Model Building for Korean Domestic Tourism Policy

Lee, Jang-Choon 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1985 觀光硏究論集 Vol.2 No.-

國民觀光政策은 各國에 共通된 政策方向을 設定하여 그 理論을 採用할 수는 없다. 왜냐하면 國土가 넓고 資源이 豊富하고 人口密度가 높은 나라가 있는 反面, 國土가 좁고 資源이 不足하고 人口密度가 높은 나라도 있다. 따라서 國民觀光을 보는 視角은 그 國家의 國土性, 資源性, 歷史性, 國民性, 企業性을 考慮하여 그 國家의 性格에 맞는 國民觀光政策開發이 必要하게 된다. 따라서 本槁에서는 韓國의 實情에 맞는 國民觀光政策開發을 爲하여 國民觀光發展의 歷史的 接近을 시도하였고 國民觀光과 社會福祉와의 相關關係를 구명하였다. 그리고 1991年까지의 韓國의 國民觀光客數를 統計的 接近方法으로 그 需要豫測을 實施하였다. 需要充足을 爲한 韓國型 國民觀光政策開發의 模型定立을 爲해 模型定立에 必要한 旣存 哲學으로서 規範的 接近法 特히 價値介入的인 接近法이 Positive Science와 調和를 이루어야 한다는 方向을 設定하였다. 國民觀光政策開發의 模型은 國民觀光資源政策 開發模型, 國民觀光施設 開發模型, 國民觀光資料銀行 設立模型, 國民觀光敎育政策開發模型, 國民觀光 서어비스 Center 開發模型, 國民觀光倫理定立模型, 國民觀光地開發主體와 開發財源調達模型, 國民觀光施設 및 組織開發模型으로 分類하여 그 方案을 제시하였다. 이러한 模型이 效果的으로 政策에 反映되게 하기 爲하여 NTO로서 KNTC의 役割을 企劃 및 調査硏究機能과 자문機能을 강화할 必要가 있다고 分析되었다.

外來觀光客 誘致增大方案에 關한 考察 : 日本市場을 中心으로

高錫勉 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1986 觀光硏究論集 Vol.3 No.-

The number of Japanese tourists visiting Korea has been increased gradually for the advantages. Such as small travelling expenses and short distance between Japan and Korea. In East Asia and pacific area the regional tourists take 55% of the whole tourists in that area, and one third of the regional tourists are Japanese. In connection with the remarkable increase of Japanese oversea tourists the number of competitive nations to attract them is also increasing every year. As Japanese government enacted the law of oversea tour liberalization in 1964 and the diplomatic relations between Korea and Japan normalized in 1965, the number of Japanese tourists visiting korea became on the increase since. However it comes to a stand still at present. Consequently it's inevitable to analize Japanese market in various aspects and obtain systematic support from our government in order to achieve the goal of inviting at least 1 million Japanese tourists. In our country approximately 500,000 persons go abroad every year through the liberalization of oversea tour for sightseeing over 50 years old since Jan.5.1983 and the number of Korean tourists visiting Japan is also increasing every year. Accordingly those Korean tourists going abroad should be well-trained to introduce our country to foreigners well enough to attract them. Especially it's urgent for our government to attract more Japanese tourists through information activities and establishment of solid accommodations, as for attracting foreign tourists it's necessary to induce Japanese Travel Agents to sell our products within enthusiam and to enlarge the no-visa system. In addition it's also necessary to increase the number of our travel agents in Japan and step up marketing activity for attracting female tourists in particular. As for the establishment of accommodations we should accelerate the construction of Youth Hostels, golf links for the exclusive use by foreigners and restaurants for group tourists and besides we should also decide in advance on domestic travel fares so as for international travelling agents to easily make hotel arrangements. In conclusion those ideas mentioned above will contribute to achieving our government's target for attracting 2 million foreign tourists ahead of time and also be a turning point for our country to by taken off as an advanced sightseeing country.

