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The Middle Lamella Remainders on the Surface of Various Mechanical Pulp Fibres
KECHENG LI,XUEQUAN TAN,DONGBO YAN 한국펄프·종이공학회 2006 한국펄프종이학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-
The surface of various mechanical pulp fibres including thermomechanical pulp (TMP), chemithermomechanical pulp (CTMP), and alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP) fibres, were characterized using SEM, AFM, and XPS. With SEM and AFM, middle lamella material was observed to be non-fibrillar, patch-like, while fibre secondary wall was observed to have a microfibrillar structure. It was found that after the first-stage refiner, lignin-rich middle lamella remainders are present on the fibre surface of all three pulps, although most of the fibre surfaces expose microfibrillar structure. After the final-stage refining, large amounts of granules are present on the TMP fibre surface. In contrast, most middle lamella remainders remain on the surface of CTMP fibres after final stage refining and even after peroxide bleaching. XPS results have confirmed that the non-fibrillar surface material is the lignin-rich middle lamella remainder., and the remainders of middle lamella contribute to the high surface lignin concentration.
Ferreras, Julian A.,Stirrett, Karen L.,Lu, Xuequan,Ryu, Jae-Sang,Soll, Clifford E.,Tan, Derek S.,Quadri, Luis E.N. 이화여자대학교 약학연구소 2008 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.18
Phenolic glycolipids (PGLs) are polyketide-derived virulence factors produced by Mycobacterium tuber-culosis, M. leprae, and other mycobacterial pathogens. We have combined bioinformatic, genetic, biochemical, and chemical biology approaches to illuminate the mechanism of chain initiation required for assembly of the p-hydroxyphenyl-polyketide moiety of PGLs. Our studies have led to the identification of a stand-alone, didomain initiation module, FadD22, comprised of a p-hydroxybenzoic acid adenylation domain and an aroyl carrier protein domain. FadD22 forms an acyl-S-enzyme covalent intermediate in the p-hydroxyphenyl-polyketide chain assembly line. We also used this information to develop a small-molecule inhibitor of PGL biosynthesis. Overall, these studies provide insights into the biosynthesis of an important group of small-molecule mycobacterial virulence factors and support the feasibility of targeting PGL biosynthesis to develop new drugs to treat mycobacterial infections.