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제9회 PKO 발전 세미나 : 국방대학교 PKO 센터; 유엔참모과정 UN인증 획득
PKO센터 국방대학교 PKO센터 2013 PKO저널 Vol.7 No.-
올해로 한국군의 국제평화유지활동이 만 20년이 된 가운데 국방대학교 PKO센터가 UN DPKO(평화유지국)로부터 2013. 11월 8일부‘UN 교육 인증서’를 받았다. 이는 PKO활동을 위해 파견되는 장병 및 요원들의 양성과 관련 교육에 대한 전문성을 인정받은 것으로서 올해부터 UN은 각국의 교육과정과 내용만 검증했던 기존의 방식에서 탈피하여 UN에서 표준화하여 구성한 상황과 연습 시나리오, 엄격한 기준에 따른 ‘UN 교육 인증’ 절차를 적용하고 있다. 국방대 PKO센터는 지난 9월 9일부터 실시된 후반기 UN파견요원 교육기간 중 11월 1일부터 1주간 UN DPKO 실사단(중령 Khannu Rai)이 참관한 가운데 PKO 파병교육 전반에 관해 세밀하게 검증을 받았다. 이번 실사는 MINUSTAH(아이티), UNIFIL(레바논) 등 세계 각지의 UN 임무단에서 임무를 수행하게 될 18명의 평화유지활동요원들에 대한 파견 전 임무수행 준비 등 교육과정 전반을 처음부터 끝까지 관찰 평가하였다. UN교육인증은 올해 5월 교육인증 신청으로부터 교육체계에 대한 보고, UN이 요구하는 과목에 대한 교안제출, 인증결과 통보까지 총 6단계에 걸쳐 진행이 되었는데, 각 단계별 UN이 설정한 기준을 통과하여야만 다음 단계의 평가가 진행되었다. 국방대 PKO센터의 이러한 성과는 담당 교수진과 실무진의 2년여 동안의 체계적인 준비와 파병전 교육에 임했던 장병들의 우수한 자질과 열정의 결정체라고 할 수 있다. 또한 지난 20년 동안 우리나라가 세계 각국에서 모범적이고 성공적으로 PKO활동을 수행해온 결과와 기여가 밑바탕이 되었다. UN의 교육인증을 통하여 국제사회에서 한국군의 품격 있는 평화유지활동을 도모하고 차후 외국군에 대한 PKO 위탁교육 혹은 교관요원 파견, 주도적인 교류협력을 더욱 활성화 할 수 있으며, 여타 국가의 인증과정을 지원함으로써 지역 내 PKO 활동의 중심국 역할을 수행할 수 있다.
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한국의 평화유지활동 발전 연구: 일본과 중국의 평화유지활동 전략 분석을 중심으로
송석준 ( Seokjun Song ) 국방대학교 PKO센터 2021 PKO저널 Vol.23 No.-
Korea's PKO has been very active for about 28 years since the UN PKO(Peacekeeping Operation) in Somalia in 1993. According to UN, as of 2021, it is the tenth fiscal contribution and the 38th military contribution. Nevertheless, it is required for Korea's PKO are peace-building, and it is has been carrying out missions such as reconstruction support, medical support, security stabilization activities, election monitoring, and civil and military operations. Considering the current situation, Korea's PKO has been carrying out its mission successfully for a relatively long time, which is an internal strength. As the largest beneficiary of the UN in the Korean War, Korea currently has economic, political, military, and cultural capabilities that have developed into a contributing country. However, weak points are the lack of PKO laws and systems, and inefficiency due to the dualization od UN PKO and MFO(Multinational Force Operation) and management. In addition, there is currently a limit to the scope of work due to the operation of the PKO center under the National Defense University. Meanwhile, due to external opportunities, the international community is currently increasing the need for conflict due to various complexities such as ethnicity, religion, and territories. Amid these conflicts, the international community's demand for PKO is also increasing. Among these, Korea's economic, political, military, cultural, and technical capabilities are recognized by the world, demanding that Korea actively participate in PKO in the international community. On the other hand, as a threat, many countries around the world are already actively using PKO as a means of public diplomacy and soft power. And they are using it as a dimension of national interest. We are still somewhat lacking interest in PKO. In addition, the security environment, which has always confronted North Korea, may lead to indifference to PKO. Japan's PKO expanded its scope of activity and became free through legal and institutional supplementation. After the defeat of World War Ⅱ, only the formation of the SDF(Self-defense Force) under the Peace Constitution was possible. However, the PKO Act was enacted in 1992 ad the PKO Act was revised again in 2016, it is curerntly possible to participate in the MFO. China's PKO is participating in the second fiscal contribution and the tenth military contribution. More than 80% of the participating troops are active in the African continent, which is rich in energy resources. China is using PKO as part of its national grand strategy, 'One Belt and One Road'. The Korea's PKO strategy can be summarized into seven categories by combining the above four elements. Among them, it is very important to overcome the 'weakness-threat strategy' that considers (internal) weaknesses and (external) threats. Through active promotion of the Korean government, the public should be aware of the interest and necessity of PKO. Therefore, it is required to ensure of Korea's PKO. If Korea's PKO overcomes these weaknesses and threats and utilizes internal strengths and external opportunities in Korea, it will ne abel to become a leading PKO country.
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카자흐스탄 평화유지활동 사례연구를 통한 대한민국 PKO 발전방안 : 인도-카자흐스탄 연합대대 사례를 중심으로
윤진욱 ( Jinwook Youn ),예스베르게노프 ( Yesbergenov ) 국방대학교 PKO센터 2023 PKO저널 Vol.26 No.-
The purpose of this study is to enhance understanding of PKO in Kazakhstan and to present measures for the development of PKO of ROK through case studies in Kazakhstan. The Republic of Korea needs to come up with a new PKO development plan that fits the reality because it is in a difficult situation at home and abroad, such as the presence of the enemy at hand, the unstable security environment surrounding the Korean Peninsula, and the reduction of military enlistment resources due to a record low birth rate. This study analyzed the cases of PKO of Kazakhstan, which organized a joint peacekeeping force with India, to derive specific conditions and measures for the development of PKO of ROK. The plan is to increase the size of the unit by organizing a combined peacekeeping force, and the expanded and reorganized coalition peacekeeping force should maximize its performance by taking charge of the expanded operational area. The criteria for selecting a country to cooperate for the formation of a joint peacekeeping force are the operation of the International Peace Activity Center, reflection of PKO in the white paper of defense, and the existence of law related to PKO.
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