外來觀光客 誘致增大를 위한 標的 觀光市場의 選定에 관한 硏究

金東憲 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1986 觀光硏究論集 Vol.3 No.-

In formulation and development of tourism marketing strategies, the efficiency and the effectiveness of the strategies themselves have been too strongly emphasized. Thus, the stage of the selection of the target market has been comparatively overlooked. If we understand a tourism marketing strategy as a set of a whole process, an equal emphasis and thorough observation should be given to each aspect of the process. As a synthetic marketing program, in order to achieve efficiency and effectiveness of marketing strategies, the selection of a target market is very important. Because the target market is where the strategy works. This study is to provide an objective method of selecting target markets in the process of tourism marketing. The conventional method of approaching to the selection of target markets is a market segmentation. But the market segmentation is not the only or the best way to select a target market. Even more crucial to the selection of a target market are the Product Portfolio Analysis and the Diversification Analysis. If the target is inappropriately aimed, the arrow will just miss it.

삶의 드라마를 延期하는 居住空間에 관한 몇가지 考察

萩原 溢惠 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1985 觀光硏究論集 Vol.2 No.-

朝鮮時代 觀遊旅行에 관한 硏究 : a study of Koren native travel: Part I of Yi-Dynasty

韓京洙 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1988 觀光硏究論集 Vol.5 No.-

The original purpose of this study is to recollect Korean native travel of Yi-Dynasty discontinued by Japanese rule, Korean War and rapid economic growth during 1960's-1980's and also to look travel literature which has been treated on literary filed in the light of tourism field and especially to examine all things concerned with pleasure-seeking travel. In 2nd chapter; travel background of Yi-Dynasty. 1. Characteristics of travel of Yi-Dynasty A) life patterning and travel age Age between 30's and 50's shows the highest rate of travel frequency because they have much free time from family duty, government duty and others. B) status system and travel The nobility (Yang-Ban), bureaucrat and officials travelled most frequently. However, King, King's family and womenfolk of the nobility have some records of travelling.C) folkcustoms and travel Some documents of folkcustoms show travel records of low status, which means during Yi-Dynasty low class also travelled though short-distance. 2. arrangement of travel documents A) analysis by Kings and travel-nations ? Kings who had many travel records are 14th, 16th, 19th, 21th and 23th, whose reasons are concerned with political and social situation. ? Destinations(nations) are more than half domestic (Korean peninsular) and almost half foreign countries (36% to China, 12% to Japan). B) terminology concerned with travel The use of "TOURISM" (Gwan-Gwang; 觀光) word traces back to around 1470 and also was found in 1511 and 1844 through travel record. other words (遊, 行, 遊覽, ?) were examined, too. 3. Analysis of travel motives ? pleasure-seeking (in Korean meanings) : it has 5 motives; difficult to find alternative word for this travel. ? official duties ? condemnation of criminal ? drift ? applying national-examinations ? prisoner of war ? others (religion, business, etc.) In 3rd chapter; analysis of contents of pleasure-seeking travel documents. 1. 11 documents concerned with travel were analyzed centered travel-motives, travel period, travel season, accommodation, transportation, etc. 2. Their motives are classified into building up strong-will, seeking entertainment, healing mind and body, seeking truth and paradise and making harmony and peace. In 4th chapter; characteristics and roles of pleasure-seeking travel. 1. Characteristics A) travel consciousness; ? invisible relationship between human beings and nature ? The most cherished desire in the life ? fulfillment of pleasure desire as instinct B) travel thought; thought of paradise, Taoism and Buddhism c) destination; More than 60% of travel destinations are areas around Mt, Kumkang north-east, Mt. Myo-hyang west-north and Mt. Baekdu north-north of Korean Peninsular. As of now South Korea has lost large part of its valuable attractions. d) accommodation; public house, private house, temple, etc. e) meal; foods of temple, private and public house, instant food. f) travel guide; by Buddhist monks and nuns for nobility in return for guide they received valuable goods from travellers. g) travel companion; friends, Buddhist monk or nun, sometimes young servant. h) transportation; horses donkey, open palanquin, sedan chair 2. Roles ? to nourish sporits and to rise again ? to love country and to be faithful to king ? to fulfil pleasure-instinct ? to make a harmony with friend and people in the village ? and educative role to plan a better life After all, pleasure-seeking travel is not simple travel but one of the most valuable activities in human affairs to give a lesson to travellers and also to make them feel one-body with nature. Further study is to find travel-record and folkcustoms-record, to study relationship between social situation and travel culture, to arrange terminlology concerned with travel, to clarify the role of temple and Buddhist monk in tour guide, etc.

