Transient virus-induced gene silencing of MaBAM9b efficiently suppressed starch degradation during postharvest banana fruit ripening

Liu Mengting,Li Meng,Wang Yudi,Wang Jingyi,Miao Hongxia,Wang Zhuo,Xu Biyu,Li Xinguo,Jin Zhiqiang,Liu Juhua 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.4

The genetic basis of metabolic pathways that operate during fruit ripening needs to be understood before the nutritional value of the banana can be improved. The banana is a typical starch conversion fruit, and β-amylase is a key enzyme that may play an important role in starch degradation during the ripening process. Musa acuminata β-amylase 9b (MaBAM9b) is closely related to starch degradation. However, its exact function in starch degradation has not been demonstrated in banana. Stable genetic transformation to identify gene function is a time- and energy-consuming process. Thus, an efficient and rapid method is needed for functional identification. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) is a reverse-genetics method based on RNA-mediated antiviral plant defense that has been used to rapidly identify gene functions in plants. The aim of this study was to optimize a transient VIGS system and functionally elucidate MaBAM9b in postharvest banana fruit. Using 2- to 4-mm-thick fruit slices, vacuum infiltration of suspensions of Agrobacterium strains carrying TRV1 and TRV2-MaBAM9b, 0.5% iodine-potassium-iodide (I2-KI) staining for 150 s, and 1:3 TRV1:TRV2-MaBAM9b cultivation at 30 mmHg for 30 s achieved an optical density (OD) of 0.8 at 600 nm; after being incubated on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media for 5 days (d), starch degradation was efficiently suppressed during postharvest banana fruit ripening, as determined by I2-KI staining, total starch content, β-amylase activity, soluble sugar content, and endogenous MaBAM9b expression. The system described here is particularly useful for studying genes and networks involved in starch conversion in fruits, which alone would not produce a visual phenotype. This system will provide a platform for functional genomics and fruit quality improvement in banana.

Cytogenetical Identification in Seven Species of Elytrigia Desv.

Mao Peisheng,Wang Xinguo,Huang Ying,Meng Lin,Mao Peichun 한국초지조사료학회 2009 한국초지조사료학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2009 No.08

The ploid level of 46 germplasms of Elytrigia Desv. were observed and determined with the microscope, which are from 21 countries and areas that United States of America offered. The results showed these accessions were grouped into three distinct ploid levels including diploidy, tetraploidy and hexaploidy in E. intermedia, E. repens, E. elongata, E. pontica, E. caespitosa, E. juncea, E. alatavica. There were 24 diploid accessions, 1 tetraploidy and 1 hexaploidy in E. intermedia; 4 diploid accessions and 3 tetraploidy in E. repens, 6 texaploidy and 1 hexaploidy in E. elongata, 1 diploidy and 2 tetraploidy in E. pontica, all of E. caespitosa, E. juncea and E. alatavica were diploidy.

Study of the preparation and electrochemical performance of porous carbon derived from hypercrosslinked polymers

Wu Lili,Wang Pitao,Chen Xinguo,Zhang Jianqiang,Luo Heming 한국탄소학회 2022 Carbon Letters Vol.32 No.3

Hypercrosslinked polymers HCPs have been widely used as precursors to prepare porous carbon materials because of their highly ordered porous structure and large specific surface area. In this paper, we used a solvothermal method to prepare a hypercrosslinked polymer, and the HCPC-700-A was prepared using an activation method with the hypercrosslinked polymer as the precursor. The effects of different carbon–alkali ratios on the microstructure, composition and electrochemical properties of porous carbon HCP were studied. The results show that the surface of porous carbon HCPC-700-A presents a relatively regular geometric shape, and a large number of pore structures are mainly micro- and mesopores. The specific surface area is 2074.53 m2 g−1, and the average pore size is between 1.29 and 1.93 nm. Porous carbon HCPC-700-1:2 has excellent electrochemical performance in 1 M H2SO4, and the specific capacitance is up to 464.4 F g−1 at a current density of 1 A g−1. The specific capacitance decay rate is 29.72% when the current density is increased from 1 A g−1 to 8 A g−1. After 5000 cycles, the capacitance retention rate is 91.16% at a current density of 2 A g−1, showing excellent electrochemical performance, good cycle stability and perfect energy storage performance. This research provides new experimental ideas for HCPs in the electrochemical energy storage field.

