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Metal-assisted chemical etching of Ge surface and its effect on photovoltaic devices
Lee, Seunghyo,Choo, Hyeokseong,Kim, Changheon,Oh, Eunseok,Seo, Dongwan,Lim, Sangwoo Elsevier 2016 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.371 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ge surfaces were etched by means of metal-assisted chemical etching (MaCE). The behavior of the MaCE reaction in diluted H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> was compared with that of a conventional etchant of HF/H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>/H<SUB>2</SUB>O mixture (FPM). Herein we first report that a pyramidal structure on Ge (001) can be prepared by MaCE in dilute H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> solution, without the use of HF. Contrastingly, an octagonal trench structure was prepared by 4/5/1 FPM treatment of Ge (001) surface. This octagonal structure consisted of a square base, four large facets connected to the base, and other four small facets adjacent to the four large facets, which were considered to be (001), {110}, and {111}, respectively. The octagonal trench was formed as a result of the difference in etch rate of Ge depending on the orientation: {100}>{110}>{111}. Ge surfaces treated by MaCE exhibited improved solar cell efficiency due to their improved light absorption, which led to significant increases in the cells’ short circuit current and fill factor. The results suggest that optimized MaCE procedures can be an effective method to improve the performance of Ge-based photovoltaic devices.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ge surface was textured by metal-assisted chemical etching. </LI> <LI> Metal-assisted chemical etching of Ge in H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> produced upward pyramidal structures. </LI> <LI> Metal-assisted chemical etching of Ge in HF-H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB> mixture produced octagonal trenches. </LI> <LI> Solar cell efficiency could be improved by metal-assisted chemical etching. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
케톤성 당뇨와 모야모야병으로 인한 허혈성 뇌졸증 동시 발생
이현주(Hyeonju Lee),이주연(Juyeon Lee),김소리나(Sorina Kim),오민수(Min su Oh),한경희(Kyoung Hee Han),강기수(Ki Soo Kang),김승효(Seunghyo Kim) 대한소아신경학회 2018 대한소아신경학회지 Vol.26 No.1
현재까지 모야모야병을 유발하는 원인으로 바이러스, 세균 감염, 유전, 그리고 자가면 역 기전 등이 제시되고 있지만 정확한 원인은 밝혀져 있지 않다. 이러한 기전들 중에 전신성 홍반성 루프스, 갑상선 기능 항진증 등의 자가면역질환이 대뇌혈관질환과 흔히 동반된다. 이에 반해, 면역질환으로서의 당뇨병과 모야모야병과의 관련성에 대해서는 극히 일부에서 증례로 보고 되고 있다. 하지만, 최근 해외 연구에서 당뇨병과 모야모야 병과의 관련성에 대한 증례 보고가 늘어나고 있다. 국내에서 갑상선 기능 항진증과 모야모야병과의 관련성에 대해서 일부 증례가 보고되고 있으나 갑상선 질환의 동반 없이 항체 양성 제2형 당뇨병과 모야모야병과의 동시 발생에 대해서는 보고된 바가 없다. 이에 저자는 의식저하를 주소로 본 병원을 방문한 환자에서 모야모야병과 당뇨병을 동시에 진단한 환자가 있어서 증례로 보고하는 바이다. 신체 진찰, 혈청 검사에서 자가면역성 제2형 당뇨병이 진단되었고 자가면역성 갑상선 질환의 소견은 보이지 않았다. 뇌자기공명영상에서 좌측 대뇌 반구에서 허혈성 뇌졸중 소견을 보였으며 뇌자기공명혈관조영술에서 양측 모야모야병에 합당한 뇌혈관 병변을 보였다. 이에 신경학적 증상으로 응급실을 방문한 환자에서 당뇨성케톤산증과 급성 허혈성 뇌졸증이 발생한 증례를 보고하는 바이다. Although the etiology of moyamoya disease (MMD) remains unknown, autoimmunity is one of the proposed pathogeneses. Unlike other autoimmune disorders that are associated with cerebral arteritis, concurrence of MMD and diabetes mellitus (DM) is rare. However, we encountered a patient with concurrent diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and acute ischemic stroke due to MMD. Our patient was diagnosed with glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody-positive type 2 DM (T2DM) based on laboratory and physical examination findings. Brain magnetic resonance images revealed an acute ischemic stroke in the left cerebral hemisphere and bilateral diffuse stenosis/occlusion in the middle cerebral artery and multiple collaterals. Thus, here, we report a patient with both T2DM and MMD who developed an acute ischemic stroke that was complicated by DKA.
