2017) were analyzed. We compared the clinical characteristics and survival outcomes among patients with normal postoperative CA-125 levels and those with re-elevated CA-125 levels after interval debulking surgery (IDS). CA-125 elevation was defined as levels >35 U/mL.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Among 103 patients, 52 (50.5%) and 51 (49.5%) had normal and re-elevated CA-125 levels after IDS, respectively. Patients with CA-125 re-elevation underwent more radical surgeries during IDS than those with normal CA-125 levels (p = 0.018). We found no significant differences in progression-free survival (PFS; p = 0.726) or overall survival (OS; p = 0.293) between the two groups. Moreover, patients with persistent CA-125 elevation (3 weeks after IDS) did not have inferior PFS (p = 0.171 and p = 0.208, respectively) or OS (p = 0.128 and p = 0.095, respectively) compared to patients with early normalization (within 3 weeks of IDS) or normal CA-125 levels. Multivariate regression showed that CA-125 re-elevation had no effect on recurrence (hazard ratio [HR], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43–1.30) or death (HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.33–2.98).</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Among patients with preoperative CA-125 normalization after NAC, postoperative CA-125 re-elevation had no prognostic value. Novel and reliable biomarkers reflecting the tumor response after IDS should be identified.</P>

칼슘이온과 초기 pH가 TiCl<SUB>4</SUB> 응집제의 인 제거에 미치는 영향

강성현(Seong Hyeon Kang),강장현(Jang Hyeon Kang),김한결(Han Gyul Kim),정희훈(Hee Hoon Jeong),김종호(Jong Ho Kim),안종화(Johng-Hwa Ahn) 大韓環境工學會 2017 대한환경공학회지 Vol.39 No.3

본 연구에서는 TiCl4 (0.12-0.18 mM)를 이용하여 합성 폐수(2 mg P/L)내 인을 제거할 때, 칼슘이온(Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>) (0-0.55 mM) 이 인 제거에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. TiCl4 0.12 mM일 때 초기 pH(4.0-10.0)에 따른 실험결과 pH 7에서 인 제거율이 95.1%로 가장 높았고, pH 8에서 인 제거율이 51.4%로 떨어졌다. TiCl4 0.12 mM에서 Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>농도 0 mM일 때 인 제거율은 55.6%, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>농도 0.045 mM에서는 90.5%로 증가하였다. 반면에 TiCl4 0.15-0.18 mM에서는 Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>농도에 따른 인 제거율(96.5-99.5%)의 차이는 미미하였다. TiCl4 농도를 0.12 mM로 고정하고, 초기 pH 7.0-9.0, Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> 농도 0.00-0.18 mM 범위에서 반응표면분석법을 이용하여 분석한 결과, 실험 범위내에서 인 제거율 90%이상을 얻기 위해서는 Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> 농도는 pH 8.0에서 0.10 mM, pH 9.0에서 0.12 mM 이상이 필요하다. This study experimentally determined the effect of calcium ion (Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>) (0-0.55 mM) and intial pH (4.0-10.0) on phosphorus (P) removal in synthetic wastewater (2 mg P/L) using titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) (0.12-0.18 mM). At TiCl4 concentration ([TiCl4]) = 0.12 mM, the P removal efficiency was the highest (95.1%) at pH 7 but the efficiency decreased to 51.4% at pH 8. The P removal efficiency was 55.6% at Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> concentration ([Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]) = 0 mM but the efficiency increased to 90.5% at [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>] = 0.045 mM at [TiCl4] = 0.12 mM. On the other hand, the P removal efficiency difference was not large (96.5-99.5%) with [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>] at [TiCl4] = 0.15-0.18 mM. Within the design boundaries of 0.00≤[Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]≤0.18 mM and 7.0≤initial pH≤9.0 at [TiCl4] = 0.12 mM, the 90% P removal efficiency could be achieved at [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]≥0.10 mM with pH 8.0 and [Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>]≥0.12 mM with pH 9.0.

$Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$ 형광체의 합성과 발광 특성

성혜진,허영덕,Sung, Hye-Jin,Huh, Young-Duk 한국결정성장학회 2006 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.16 No.6

A series of $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$ phosphors have been synthesized by solid-state reaction. The photoluminescence and structural properties of $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$ have been examined. The $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$ phosphors have a strong absorption at 400 nm, which is the emission wavelength of a violet light emitting diode (LED). The emission peaks of $SrGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$are located at 448 nm and 485 nm. The partial replacement of Sr by Ca in $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$ causes a red shift of emission wavelengths. The $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$ can be used as blue emitting phosphors pumped by the violet LED for fabricating the multi-band white LED. 일련의 $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$ 형광체를 고상법으로 합성하였다. $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$의 구조와 발광 특성을 조사하였다. $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$은 보라색 발광 다이오드의 발광 파장인 400 nm에서 강한 흡수가 있다. $SrGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$의 발광 봉우리는 448 nm와 485 nm에 있다. $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$에서 Sr이 Ca으로 부분 치환되면 발광 파장이 장파장으로 이동된다. 다파장 백색 LED를 제작할 때 $Sr_{1-x}Ca_xGa_2S_4:Ce,Na$은 보라색 LED로 여기하여 청색 발광 형광체로 사용 될 수 있다.

[$Na^+-Ca^{2+}$ Exchange Curtails $Ca^{2+}$before Its Diffusion to Global $Ca^{2+}{_i}$ in the Rat Ventricular Myocyte

Ahn, Sung-Wan,Ko, Chang-Mann The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2005 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.9 No.2

In the heart, $Na^{+}-Ca^{2+}$ exchange (NCX) is the major $Ca^{2+}$ extrusion mechanism. NCX has been considered as a relaxation mechanism, as it reduces global $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ raised during activation. However, if NCX locates in the close proximity to the ryanodine receptor, then NCX would curtail $Ca^{2+}$ before its diffusion to global $Ca^{2+}_i$ This will result in a global $[Ca^{2+}]_i$ decrease especially during its ascending phase rather than descending phase. Therefore, NCX would decrease the myocardial contractility rather than inducing relaxation in the heart. This possibility was examined in this study by comparing NCX-induced extrusion of $Ca^{2+}$ after its release from SR in the presence and absence of global $Ca^{2+}_i$ transient in the isolated single rat ventricular myocytes by using patch-clamp technique in a whole-cell configuration. Global $Ca^{2+}_i$ transient was controlled by an internal dialysis with different concentrations of BAPTA added in the pipette. During stimulation with a ramp pulse from +100 mV to -100 mV for 200 ms, global $Ca^{2+}_i$ transient was suppressed only mildly, and completely at 1 mmol/L, and 10 mmol/L BAPTA, respectively. In these situations, ryanodine-sensitive inward NCX current was compared using $100{\mu}mol/L$ ryanodine, $Na^+$ depletion, 5 mmol/L $NaCl_2$ and $1{\mu}mol/L$ nifedipine. Surprisingly, the result showed that the ryanodine-sensitive inward NCX current was well preserved after 10 mmol/L BAPTA to 91 % of that obtained after 1 mmol/L BAPTA. From this result, it is concluded that most of the NCX-induced $Ca^{2+}$ extrusion occurs before the $Ca^{2+}$ diffuses to global $Ca^{2+})i$ in the rat ventricular myocyte.

Voltage Dependent N Type Calcium Channel in Mouse Egg Fertilization

Eum, Jin Hee,Park, Miseon,Yoon, Jung Ah,Yoon, Sook Young The Korean Society of Developmental Biology 2020 발생과 생식 Vol.24 No.4

