http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
李相萬 중앙대학교 경제연구소 1991 經濟論文集 Vol.- No.5
The favorable international environment and the mutual realization of the necessity of intra-Korea economic exchange led to the opening of indirect trade in late 1988. In spite of this exchange of goods between South and North Korea, the volume is still minimal. Form October 1988 to November 1991 imports totalled US $197 million with 34? items. In contrast, for the same period the 54 export items amounted to only US $23 million. Many obstacles hinder to expand Intra-Korea economic relations, foremost among them the vulnerability of such relations to political issues. Even though this barrier, currently indirect trade can develop into direct trade and ultimately to economic cooperation because South and North Korean resource endowments and industrial structures complement each other, economic exchange and cooperation will undoubtedly lead to substantial economic gains. In order to facilitate economic cooperation, the development of economic relations between South and North Korea should proceed incrementally, ultimately heading toward the final realization of an economic unification of the South and North Korea. At the first stage the expansion of indirect trade must be phased into direct trade. In the second stage, direct and indirect and indirect investment must be realized before forming South-North common market. This economic cooperation stage can be followed by the final stage of economic integration whereby factor and product markets are completely liberalized, social overhead capital is jointly invested. All those arrangements will ensure a substantial growth in the overall national economy and a simultaneous rise in the living standards of the people on both regions. In theory, exchange between South and North Korea should be mutually beneficial given the complementary nature of two economies. Interfering with economic exchange, however, are the differing political and economic systems as well as specific internal political and economic conditions. To overcome these difficulties, the following approaches are necessary for the promotion of commerce between South and North Korea. First Inter-Korean economic exchange must proceed in gradual steps, through indirect trade, direct trade, industrial cooperation, and direct and indirect investment. The goal of economic unification should be realized through a step by step process. Second, it is desirable that trade between South and North Korea be treated as domestic rather than international. Third, in the early stages of economic exchange, we should consider horizontal forms of exchange in which raw materials are traded for raw materials and industrial products for industrial products. Fourth, in order to stimulate North Korea's import demand, South Korea must offer large-scale economic cooperation projects including loan.
盧永起 중앙대학교 경제연구소 1990 經濟論文集 Vol.- No.4
The Purpose of this study is to draw lessons and suggestions from experiences of Japan and Taiwan for the Korean economic policy in the convertion period of balance of payment from the deficit to the surplus. Lessons and suggestions from experiences of Japan and Taiwan for the Korean economy to keep the surplus of balance of payments are 1) to revitalize the market economy, 2) to promote free trade with foreign economies, 3) to achieve price stabilization and GNP growth simultaneously, and 4) to improve people's economic welfare. In order to revitalize the market economy in Korea, free competition should be promoted through relaxation of the price and interest rate control and emforcement of the regulation on market concenturation. The promotion of free trade with foreign economies should be in order of import liberalization, foreign currency liberalization and foreign capital investment liberalization. Since the GNP growth is not the final goal but for the economic staility of the nation, the GNP growth should be achieved along with fair distribution of income and balanced growth among regions and especially between agriculture and manufacture. To improve the national economic welfare, the housing market should be normalized along with heavy tax on the capital gain from the speculation on land, and the social security program should be reinforced through more positive redistribution of income.
安國臣 중앙대학교 경제연구소 1991 經濟論文集 Vol.- No.5
Entering 1990s Korean economy is plagued internally by price instability and distribution conflict and externally by growing balance of payments deficit since 1960s. This paper argues that these troubles are inevitalbe consequences of the growth-centered macroeconomic policy. The growth-oriented macroeconomic policy has been revived after a short-lived balanced growth strategy in the Sixth Republic. It is argued that, if the current growth-centered strategy is continued, medium-and long-term prospects of Korean economy will not be bright despite relatively high economic growth because the accompanying wage-price spiral, high interest rate, and land price hike will deepen distribution conflict under inter-sectoral unbalanced growth and worsen balance of payments deficits. A political economy model incorporating class conflict is shown to suggest that price stability-and balance-oriented macroeconomic policy is Pareto improving and conducive to long-term stable economic growth with class harmony. Details of stability-and balance-oriented policy instruments are discussed.