Seunghyo Noh,Dohyun Kwak,Juseung Lee,강준희,한병찬 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.64 No.6
We utilized first-principles density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations to evaluate the thermodynamicfeasibility of a pyroprocessing methodology for reducing the volume of high-level radioactivematerials and recycling spent nuclear fuels. The thermodynamic properties of transuraniumelements (Pu, Np and Cm) were obtained in electrochemical equilibrium with a LiCl-KCl moltensalt as ionic phases and as adsorbates on a W(110) surface. To accomplish the goal, we rigorouslycalculated the double layer interface structures on an atomic resolution, on the thermodynamicallymost stable configurations on W(110) surfaces and the chemical activities of the transuranium elementsfor various coverages of those elements. Our results indicated that the electrodepositionprocess was very sensitive to the atomic level structures of Cl ions at the double-layer interface. Our studies are easily expandable to general electrochemical applications involving strong redoxreactions of transition metals in non-aqueous solutions.
Analysis of Harbor Tranquility due to Port Expansion
SeungHyo Moon,JoongWoo Lee,SeongMin Kwon,HyunWoo Song 한국항해항만학회 2019 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.43 No.5
This study examined the port expansion plan for the fishery port at the east coast of Korea, in accordance with permission conditions for coastal ports such as a limit on the cargo volume and passenger demand for the coastal tourism belt formation. The site was chosen as a municipal coastal port attracting the new ocean industry and building waterfront zone as a hub of new marine tourism. Two different numerical models (Swan and Bouss 2D) were used. Before applying to the target sea area, some numerical tests were conducted for the variation according to Bouss-2D s strong/weak and nonlinear technique compared to the irregular diffraction of semi-infinite breakwater with a theoretical solution. As a result, there was a difference in strong nonlinearity with breaking waves and it was necessary to experiment with a strong nonlinear analysis technique for the actual site. Two numerical models were applied to the fishery port site and the tranquility of some alternatives were analyzed. The numerical results show the most suitable plan was ALT-1, with satisfied harbor tranquility and reasonable economic sense. The extension of the east breakwater and enlarged turning basin of the F-Land plan have brought generally more stable harbor tranquility than the ALT-1. The result can be used as a reference for the port expansion plan in the future.
Hyeonju Lee,Jae Hong Choi,Dong-Hyeok Kang,Seunghyo Kim,Ki-Soo Kang,Kyoung Hee Han 대한소아신장학회 2020 Childhood kidney diseases Vol.24 No.1
Purpose: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common and serious bacterial infections in children. Therefore, early diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) for treatment planning and the identification of noninvasive markers that can predict renal injury are important in patients with UTIs. We analyzed the clinical features of pediatric UTIs commonly encountered by general practitioners and reinterpreted the blood tests and imaging findings to identify the important clinical predictive markers of VUR in order to selectively perform VCUG. Methods: This retrospective study was performed among 183 children diagnosed with a UTI or acute pyelonephritis. Results: The most significant predictor of high grade and bilateral VUR identified using area under the curve analyses was hydronephrosis on kidney ultrasound images with renal cortical defects on dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) kidney scan simultaneously, followed by hydronephrosis only on kidney ultrasound. Conclusion: The presence of hydronephrosis on kidney ultrasound images or cortical defects or asymmetric kidneys on the DMSA kidney scans can be predictive markers of VUR, reducing the need for VCUG. Our study can thus help minimize the exposure to radiation among patients through selective VCUG.
수소충전소 폭발위험장소 완화를 위한 확산차단벽 최적화 설계
안승효(SEUNGHYO AN),오세현(SEHYEON OH),김은희(EUNHEE KIM),이준서(JUNSEO LEE),마병철(BYUNGCHOL MA) 한국수소및신에너지학회 2023 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.34 No.6
Hydrogen emphasis on safety management due to its high potential for accidents from wide explosive limits and low ignition energy. To prevent accidents, appropriate explosion-proof electrical equipment with installed to safe management of ignition sources. However, designing all facilities with explosionproof structures can significantly increase costs and impose limitations. In this study, we optimize the barrier to effectively control the initial momentum in case of hydrogen release and form the control room as a non-hazardous area. We employed response surface method (RSM), the barrier distance, width and height of the barrier were set as variables. The Box-Behnken design method the selection of 15 cases, and FLACS assessed the presence of hazardous area. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis resulting in an optimized barrier area. Through this methodology, the workplace can optimize the barrier according to the actual workplace conditions and classify reasonable hazardous area, which is believed to secure safety in hydrogen facilities and minimize economic burden.