觀光農場業이라는 用語의 定義에 관한 硏究

李亢求 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1988 觀光硏究論集 Vol.5 No.-

晋州地域 觀光開發方案

徐台洋 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1985 觀光硏究論集 Vol.2 No.-

It is very natural to the current of the limes that today's tourism is an essential factor in the life of modern people as a national tourism which the public take part in. But there is a lof of problem in the development of the tourist resorts and accommodation as compared with the people's strong desire of recreation. Especially the number of Domestic tourists increased a lot each year, 8% per year from 1970 to 1982. Our people's sightseeing participating rate is 58.2% (the number is 22.650.000), which shows that we are now in national tourism period. The rate will be 67.7% in 1986, 76.5% in 1991, 84.5% in 1999 and 92.3% in rool. Though there are 227 designated national resorts, the development is made only on the basic building such as the entrances, parking place hotels and inns, which is not proper for the moring sightseeing, so we meet poor national tourism period in which there's no place to visit due to the crowds. Examined as a national resort, Jin Ju is an educational city with 70,000 students among 220.000 population and has a basis of Harang spirit which emphasizes homelinss, humanity and integrity. It has a lot of human resources and social resources, the scenes of a former battles, and cultural inheritances especially Remains of Chinju Castle, Ch'oksongnu, eu-am Kaechion Art Festival. Though it has such enough circumstances to be developed as a sightseeing city, it does not function as that. To make Jinju area work as a sightseeing city, 1. Arrangement of water supply and rainage, pavement of street, sewage disposal equipment, building of guide sign and making of guide map should be enlarged. 2. Synthetic development of Namgang river should be made, such as pollution prevention in Namgang river, dredging operation, artificial assistant dam building. Bong Juk Jun and the development of recreation facilities. 3. The image of a fortress city and cultural city should be felt through the connected development of relics such of as the building of Nam-mun, redevelopment of Jinyang lake and old tombs in Ouk Bong and Su Jung Bong. 4. More outside tourists should be created through the serialization of accommodations such as tourist hotel and youth hotel and then the sound recreation of 76.000 students in Jinju city should be made. 5. The superioty of Jinju art should be presented to the tourists by making tourism resourcess of Jinju folk art like Pal Jun mu and Han rang mu and enlarging recreation equipments. 6. Urbanites fired of city life should be able to have fresh air and stress removing circumstances and should be supplied food, walk and resting space through the fostering of tourism industry. 7. local sightseeing products, local food and Jinju sightseeing course should be developed. As a local sightseeing product, Jinju pottery has a long tradition from Kayo period. By building Do Yo Chon, mass-producting of (Idodawan) Japanese national treasure, is possible and Do Yo Ge of each period and Do Bang and the life of Do Gong can be showed at a glance. As local food, Pibimbab Hae-Jang-Guk and H대 Jebab should be specialized cansideriy sanitary facilities and seating capacity. Jinju sightseeing course can be developed into two courses, city tour course and southern part circulating course. City tour course makes fresh Jinju as a sightseeing city connecting. Ch'oksongnu-Remains of Chinju castle.-Namgang-Ouk Bong·Su Jung Bong-Uigoksa·Be Bong nu-Jin Yangho and soutern part circulating course makes tourists enjoy former battles, culture, moutains, seas, and a hot spring connecting Jinju-JiRi san-Yeosu-Chung mu-Bu Guk. These two should be developed the most desirable and disinct sightseeing course to be highlighted.

