Biocontrol Potential of Fungal Endophytes against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum Causing Wilt in Cucumber

Manzoor Ali Abro,Xiang Sun,Xingchun Li,Ghulam Hussain Jatoi,Liang-Dong Guo 한국식물병리학회 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.6

Endophytic fungi have received much attention as plant growth promoters as well as biological control agents against many plant pathogens. In this study, 30 endophytic fungal species, isolated from various plants in China, were evaluated using in vitro dual culture assay against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, causing wilt in cucumber. The results of the present study clearly showed that all the 30 endophytic fungal isolates were highly capable of inhibiting the mycelial colony growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum with inhibition % over 66% as compared to control treatments. Among all of them, 5 isolates were highly effective such as, Penicillium sp., Guignardia mangiferae, Hypocrea sp., Neurospora sp., Eupenicillium javanicum, and Lasiodiplodia theobromae, respectively. The Penicillium sp. and Hypocrea sp. were highly effective as compared to other isolates. From in vitro results 10 best isolates were selected for greenhouse studies. The results of the greenhouse studies showed that among all of them 3 endophytic fungal isolates successfully suppressed wilt severity when co-inoculation with pathogen Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. The endophytic fungi also enhanced plant growth parameters of the host plants, the antagonistic fungal isolates increased over all plant height, aerial fresh, and dry weight as compared to control.

Biocontrol Potential of Fungal Endophytes against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum Causing Wilt in Cucumber

Abro, Manzoor Ali,Sun, Xiang,Li, Xingchun,Jatoi, Ghulam Hussain,Guo, Liang-Dong The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2019 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.35 No.6

Endophytic fungi have received much attention as plant growth promoters as well as biological control agents against many plant pathogens. In this study, 30 endophytic fungal species, isolated from various plants in China, were evaluated using in vitro dual culture assay against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum, causing wilt in cucumber. The results of the present study clearly showed that all the 30 endophytic fungal isolates were highly capable of inhibiting the mycelial colony growth of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum with inhibition % over 66% as compared to control treatments. Among all of them, 5 isolates were highly effective such as, Penicillium sp., Guignardia mangiferae, Hypocrea sp., Neurospora sp., Eupenicillium javanicum, and Lasiodiplodia theobromae, respectively. The Penicillium sp. and Hypocrea sp. were highly effective as compared to other isolates. From in vitro results 10 best isolates were selected for greenhouse studies. The results of the greenhouse studies showed that among all of them 3 endophytic fungal isolates successfully suppressed wilt severity when co-inoculation with pathogen Fusarium. oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum. The endophytic fungi also enhanced plant growth parameters of the host plants, the antagonistic fungal isolates increased over all plant height, aerial fresh, and dry weight as compared to control.

Elimination of solidification shrinkage defects in the casting of aluminum alloy

Rashid Ali,Muhammad Zafar,Tareq Manzoor,Woo-Young Kim,Muhammad Usman Rashid,Syed Zameer Abbas,Behzad Ahmed Zai,Muddassir Ali 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.5

In this study, the analysis is carried out to optimize in-gate position and size of riser for casting mold. The baseline size of riser for the casting of boat propeller is based on geometric modulus and thermal analysis. The riser size is analyzed with thermal-volumetric numerical calculations to predict critical fraction solid (CFS) time and temperature gradient in casting. Simulation predictions are compared with inspection results of actual castings and found good qualitative agreement. The riser reached CFS temperature well before the castings’ cross-sectional transition regions. In feeding the molten metal, the in-gate is placed where the section modulus of casting is higher. However, the tongue of sand at in-gate increases the local cooling rate, resulting in early solidification and blockage of feeding path. The increase in riser size and in-gate position results in elimination of shrinkage cavities. An optical microscopy of the casting critical region is carried out to investigate the effect of numerical measures on internal closed microporosity and microstructure morphology.

