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( Jeongsoo Sohn ),( Sookyung Kim ),( Donghyo Yang ),( Kangin Rhee ),( Hongin Kim ),( Kiwoong Lee ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 3RINCs초록집 Vol.2015 No.-
The final goal of this research is to develop the commercialized technologies of recycling process on the spent lithium-ion battery used in electric vehicles. The contents and scope of this paper are demonstration on the pilot scale physical treatment process of the spent lithium-ion battery, developing recycling technology with the chemical leaching process on the crushed lithium-ion batteries, and the removal of impurities in leaching solution such as Fe and Al ions. The spent lithium-ion battery pack(227 kg) is made of 12 modules which are composed of 11 cells. This pack was dismantled manually in the dismantling line which is composed of lift, conveyor belt and hood system with the dismantling capacity of 50 packs/day. After dismantling, cells are crushed and separated. The result by crushing and separation showed that over 95% of valuable metals such as Co, Ni, Mn were concentrated into fine powders with 1-3 mm particle size. On the other hand over 95% of aluminum foils are separated from fine powders with 65 mesh screen. Through reductive leaching with H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, leaching efficiency of valuable metals with -65mesh powder was almost 99 % Co, Mn, Ni and Li under the condition of 2M H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, 5 vol. % H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, 60 ℃, 300 rpm, 50 g/500 ml, and 2 h. After removing some impurities such as Cu, Al, and Fe the leaching solutions containing Co, Mn, Ni, and Li could be utilized for the source material of Li-ion battery. In this paper Taylor reactor was introduced to precipitate Fe and Al into hydroxides.
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폐리튬이온전지로부터 유가금속을 회수하기 위한 암모니아 침출법
구희숙,정여진,강가희,김송이,김수경,양동효,이강인,손정수,권경중,Ku, Heesuk,Jung, Yeojin,Kang, Ga-hee,Kim, Songlee,Kim, Sookyung,Yang, Donghyo,Rhee, Kangin,Sohn, Jeongsoo,Kwon, Kyungjung 한국자원리싸이클링학회 2015 資源 리싸이클링 Vol.24 No.3
전기자동차의 수요가 증가함에 따라 리튬이온전지의 생산량도 증가하여 효율적인 전지 재활용 기술이 요구된다. 폐리튬이온전지를 재활용하는 방법에는 크게 건식제련과 습식제련에 기반한 방법으로 나눌 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 하이브리드 자동차에 사용된 폐리튬이온전지의 양극활물질을 습식제련에 기반한 암모니아침출법을 이용하여 활물질 내의 유용금속인 Ni, Mn, Co의 침출거동을 조사하였다. 물리적으로 처리된 활물질의 입자크기는 -65 mesh이며, 주된 원소는 14.0 wt% Ni, 13.0 wt% Mn, 5.7 wt% Co이다. 암모니아, 환원제 (아황산암모늄), pH 완충제 (탄산암모늄 혹은 황산암모늄)의 존재하에 각 금속의 침출거동을 확인하고, 또한 침출시간과 온도에 따른 침출률의 영향도 조사하였다. 환원제의 존재는 Ni과 Co의 침출률 향상을 위해 필수적이다. 암모니아침출법은 산침출법과 달리 Ni/Co와 Mn의 선택적인 침출이 가능하여 침출된 유용금속을 분리하는 단계를 줄일 수 있고, 산침출 후 수반되는 침전과정 시 필요로 하는 추가 염기성 시약의 사용을 줄일 수 있다. Recycling technologies would be required in consideration of increasing demand in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In this study, the leaching behavior of Ni, Co and Mn is investigated with ammoniacal medium for spent cathode active materials, which are separated from a commercial LIB pack in hybrid electric vehicles. The leaching behavior of each metal is analyzed in the presence of reducing agent and pH buffering agent. The existence of reducing agent is necessary to increase the leaching efficiency of Ni and Co. The leaching of Mn is insignificant even with the existence of reducing agent in contrast to Ni and Co. The most conspicuous difference between acid and ammoniacal leaching would be the selective leaching behavior between Ni/Co and Mn. The ammoniacal leaching can reduce the cost of basic reagent that makes the pH of leachate higher for the precipitation of leached metals in the acid leaching.
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