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서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)
김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1
In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.
Kim, Jiyoung,Kim, Jhoon,Cho, Hi-Ku,Herman, Jay,Park, Sang Seo,Lim, Hyun Kwang,Kim, Jae-Hwan,Miyagawa, Koji,Lee, Yun Gon Copernicus GmbH 2017 Atmospheric measurement techniques Vol.10 No.10
<P><p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Daily total column ozone (TCO) measured using the Pandora spectrophotometer (no. 19) was compared with data from the Dobson (no. 124) and Brewer (no. 148) spectrophotometers, as well as from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) (with two different algorithms, Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) TOMS and differential optical absorption spectroscopy (DOAS) methods), over the 2-year period between March 2012 and March 2014 at Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. Based on the linear-regression method, the TCO from Pandora is closely correlated with those from other instruments with regression coefficients (slopes) of 0.95 (Dobson), 1.00 (Brewer), 0.98 (OMI-TOMS), and 0.97 (OMI-DOAS), and determination coefficients (R2) of 0.95 (Dobson), 0.97 (Brewer), 0.96 (OMI-TOMS), and 0.95 (OMI-DOAS). The daily averaged TCO from Pandora has within 3<span class='thinspace'></span>% differences compared to TCO values from other instruments. For the Dobson measurements in particular, the difference caused by the inconsistency in observation times when compared with the Pandora measurements was up to 12.5<span class='thinspace'></span>% because of diurnal variations in the TCO values. However, the comparison with Brewer after matching the observation time shows agreement with large <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> and small biases. The TCO ratio between Brewer and Pandora shows the 0.98<span class='thinspace'></span>±<span class='thinspace'></span>0.03, and the distributions for relative differences between two instruments are 89.2 and 57.1<span class='thinspace'></span>% of the total data within the error ranges of 3 and 5<span class='thinspace'></span>%, respectively. The TCO ratio between Brewer and Pandora also is partially dependent on solar zenith angle. The error dependence by the observation geometry is essential to the further analysis focusing on the sensitivity of aerosol and the stray-light effect in the instruments.</p> </P>
김준(Jhoon Kim),박상서(Sang Seo Park),조나영(Nayeong Cho),김우경(Woogyung Kim),조희구(Hi Ku Cho) 한국기상학회 2011 대기 Vol.21 No.4
The climatology of surface UV radiation for Seoul, presented in Cho et al. (1998; 2001), has been updated using measurement of surface erythemal ultraviolet (EUV) and total ultraviolet (TUV) irradiance (wavelength 286.5~363.0 ㎚) by a Brewer Spectrophotometer (MK-IV) for the period 2004~2010. The analysis was also carried out together with the broadband total (global) solar irradiance (TR ; 305~2800 nm) and cloud amount to compare with the UV variations, measured by Seoul meteorological station of Korean Meteorological Agency located near the present study site. Under all-sky conditions, the day-to-day variability of EUV exhibits annual mean of 98% in increase and 31% in decrease. It has been also shown that the EUV variability is 17 times as high as the total ozone in positive change, whereas this is 6 times higher in negative change. Thus, the day to day variability is dominantly caused rather by the daily synoptic situations than by the ozone variability. Annual mean value of daily EUV and TUV shows 1.62 kJm?² and 0.63 MJm?² respectively, whereas mean value of TR is 12.4 MJm?² (143.1Wm?²). The yearly maximum in noon-time UV Index (UVI) varies between 9 and 11 depending on time of year. The highest UVI shows 11 on 20 July, 2008 during the period 2004~2010, but for the period 1994~2000, the index of 12 was recorded on 13 July, 1994 (Cho et al., 2001). A 40% of daily maximum UVI belongs to “low (UVI < 2)”, whereas the UVI less than 5% of the maximum show “very high (8 < UVI < 10)”. On average, the maximum UVI exceeded 8 on 9 days per year. The values of Tropospheric Emission Monitoring Internet Service (TEMIS) EUV and UVI under cloud-free conditions are 1.8 times and 1.5 times, respectively, higher than the all-sky measurements by the Brewer. The trend analysis in fractional deviation of monthly UV from the reference value shows a decrease of -0.83% and -0.90% decade?¹ in the EUV and TUV, respectively, whereas the TR trend is near zero (+0.11% decade?¹). The trend is statistically significant except for TR trend (p = 0.279). It is possible that the recent UV decrease is mainly associated with increase in total ozone, but the trend in TR can be attributed to the other parameters such as clouds except the ozone. Certainly, the cloud effects suggest that the reason for the differences between UV and TR trends can be explained. In order to estimate cloud effects, the EUV, TUV and TR irradiances have been also evaluated for clear skies (cloud cover < 25%) and cloudy skies (cloud cover ≥ 75%). Annual mean values show that EUV, TUV and TR are 2.15 kJm?², 0.83 MJm?², and 17.9MJm?² for clear skies, and 1.24 kJm?², 0.46 MJm?², and 7.2 MJm?² for cloudy skies, respectively. As results, the transmission of radiation through clouds under cloudy-sky conditions is observed to be 58%, 55% and 40% for EUV, TUV and TR, respectively. Consequently, it is clear that the cloud effects on EUV and TUV are 18% and 15%, respectively lower than the effects on TR under cloudy-sky conditions. Clouds under all-sky conditions (average of cloud cover is 5 tenths) reduced the EUV and TUV to about 25% of the clear-sky (cloud cover < 25%) values, whereas for TR, this was 31%. As a result, it is noted that the UV radiation is attenuated less than TR by clouds under all weather conditions.
김상준(Sang Jhoon Kim),장인택(In Taik Chang),하동수(Dong Su Ha),지경천(Kyung Chun Chi),이정효(Jung Hyo Lee) 대한소화기학회 1993 대한소화기학회지 Vol.25 No.5
Anomalous positions of thc gallbladder are infrequent radiographic and surgical findings. The left-sided gallbladder in the absence of situs inversus is one of the rarest anomaly of this organ. The pre-operative diagnosis may be difficult to establish radiographically because unusual gallbladder orientations are not common and the relationship to the liver is often indeterminable. The authors experienced a case of left sided gallbladder and present the case with brief review of the literatures.
김상준(Sang Jhoon Kim),신준호(Juhn Ho Shin),장인택(In Taik Chang) 대한소화기학회 1993 대한소화기학회지 Vol.25 No.5
N/A Residual stones after biliary tract surgery were a formidable task for surgeons. So several nonoperative procedures have developed for the management of this problem. Among these procedures. extraction of residual stones using Dormia Basket was increased more and more because of the low morbidity and high success rates. This report is an analysis of 60 patients who underwent residual stone extraction using Dormia Basket from February 1989 through August 1992. There were 23 men and 37 female, whose age ranged from 29 to 74 years. The incidence was 12 cases at the 6th decade, 9 cases at the 5th decade in order of frequency. The most common symptom was RUQ pain (96.7%). Stone extraction using Dormia Basket was performed 110 time. Mean interval between the operation and the stone extraction was 51.8 days. Thc mean interval between each procedure was 11.7 days. Biliary stenosis was detected in 33 patients and dilatation was detected in 51 patients. Success rates of stone extraction was 83.3% The major causes of faiIure were impacted stones in 14 cases, ductal stenosis in 14 cases and large stone in 5 cases and the complications were RUQ pain in 16 cases and diarrhea in 14 cases but they improved progressively.