Preparation and electrochemical performance of porous carbon derived from polypyrrole

Wu Lili,Chen Xinguo,Ding Chang,Wang Pitao,Luo Heming 한국탄소학회 2023 Carbon Letters Vol.33 No.2

Supercross-linked polymers are widely used as carbon precursor materials due to their abundant carbon sources and low cost. In this paper, a supercross-linked polymer was prepared by the solvothermal method. The supercross-linked polymer as a precursor and the PPyC-800-A was synthesized by activating this with KOH. The microstructure, structure, and electrochemical performances of porous carbon PPyC-800-A were studied at different of temperature and carbon alkali ratio. According to the results, the porous carbon PPyC-800-1:2 is mainly composed of a stack of spherical particles with a high surface area of 1427.03 m2 g−1, an average pore diameter of 2.32 nm, and a high specific capacitance of 217.7 F g−1 at a current density of 1.0 A g−1 in a 6 M KOH electrolyte. It’s retention rate is 97.58% after 5000 constant current charges and discharges. With a specific capacitance decay rate of 21.91 percent, an energy density of 11.96 Wh kg−1, and a power density of 500.0 W kg−1, the current density rises from 1.0 A g−1 to 10.0 A g−1, exhibiting remarkable electrochemical properties, cycling stability, and energy production performance This study contributes experimental ideas to the field of supercross-linked polymer-derived carbon materials and energy storage.

Transcriptome sequencing and comparative analysis of differentially expressed genes in the roots of Musa Paradisiaca under salt stress

Ji Fusang,Tang Lu,Yang Zhen,Li Yuanyuan,Wang Wenchang,Xu Ya,Li Shuangmei,Li Xinguo 한국식물생명공학회 2021 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.15 No.3

Salt stress severely impacts plant growth and development. Banana, a salt-sensitive plant, has been studied for decades with respect to its physiological and biochemical performances under salt stress. To understand the salinity tolerance mechanisms of banana, the RNA-seq technique is applsied to analyze the transcriptomic changes on roots treated with salt (60 mM NaCl) for 12 h and 24 h in comparison with those cultured in normal condition. Totally, 1466 and 2089 diferentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 542 up- and 924 down-regulated-; 507 up- and 1582 down-regulated genes are identifed after salt treatment at 12 h and 24 h, respectively. Functional annotation analysis indicates that a large number of genes can be involved in several aspects of salt stress response including stress signal transduction, ROS scavenging, osmoregulation and transcription factors (TFs). This study is the frst report of a comprehensive transcriptome-based gene expression profle to analyze banana response to salt stress. The outcomes of this study could facilitate further dissecting the molecular mechanism underlying salt stress response and provide a valuable platform for further genetic improvement of salt tolerance in banana breeding programs.

Identification a novel de novo RUNX2 frameshift mutation associated with cleidocranial dysplasia

Gong Lei,Odilov Bekzod,Han Feng,Liu Fuqiang,Sun Yujing,Zhang Ningxin,Zuo Xiaolin,Yang Jiaojiao,Wang Shouyu,Hou Xinguo,Ren Jianmin 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.6

Background: Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) is a rare genetic disorder affecting bone and cartilage development. Clinical features of CCD comprise short stature, delayed ossification of craniofacial structures with numerous Wormian bones, underdeveloped or aplastic clavicles and multiple dental anomalies. Several studies have revealed that CCD development is strongly linked with different mutations in runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) gene. Objective: Identification and functional characterization of RUNX2 mutation associated with CCD. Methods: We performed genetic testing of a patient with CCD using whole exome sequencing and found a novel RUNX2 frameshift mutation: c.1550delT in a sporadic case. We also compared the functional activity of the mutant and wild-type RUNX2 through immunofluorescence microscopy and osteocalcin promoter luciferase assay. Results: We found a novel RUNX2 frameshift mutation, c.1550delT (p.Trp518Glyfs*60). Both mutant RUNX2 and wild-type RUNX2 protein were similarly confined in the nuclei. The novel mutation caused abrogative transactivation activity of RUNX2 on osteocalcin promoter. Conclusions: We explored a novel RUNX2 deletion/frameshift mutation in a sporadic CCD patient. This finding suggests that the VWRPY domain may play a key role in RUNX2 transactivation ability.