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Meyer, Roland,Zhang, Xiangyang,Nau, Werner M. Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.12
Azoalkanes of the 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene type have been introduced as probes for antioxidants in homogeneous solution as well as in liposomes and micelles. The bimolecular fluorescence quenching of the bridgehead dichloro-substituted 1,4-dichloro-2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene (3) was compared with that of the parent compound 2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene (1) and the bridgehead-dialkylated compound 4-methyl-1-isopropyl-2,3-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]-oct-2-ene (2). Compound 3 showed a more efficient fluorescence quenching in C-H containing solvents (e.g., in n-hexane: 30 ns for 3 versus 340 ns for 1 and 770 ns for 2), but a less efficient quenching in aqueous solution (e.g., in deaerated $H_2O$: 485 ns for 3 versus 420 ns for 1 and 340 ns for 2), and also by molecular oxygen ($k_q/10^9M^{-1}s^{-1}$ = 0.32 for 3 versus 2.5 for 1 and 1.9 for 2). Towards low-molecular weight antioxidants, compound 3 showed a significantly higher reactivity (e.g., for reduced glutathione: $k_q/10^9M^{-1}s^{-1}$ = 1.8 for 3 versus 0.82 for 1 and 0.39 for 2), at the expense of a lower differentiation between the investigated antioxidants (lower selectivity). The increased reactivity of 3 and lower, as well as qualitatively different, selectivity is attributed to a combination of factors, most importantly the slightly increased excitation energy of 3 and its lower excited-state nucleophilicity. The latter was independently corroborated, besides its longer fluorescence lifetime in aqueous solution, through the trends in quenching rate constants of the azoalkanes 1.3 towards electron-deficient versus electron-rich lactone antioxidants of the benzofuranone type. While common inorganic buffer constituents caused no fluorescence quenching, significant quenching was observed, as a curiosity, for hydrogencarbonate ($k_q/10^6M^{-1}s^{-1}$ = 1.7 for 3 versus 2.4 for 1 and 0.45 for 2), with a fully manifested kinetic deuterium isotope effect ($k_q(H_2O)/k_q(D_2O)$ = 12) for 3.
Maen Masadeh,Peter Nau,Subhash Chandra,Jagpal Klair,John Keech,Kalpaj Parekh,Rami El Abiad,Henning Gerke 대한소화기내시경학회 2020 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.53 No.3
Background/Aims: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is a novel procedure for the treatment of achalasia and spastic esophagealdisorders. Experience with POEM is limited, but its reported outcomes are excellent. It is deemed safe even for patients with priorinterventions. Methods: This retrospective review included patients who underwent POEM at a tertiary US center. POEM was performed in amultidisciplinary approach by advanced endoscopists and foregut surgeons. Clinical success was defined as a post-POEM Eckardt score ≤3. Results: A total of 125 patients were included. Median follow-up period was 18 months (interquartile range, 10–22 months). Clinicalsuccess was achieved in 92% of patients and persisted at 12 months in 88% of patients. Mucosal barrier failure (MBF) occurred in7 patients, 2 of whom required surgical intervention. MBF was more common in patients with prior laparoscopic Heller myotomy (19%vs. 3%, p=0.015). MBF requiring surgical intervention occurred early in the learning curve. Conclusions: POEM is safe and effective in the treatment of achalasia and spastic esophageal disorders even after failed priorinterventions.
가중 최소제곱 서포트벡터기계의 혼합모형을 이용한 수익률 기간구조 추정
노성균,심주용,황창하,Nau, Sung-Kyun,Shim, Joo-Yong,Hwang, Chang-Ha 한국통계학회 2008 응용통계연구 Vol.21 No.1
Since the term structure of interest rates (TSIR) has longitudinal data, we should consider as input variables both time left to maturity and time simultaneously to get a more useful and more efficient function estimation. However, since the resulting data set becomes very large, we need to develop a fast and reliable estimation method for large data set. Furthermore, it tends to overestimate TSIR because data are correlated. To solve these problems we propose a mixture of weighted least squares support vector machines. We recognize that the estimate is well smoothed and well explains effects of the third stock market crash in USA through applying the proposed method to the US Treasury bonds data. 수익률 기간구조(term structure of interest rates, 이하 수익률곡선)는 자료의 성격이 경시적(longitudinal)이므로 만기까지 기간과 시간을 동시에 입력변수로 고려해야만 유용하고 효율적인 함수추정이 가능하다. 고러나 이러한 방법은 다루어야 하는 자료가 대용량이기 때문에 대용량 자료에 적합하고 실행속도가 빠른 추정기법을 개발하는 것이 필요하다. 한편 자료에 내재하는 자기상관성 구조 때문에 과대 적합된 추정 결과를 얻기 쉽다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서 가중 LS-SVM(least squares support vector machine, 최소제곱 서포트벡터기계)의 혼합모형을 제안한다. 미국 재무부 채권에 대한 사례연구를 통해서 추정 결과가 증권시장 붕괴 같은 이례적 사건의 현상을 잘 반영하고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.
