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졸-겔법으로 제조한 ZrO_2·SiO_2계 결정화 유리의 결정화 및 파괴인성에 관한 연구
신대용,한상목,강위수 강원대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 産業技術硏究 Vol.20 No.A
Precursor gels with the composition of xZrO_2·(100-x)SiO_2 systems (x=10,20 and 30mol%) were prepared by the sol-gel method. Kinetic parameter, such as activation energy, Avrami's exponent, n, and dimensionality crystal growth value, m, have been simultaneously calculated from the DTA data using Kissinger and Matusita equations. The crystallite size dependence on tetragonal to monoclinic transformation of ZrO_2 was investigated using XRD, in relation to the fracture toughness. The crystallization of tetragonal ZrO_2 occurred through 3-dimensional diffusion controlled growth(n=m=2) and the activation energy for crystallization was calculated using Kissinger and Matusita equations, as about 310∼325±10kJ/mol. The growth of t-ZrO_2, in proportion to the cube of radius, increased with increasing heating temperature and heat-treatment time. It was suggested that the diffusion of Zr4+ions by Ostwald ripening was rate-limiting process for the growth of t-ZrO_2 crystallite size. The fracture toughness of xZrO_2·(100-x)SiO_2 systems glass ceramics increased with increasing crystallite size of t-ZrO_2. The fracture toughness of 30ZrO_2·70SiO_2 system glass ceramics heated at 1,100℃ for 5h was 4.84 MPam^1/2 at a critical crystaliite size of 40 nm.
박지은,정연재,박준범,김혜영,유영현,이광식,양원태,김도훈,김종민 한국발생생물학회 2019 발생과 생식 Vol.23 No.3
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR). T2DM is correlated with obesity and most T2DM medications have been developed for enhancing insulin sensitivity. Silk protein fibroin (SPF) from spiders has been suggested as an attractive biomaterial for medical purposes. We generated transgenic rice (TR) expressing SPF and fed it to diabetic BKS.Cg-m+/+Leprdb mice to monitor the changes in blood glucose levels and adipose tissue proteins associated with energy metabolism and insulin signaling. In the present study, the adipocyte size in abdominal fat in TR-SPF-fed mice was remarkably smaller than that of the control. Whereas the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-activated protein kinase and insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) protein levels were increased in abdominal adipose tissues after TR-SPF feeding, levels of six-transmembrane protein of prostate 2 (STAMP2) proteins decreased. Phosphorylation of AMPK at threonine 172 and IRS1 at serine 307 and tyrosine 632 were both increased in adipose tissues from TR-SPFfed mice. Increased expression and phosphorylation of IRS1 at both serine 307 and tyrosine 632 in adipose tissues indicated that adipocytes obtained from abdominal fat in TR-SPF-fed mice were more susceptible to insulin signaling than that of the control. STAMP2 protein levels decreased in adipose tissues from TR-SPF-fed mice, indicating that STAMP2 proteins were reducing adipocytes that were undergoing lipolysis. Taken together, this study showed that TR-SPF was effective in reducing blood glucose levels in diabetic mice and that concurrent lipolysis in abdominal adipocytes was associated with alterations of AMPK, IRS1, and STAMP2. Increased IRS1 expression and its phosphorylation by TR-SFP were considered to be particularly important in the induction of lipolysis in adipocytes, as well as in reducing blood glucose levels in this animal model.
Wie Sung Hwan Military Operations Research Society of Korea 1984 한국국방경영분석학회지 Vol.10 No.2
Consider an m machine flow shop with blocking. The processing time of job j,j=1,..., n on each one of the m machines is equal to the same random variable $X_j$ and is distributed according to $F_i$. We assume that the processing times are stochastically ordered, i.e., $F_{1_{-st}}{<}F_{2_{st}}{<}cdots_{-st}{<}F_n$. We show that the sequence 1,3,5,...,n-1,n,n-2,...,6,4,2 when n is even and sequence 1,3,5,...,n-2,n,n-1 ... 6,4,2 when n is odd minimizes the expected makespan and that the sequence 1,...,n minimizes the expected flow time.
