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( Owen Flanagan ) 성균관대학교 유교문화연구소 2019 儒敎文化硏究(中文版) Vol.0 No.32
Classical Confucianism says that ritual propriety (li 禮) is necessary to bind society and produce a harmonious and peaceful social order. Secular liberal moral and political theories are skeptical that shared manners, etiquette, rituals, and rites are necessary to bind society and produce intrastate harmony and peace. Liberalism, especially liberalism adapted to cosmopolitan and multicultural states, proposes that an overlapping consensus about values can be sufficient to bind a people, without shared norms governing li. It might be true that shared values can bind a liberal multi-culture without shared li, while at the same time there are costs associated with doing without li, or abiding a plural li. Some philosophers associate li with conservative social orders and are glad to see the li dissipate with the recession of such orders. Others think that we need to recognize the costs associated with li-lessness, and that liberal, multicultural orders have, and/or are in need of creating or recreating li in order to sustain a harmonious common life. This paper revisits this debate and explores the question of whether and how Chinese Confucian philosophy sheds light on the normative contribution li makes to human life, and whether and to what degree this depends on whether the culture or nation state is liberal or liberal and multicultural. This will enable us to evaluate whether we in the North Atlantic should want more, less, or none of li.
National Division, Rural Lives, and Anti-war Sentiment in Cha Beom-seok's Forest Fire
Owen Stampton 한국학중앙연구원 한국학중앙연구원 2018 THE REVIEW OF KOREAN STUDIES Vol.21 No.1
Realist playwright Cha Beom-seok’s name is synonymous with the Korean stage. Despite a significant body of work, his 1962 play Forest Fire has attracted the most attention achieving both critical and commercial acclaim during the socio-economically difficult time that was post-war South Korea. Academic work on Cha’s writing naturally focuses on the realist elements of his plays, although a number of studies focus on thematic elements of anti-communism across his plays due to the trend of nationalistic writing that stressed anti-communist rhetoric in the post-war years. Despite this interpretation, there is also a significant amount of evidence that points towards a more balanced, anti-war stance especially relating to Forest Fire. This work explores a number of ways in which Cha presents anti-war views rather than attacking a particular ideology, such as his exploration of distrust and suspicion as a symptom of ideological conflict on village dynamics, war’s destructive effects on human beings abilities of feel love and sexual fulfillment, and also the way in which the stage and set design can be used to convey his views on the effects that the war had on Koreanness.
Effect of Ventilation System in preventing the Infection of COVID-19 in Classrooms
Owen Anderton,Sowoo Park,Doo Sam Song 대한설비공학회 2022 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2022 No.6
This study aims to analyze the effect of ventilation system in preventing the infection of COVID-19 in classrooms. We have set 30 classrooms as target classrooms whereby ventilation system is installed in 10 classrooms and remaining 20 classrooms without ventilation system. The infection probability for each class was calculated using Wells-Riley equation which was combined the concept of rebreathed fraction. We also considered the filtration effect(mask wearing). This work presented the result of field measurement analysis on the effect of ventilation system in reducing the infection probability through CO₂ monitoring. Our results show that the probability of infection was reduced by 61.6% in the classroom with ventilation system compared to the classroom without ventilation system.
Stable Nitrogen Isotopes in a Forested Watershed in Taiwan
Owen, Jeffrey S. Institute of Forest Science 2013 Journal of Forest Science Vol.29 No.2
Differences in rates and patterns of nitrogen cycling have been correlated with nitrogen stable isotope measurements in forest ecosystems of tropical and temperate regions, but limited similar work has been conducted in sub-tropical forests. This study investigated patterns in stable N isotopic composition in a subtropical forest in Taiwan by sampling three soil profiles and overstory and understory foliage. Soil ${\delta}^{15}N$ in the forest floor ranged from -1.8 to -1.8‰. Mineral soils had higher ${\delta}^{15}N$ (4.1 to 6.0‰). Foliage ${\delta}^{15}N$ in overstory trees ranged from -6.6 to -2.0‰, and understory foliage ${\delta}^{15}N$ ranged from -5.0 to -1.2‰. There was a weak correlation between foliar % N and ${\delta}^{15}N$ ($r^2=0.214$). Compared to results from similar surveys in tropical and temperate forests, foliar ${\delta}^{15}N$ values were generally lower. These results help highlight the need for improved knowledge regarding the relationships between patterns in N stable isotopes and processes affecting rates of N cycling, especially as related to wider scale patterns in forest ecosystems within the east-Asia region.
Owen, Jeffrey S.,Pyo, Sunyeon,Kang, Guyoung Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.5
Biocatalytic degradation of total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) in contaminated soil by hemoglobin and hydrogen peroxide is an effective soil remediation method. This study used a laboratory soil reactor experiment to evaluate the effectiveness of a nonspecific biocatalytic reaction with hemoglobin and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> for treating TPH-contaminated soil. We also quantified changes in the soil microbial community using real-time PCR analysis during the experimental treatment. The results show that the measured rate constant for the reaction with added hemoglobin was 0.051/day, about 3.5 times higher than the constant for the reaction with only H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (0.014/day). After four weeks of treatment, 76% of the initial soil TPH concentration was removed with hemoglobin and hydrogen peroxide treatment. The removal of initial soil TPH concentration was 26% when only hydrogen peroxide was used. The soil microbial community, based on 16S rRNA gene copy number, was higher (7.1 × 10<sup>6</sup> copy number/g of bacteria, and 7.4 × 10<sup>5</sup> copy number/g of Archaea, respectively) in the hemoglobin catalyzed treatment. Our results show that TPH treatment in contaminated soil using hemoglobin catalyzed oxidation led to the enhanced removal effectiveness and was non-toxic to the native soil microbial community in the initial soil.