박원희,최인수,이노갑 한국화학공학회 1972 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.10 No.4
The open loop responses of a pilot plant scale long-tube double effect evaporator were studied theoretically and experimentally. Good agreement has been achieved between the experimentally determined response of the evaporator to the step changes in the final product rate and steam rate and the theoretically predicted response. The overall response of the system can be approximately described by the simple overdamped second order transfer function without transportation Lag.
Uniconazol처리로 誘起된 옥수수 遺傳子 ZmKT4과 ZmKT28의 cloning 및 sequencing
Kwon Kyoo Kang(姜權圭),Ill Sup Nau(盧一燮),Hyo Yeon Lee(李孝淵),Young Il Lee(李榮日),Seon Ha Lee(李善河),Kameya Toshiaki(龜谷壽昭) 한국육종학회 1995 한국육종학회지 Vol.27 No.1
The seedling obtained from uniconazol treatment showed dwarfism and tillering. In order to identify uniconazol-induced genes, cDNA hybridization probes were made from poly(A⁺) RNA isolated from uniconazol-treated seedlings and untreated inbred line seedling(IK), and the putatively regulated clones was detected by the differential screening of the cDNA libray. RNA hybridization experiment revealed that two of the clones were in fact induced by application of uniconazol. mRNAs of ca. 800 and 1,500 baseds was identified by isolated two clones (ZmKT4 and ZmKT28) and markedly increased from 48hr after uniconazol application. ZmKT4 clones showed the highest level of mRNA accumulation in tassels, ears and leaves, and the lowest level in roots. ZmKT28 clone is expressed in the stems, tassels, silks, ears and leaves but no transcripts was detected in roots. Two clone may be associated wit the cell elongation and phase of vegetative growth.
Aged mice show an increased mortality after anesthesia with a standard dose of ketamine/xylazine
Sandra Schuetze,Anja Manig,Sandra Ribes,Roland Nau 한국실험동물학회 2019 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.35 No.2
Geriatric animal models are crucial for a better understanding and an improved therapy of age-related diseases. We observed a high mortality of aged mice after anesthesia with a standard dose of ketamine/xylazine, an anesthetic regimen frequently used in laboratory veterinary medicine. C57BL/6-N mice at the age of 2.14 ± 0.23 months (young mice) and 26.31 ± 2.15 months (aged mice) were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 2 mg ketamine and 0.2 mg xylazine. 4 of 26 aged mice (15.4%) but none of 26 young mice died within 15 min after injection of the anesthetics. The weight of aged mice was significantly higher than that of young mice (32.8 ± 5.4 g versus 23.2 ± 3.4 g, p < 0.0001). Thus, aged mice received lower doses of anesthetics in relation to their body weight which are within the lower range of doses recommended in the literature or even beneath. There were no differences between deceased and surviving aged mice concerning their sex, weight and their motor performance prior to anesthesia. Our data clearly show an age-related increase of mortality upon anesthesia with low standard doses of ketamine/ xylazine. Assessment of weight and motor performance did not help to predict vulnerability of aged mice to the anesthetics. Caution is necessary when this common anesthetic regimen is applied in aged mice: lower doses or the use of alternative anesthetics should be considered to avoid unexpected mortality. The present data from our geriatric mouse model strongly corroborate an age-adjusted reduction of anesthetic doses to reduce anesthesia-related mortality in aged individuals.
Modelling and Analysis of a Nine-phase Induction Motor with Third Harmonic Current Injection
R. R. Bastos,R. M. Valle,S. L. Nau,B. J. Cardoso Filho 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
Using electric motors with a number of phases greater than three may present some advantages over conventional three phase machines in the following applications: high power levels, electric vehicles and applications that require high levels of reliability. Multiphase machines, meaning designs comprising more than three phases, also allows an increase in torque density from the injection of harmonic currents. It is shown in this paper a comprehensive approach for the derivation of equivalent circuits for steady state operation for both fundamental and third harmonic frequencies for a nine-phase motor with concentrated windings and full pitch. Besides that, simulation of the dynamic model of the machine is done to obtain the expected torque improvement.