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이상익 연세대학교 국학연구원 2007 동방학지 Vol.138 No.-
Reexamination on the Dispute of Kingly and Tyrannical Ways between Chu Hsi(朱熹) and Chin Liang(陳亮) Lee, Sang-Ik* The debate on kingly and tyrannical ways between Chu Hsi(1130~1200) and Chin Liang(1143~1194) has something to do with the issue how to evaluate Han and Tang dynasties. Chin thought that three kingdoms (Ha, Eun and Chou) and two dynasties (Han and Tang) do not have great difference in a sense of their nature, even if so, its difference is just degree. However, Chu had a different idea from chin. In his thought, three kingdoms followed heavenly rules, but two dynasties did desires of human. It will be difficult to judge who is right. However, it will be possible to elucidate their views on ideal man and ideal politics through the debate. Chu's ideal man is a pure confucian(醇儒), but Chin's one is a mature person(成人). While a pure confucian means a man of virtue, a mature person means a man of ability. This difference reflects their different views on ideal politics. Chu regards self-cultivating(修己) and ruling-others(治人) as one thing and their relation as a root-branch relation. Ruling-others is only an external effect of self-cultivating. For Chin, however, the two has no causal connection. They are completely separate beings. Thus, it can be said that ruling-others is only through punishment and reward, not through moral influences. In view of these points, it must be incorrect to regard the debate as a conflict between motivationalism and consequentialism. The issue of the dispute on the surface is about how to evaluate Han and Tang dynasties, and the issue under the surface is how to conceptualize ideal man as a cornerstone for successful politics.
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