Repetitive changes in the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca²⁺]i) triggers egg activation, including cortical granule exocytosis, resumption of second meiosis, block to polyspermy, and initiating embryonic development. [Ca²⁺]i oscillations that continue for several hours, are required for the early events of egg activation and possibly connected to further development to the blastocyst stage. The sources of Ca²⁺ ion elevation during [Ca²⁺]i oscillations are Ca²⁺ release from endoplasmic reticulum through inositol 1,4,5 tri-phosphate receptor and Ca²⁺ ion influx through Ca²⁺ channel on the plasma membrane. Ca²⁺ channels have been characterized into voltage-dependent Ca²⁺ channels (VDCCs), ligand-gated Ca²⁺ channel, and leak-channel. VDCCs expressed on muscle cell or neuron is specified into L, T, N, P, Q, and R type VDCs by their activation threshold or their sensitivity to peptide toxins isolated from cone snails and spiders. The present study was aimed to investigate the localization pattern of N and P/Q type voltage-dependent calcium channels in mouse eggs and the role in fertilization. [Ca²⁺]i oscillation was observed in a Ca²⁺ contained medium with sperm factor or adenophostin A injection but disappeared in Ca²⁺ free medium. Ca²⁺ influx was decreased by Lat A. N-VDCC specific inhibitor, ω-Conotoxin CVIIA induced abnormal [Ca²⁺]i oscillation profiles in SrCl₂ treatment. N or P/Q type VDC were distributed on the plasma membrane in cortical cluster form, not in the cytoplasm. Ca²⁺ influx is essential for [Ca²⁺]i oscillation during mammalian fertilization. This Ca²⁺ influx might be controlled through the N or P/Q type VDCCs. Abnormal VDCCs expression of eggs could be tested in fertilization failure or low fertilization eggs in subfertility women.

Octyl Gallate Inhibits ATP-induced Intracellular Calcium Increase in PC12 Cells by Inhibiting Multiple Pathways

Yujie Guo,Yi Jae Hong,Hyun-Jong Jang,Myung-Jun Kim,Duck-Joo Rhie,Yang-Hyeok Jo,Sang June Hahn,Shin Hee Yoon 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2010 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.14 No.1

Phenolic compounds affect intracellular free Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_i) signaling. The study examined whether the simple phenolic compound octyl gallate affects ATP-induced Ca²⁺ signaling in PC12 cells using fura-2-based digital Ca²⁺ imaging and whole-cell patch clamping. Treatment with ATP (100</SUP>ՌM) for 90 s induced increases in [Ca²⁺]_i in PC12 cells. Pretreatment with octyl gallate (100 nM to 20ՌM) for 10 min inhibited the ATP-induced [Ca²⁺]_i response in a concentration-dependent manner (IC₅₀=2.84ՌM). Treatment with octyl gallate (3ՌM) for 10 min significantly inhibited the ATP-induced response following the removal of extracellular Ca²⁺ with nominally Ca²⁺-free HEPES HBSS or depletion of intracellular Ca²⁺ stores with thapsigargin (1ՌM). Treatment for 10 min with the L-type Ca²⁺ channel antagonist nimodipine (1ՌM) significantly inhibited the ATP-induced [Ca²⁺]_i increase, and treatment with octyl gallate further inhibited the ATP-induced response. Treatment with octyl gallate significantly inhibited the [Ca²⁺]_i increase induced by 50 mM KCl. Pretreatment with protein kinase C inhibitors staurosporin (100 nM) and GF109203X (300 nM), or the tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein (50ՌM) did not significantly affect the inhibitory effects of octyl gallate on the ATP-induced response. Treatment with octyl gallate markedly inhibited the ATP-induced currents. Therefore, we conclude that octyl gallate inhibits ATP-induced [Ca²⁺]_i increase in PC12 cells by inhibiting both non-selective P2X receptor-mediated influx of Ca²⁺ from extracellular space and P2Y receptor-induced release of Ca²⁺ from intracellular stores in protein kinase-independent manner. In addition, octyl gallate inhibits the ATP-induced Ca²⁺ responses by inhibiting the secondary activation of voltage-gated Ca²⁺ channels.

Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP>-induced Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> Release from Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Negatively Regulates Myocytic ANP Release in Beating Rabbit Atria

Dan Li,He Xiu Quan,Jin Fu Wen,Jing Yu Jin,Sung Hun Park,Sun Young Kim,Sung Zoo Kim,Kyung Woo Cho 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2005 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.9 No.2

It is not clear whether Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP>-induced Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) is involved in the regulation of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) release. Previously, we have shown that nifedipine increased ANP release, indicating that Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> entry via voltage-gated L-type Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> channel activation decreases ANP release. The purpose of the present study was two-fold: to define the role of SR Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> release in the regulation of ANP release and whether Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> entry via L-type Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> channel is prerequisite for the SR-related effect on ANP release. Experiments were performed in perfused beating rabbit atria. Ryanodine, an inhibitor of SR Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> release, increased atrial myocytic ANP release (8.69⁑3.05, 19.55⁑1.09, 27.31⁑3.51, and 18.91⁑4.76% for 1, 2, 3, and 6μM ryanodine, respectively; all P<0.01) with concomitant decrease in atrial stroke volume and pulse pressure in a dose-dependent manner. In the presence of thapsigargin, an inhibitor of SR Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> pump, ryanodine-induced increase in ANP release was not observed. Thapsigargin attenuated ryanodine-induced decrease in atrial dynamic changes. Blockade of L-type Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> channel with nifedipine abolished ryanodine-induced increase in ANP release (0.69⁑5.58% vs. 27.31⁑3.51%; P<0.001). In the presence of thapsigargin and ryanodine, nifedipine increased ANP release and decreased atrial dynamics. These data suggest that Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP>-induced Ca<SUP>2⁢</SUP> release from the SR is inversely involved in the regulation of atrial myocytic ANP release.

Ca²⁺처리 절단배추의 소포장 단기 저장 특성

김상섭,성기운,황희영,정문철,정신교,Kim, Sang-Seop,Seong, Gi-Un,Hwang, Hee-Young,Jeong, Moon-Cheol,Chung, Shin-Kyo 한국식품저장유통학회 2014 한국식품저장유통학회지 Vol.21 No.2

배추의 신선편이 제품화를 위하여 $Ca^{2+}$용액을 처리하여 소포장 단기 저장 특성을 조사하였다. 배추를 절단($3{\times}3$ cm)하여 2% calcium chloride(Ca), ascorbic acid(As), citric acid(Ct), 2% calcium chloride와 2% citric acid 용액(Ca/Ct)에 침지하여 LDPE 백($18{\times}20$ cm)에 넣어 $5^{\circ}C$에서 6주간 저장하였다. 중량은 0.13~0.72% 감소하였으며, Ca/Ct구의 감소율이 가장 낮았다. 가용성 고형분 함량은 18.85~35.00% 감소하였으며, Ca/Ct구의 감소율이 가장 낮았다. 적정산도는 모든 처리구에서 감소하는 결과를 보였다. Hunter 색차계에 의한 L값은 감소하였으며, a값과 b값은 증가하였다. 관능검사 결과는 Ca/Ct구의 기호도가 가장 높았다. $Ca^{2+}$과 citric acid 처리에 의하여 절단배추의 단기저장 시 선도가 연장되는 효과를 얻을 수 있었다. To enhance the commercialization of fresh cut kimchi cabbage, the short-term storage effect of cut kimchi cabbage treated with $Ca^{2+}$ was studied. Cut kimchi cabbages ($3{\times}3$ cm) were treated with 2% calcium chloride (Ca), ascorbic acid (As), citric acid (Ct), and calcium chloride and citric acid (Ca/Ct), were put inside LDPE bags, and stored at $5^{\circ}C$ for 6 weeks. The weights reduced about 0.13~0.72%, and the ratio was the lowest in the Ca/Ct treatment. The reduction ratios of soluble soilds were 18.85~35.00%, and were the lowest in the Ca/Ct treatment. The titratable acidity decreased in all the treatments. The L values decreased, but a and b values of Hunter colorimeter increased in all the treatments. The preference for Ca/Ct treatment was the highest among all the treatments in the sensory evaluation. The marketing shelf-life of cut kimchi cabbage can be prolonged by the combination treatment of $Ca^{2+}$ and citric acid.

결핵성 복막염에서 CA 125의 진단적 의의

안현택,서강석,김현수,최성규,유종선,김세종 大韓消化器病學會 1998 大韓消化器病學會誌 Vol.32 No.3