Wie, Gyung-Ah,Cho, Yeong-Ah,Kang, Hyun-hee,Ryu, Kyoung-A,Yoo, Min-Kyoung,Kim, Young-A,Jung, Kyu-Won,Kim, Jeongseon,Lee, Joo-Hyuk,Joung, Hyojee Cambridge University Press 2014 The British journal of nutrition Vol.112 No.2
<P>Cancer is a leading cause of death, and the dietary pattern in Korea is changing rapidly from a traditional Korean diet to a Westernised diet. In the present study, we investigated the effects of dietary factors on cancer risk with a prospective cohort study. Among 26 815 individuals who participated in cancer screening examinations from September 2004 to December 2008, 8024 subjects who completed a self-administered questionnaire concerning demographic and lifestyle factors, and a 3 d food record were selected. As of September 2013, 387 cancer cases were identified from the National Cancer Registry System, and the remaining individuals were included in the control group. The hazard ratio (HR) of cancer for the subjects older than or equal to 50 years of age was higher (HR 1·80, 95 % CI 1·41, 2·31; <I>P</I>< 0·0001) than that for the other subjects. Red meat consumption, Na intake and obesity (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m<SUP>2</SUP>) were positively associated with overall cancer incidence in men (HR 1·41, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·94; <I>P</I>= 0·0382), gastric cancer (HR 2·34, 95 % CI 1·06, 5·19; <I>P</I>= 0·0365) and thyroid cancer (HR 1·56, 95 % CI 1·05, 2·31; <I>P</I>= 0·0270), respectively. Participants who had at least three dietary risk factors among the high intakes of red meat and Na, low intakes of vegetables and fruits, and obesity suggested by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute for Cancer Research at baseline tended to have a higher risk of cancer than the others (HR 1·26, 95 % CI 0·99, 1·60; <I>P</I>= 0·0653). In summary, high intakes of red meat and Na were significant risk factors of cancer among Koreans.</P>
Validation of Free-Vortex Embedded CAA Method for Airfoil Vortex Interaction
Wie, Seong-Yong,Lee, Duck-Joo The Acoustical Society of Korea 2006 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.25 No.e2
Blade-vortex interaction (BVI) is one of the most important phenomena in rotor flow since it causes undesirable intense vibration and noise. Since three dimensional Euler or Navier-Stokes solutions to BVI require very high computational cost, BVI has been approximated by airfoil-vortex interaction (AVI) in chordwise planes. To describe more realistic situations with AVI, three dimensional vortex informations such as position, core size and strength are embedded artificially to Computational Aeroacoustics (CAA) calculation at each computational time step. To implement this requirement, in this paper, a technique called free vortex embedded method was used. And the solution by this method was compared with the solution by conventional method for interaction between freely convected vortex and airfoil. For the application to three dimensional free vortex embedded CAA, two dimensional free vortex embedded CAA method was validated in advance.
Wie-Chang Jin,Gweon-Young Ryu,Chun Yoon,Shin Jung Hyu Korean Chemical Society 1989 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.10 No.6
The$^{13}C$ NMR shifts of a series of para-substituted 9-aryl-tricyclo$[3.3.1.0^{2,8}]$non-9-yl and 8-aryl-tetracyclo$[3.2.1.0^{2,7}.0^{4,6}]$-oct-8-yl cations were measured in $FSO_3H/SO_2ClF \;at\; -90^{\circ}C\; or\; -70^{\circ}C$ in order to examine whether the ${\rho}^{c+}$ values can be used to explain the mechanism for the stabilization of the geometrically rigid cyclopropylcarbinyl cations. Plots of the ${\Delta}{\delta}^{c+}$ shifts against ${\sigma}^{c+}$ reveal excellent linear correlation. The tricyclononyl systems yield a ${\rho}^{c+}$ value of -4.95 with a correlation coefficient r = 0.9948. The tetracyclo-octanyl systems give a ${\rho}^{c+}$ value of -6.39 with r = 0.9943. A fair parallelism exists between the results of $^{19}F$ nmr studies and the change of ${\rho}^{c+}$ values in these cations. Accordingly, the present study established that the ${\rho}^{c+}$ value can be used as a mearsure of the geometric influence for the charge delocalization in cyclopropylcarbinyl cations.
Effective Vaccination and Education Strategies for Emerging Infectious Diseases Such as COVID-19
Wie Seong-Heon,Jung Jaehun,Kim Woo Joo 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.44
Social isolation and control owing to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are easing; however, concerns regarding new infectious diseases have not disappeared. Given epidemic experiences such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the influenza pandemic, Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and COVID-19, it is necessary to prepare for the outbreak of new infectious diseases and situations in which large-scale vaccinations are required. Although the development of vaccines against COVID-19 has contributed greatly to overcoming the pandemic, concerning vaccine side effects from the general public, including medical personnel, and decreased confidence in vaccine efficacy and side effects, present many challenges in promoting and educating vaccinations for new infectious diseases in the future. In addition to plans to develop vaccines for the outbreak of new infectious diseases, education and promotion plans are necessary to administer the latest developments of vaccines to the general public. Moreover, efforts are needed to secure the necessity, legitimacy, and evidence for rapid vaccination on a large scale at the national level. It is also necessary to carefully prepare scientific bases and explanatory statements so that the general public can easily understand them. This study aimed to establish vaccine strategies and vaccination education plans for new infectious diseases that may occur in the future. Many ways to promote vaccination to the general public and healthcare workers should be prepared to ensure that the latest vaccines against new infectious diseases are administered safely. Thus, education and promotion of vaccine efficacy and safety based on specific data from clinical studies are necessary.