韓國의 福祉觀光政策評價에 관한 硏究

張惠淑 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1988 觀光硏究論集 Vol.5 No.-

1. Background of this Study: As the tourist activity has been deeply rooted in our daily life as one of important social phenomena, the government should be interested in the tourism so that much more people can enjoy sightseeing more cheaply and conveniently. Many people have made use of their leisure. Because the improvement of their life style and the increasing of their leisure have been caused by the change of the industrial structure, the valuation to the life, the ostentatious consumption, and the government's efforts for social welfare. There should be the government's consideration for tourism in order that balanced development of social tourism policy may help release the psychological conflicts between the class of participants and non-participants. But the social tourism policy should be set in the side of social welfare. Because it only could be possible on the basis of consideration to the realistic limits on the part of supply not to accept the increasing demands from the people enjoying their leisure and the government's efforts to realize the social tourism. In the past, the government thought that new policies could be well done if only they supported financially for them. But there has been concerning more and more about the result of those new policies to reach the goal or not. While people's standpoint to the importance of the policies evaluation has been focused on whether those policies made a good result or not. The decision makers have considered the effectiveness of those policies that they became interested in this study to find out if those were well conducted to the goal. That's why scientific and rational evaluation of policy could point out the direction to making up the new plans. 2. Methodology used in this Study: This study was prepared by following domestic and overseas articles and writings; many of these references are quoted. Also, a number of personal interview were conducted. 3. Scope and procedures of this Study: The development of social tourism policy toward social equity could release the psychological conflicts between the class of participants and non-participants. And as it could estimate the effectiveness rationally and scientifically to know whether their purpose was realized correctly or not, it could point out the directions for making up the new plans. This study has been divided into four chapters. 1) Chapter 1 : Introduction 2) Chapter 2 : Theoretical background on the evaluation of social tourism policy 3) Chapter 3 : Evaluation for social tourism policy in Korea. 4) Chapter 4 : Conclusion and Recommendation. 4. Conclusion: Recongnizing the necessity of evaluation, it could be applied to the direction for the establishment of social tourism policy for the future. And though it could be hasty to evaluate, I hope that this trial for the evaluation theoretically to social tourism policy could help study subjects of this field. At this point of time when we try to realize the welfare state as our goal, our government thinks the social tourism policy (1987 - 2001) as the settlement of realizing everybody's participation in tourism to the degree of that of developed countries. 1) The social tourism in Korea could be possible only after social tourism policy, public supports and social welfare system are settled and spread. 2) The social equity should be realized by the improvement of tour condition for nonparticipants. At the same time, there should be the formation of social environment with participating trend so as to improve the quality of life. 3) We should think over our situation; our tradition, history, and the position of divided into two parts, and recreat our new directions corresponding to the democratic system, when we are willing to add the theory and model of developed country to our social tourism policy in order to make up our own style.

航空輸送마케팅의 能率側定에 관한 硏究

金東憲 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1988 觀光硏究論集 Vol.5 No.-

The marketing concept in the air transportation industry has not systematically been developed in compare to that of manufacturing industry. Also, it was true that the air transportation industry enjoyed comparatively high growth in revenue under the regulation policy of each government can no longer be under the protection of government. The competition in pricing (fare), passenger services and convinience in schedule, is keen between airlines. In order to overcome the keen competition, air transportation industry adapted the marketing concept than ever before. To be successful, the evaluation and measurement technique of the marketing activities is essential in the industry.

韓末 淸·日·露의 角逐이 鑄貨에 미친 影響에 대한 小考

李仙熙 京畿大學校 附設 觀光開發硏究所 1985 觀光硏究論集 Vol.2 No.-