Endoscopic Yield, Appropriateness, and Complications of Pediatric Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy in an Adult Suite: A Retrospective Study of 822 Children

Manzoor Ahmad Wani,Showkat Ali Zargar,Ghulam Nabi Yatoo,Inaamul Haq,Altaf Shah,Jaswinder Singh Sodhi,Ghulam Mohammad Gulzar,Mushtaq Khan 대한소화기내시경학회 2020 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.53 No.4

Background/Aims: This study aimed to study the endoscopic yield, appropriateness, and complications of pediatric endoscopyperformed by adult gastroenterologists in an adult endoscopic suite. Methods: This a retrospective study in which records of all the patients less than 18 years of age who underwent endoscopy in the last5 years were studied. The indications of endoscopy in children were categorized as appropriate or inappropriate per the latest guidelinesby American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy and North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology andNutrition. Positive endoscopic yield was defined as the presence of any abnormality on endoscopy. Results: Among the total of 822 children (age <18 years), the most common indications were variceal surveillance/eradication in 157(19.1%), followed by dyspepsia in 143 (17.4%), upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleeding in 136 (16.5%), recurrent abdominal pain in 94(11.4%), unexplained anemia in 74 (9%), recurrent vomiting in 50 (6.08%), chronic refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease in 34 (4.1%)and others; 780 out of 822 endoscopic procedures (94.9%) done in children were appropriate as per the guidelines. The endoscopicyield was 45.8%, highest in patients with UGI bleeding (71.3%), followed by variceal surveillance (54.8%), recurrent vomiting (38%),dyspepsia (37.8%), and recurrent abdominal pain (36%). Minor adverse events occurred in 7.3% of children. Conclusions: Pediatric endoscopy performed by an experienced adult gastroenterologist may be acceptable if done in cooperation witha pediatrician.

Acrosorium polyneurum Extract Inhibits the LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response by Impairing the MAPK and NF-κB Pathways

Manzoor, Zahid,Ali, Irshad,Chae, Doobyeong,Koh, Young-Sang The Korean Society for Microbiology 2016 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.46 No.4

Marine algae exhibit broad spectrum anti-bacterial and anti-inflammatory activities. Acrosorium polyneurum (A. polyneurum) is a marine red alga and belongs to the family Delesseriaceae. The present research evaluates the anti-inflammatory effects of A. polyneurum extract (APE) on pro-inflammatory cytokine production. APE demonstrated substantial inhibitory effects on production of pro-inflammatory cytokine in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). APE pre-treatment in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BMDMs exhibited a robust inhibitory effect on production of interleukin (IL)-12, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$. It revealed a robust inhibitory effect on phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and p38. APE also showed remarkable inhibitory effect on phosphorylation and degradation of $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$. Furthermore, APE pre-treatment demonstrated substantial inhibition of LPS-induced production of nitric oxide and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Collectively, these data suggest that APE has a noteworthy anti-inflammatory property and deserve further studies concerning its potential use as a medicinal agent for inflammation-related disorders.

3-Hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-9-one, isolated from <i>Ulva pertusa</i> , attenuates TLR9-mediated inflammatory response by down-regulating mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB pathways

Ali, Irshad,Manzoor, Zahid,Koo, Jung-Eun,Kim, Jung-Eun,Byeon, Sang-Hee,Yoo, Eun-Sook,Kang, Hee-Kyoung,Hyun, Jin-Won,Lee, Nam-Ho,Koh, Young-Sang SWETS AND ZEITLINGER 2017 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY Vol.55 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Context:</B> Seaweeds are rich in bioactive compounds in the form of vitamins, phycobilins, polyphenols, carotenoids, phycocyanins and polysaccharides; many of these are known to have advantageous applications in human health. 3-Hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-9-one (comp) was isolated from <I>Ulva pertusa</I> (<I>U. pertusa</I>) Kjellman (Ulvaceae), which is a familiar edible green seaweed.</P><P><B>Objective:</B> This study evaluates the anti-inflammatory activity of comp in CpG DNA-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs).</P><P><B>Materials and methods:</B> For evaluating the effect of comp on cytokines production, BMDCs were treated with doses of comp (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 25 and 50 μM) for 1 h before stimulation with CpG DNA (1 μM). Cytokine production was measured by ELISA. Western blotting was conducted for evaluating effect of comp (50 μM) on MAPKs and NF-κB pathways. Luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted for effect of comp (0, 5, 10 and 25 μM) on transcriptional activity of AP-1 and NF-κB.</P><P><B>Results:</B> Comp exhibited strong inhibition of interleukin (IL)-12 p40, IL-6 and TNF-α cytokine production with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 6.02 ± 0.35, 27.14 ± 0.73, and 7.56 ± 0.21 μM, respectively. It blocked MAPKs and NF-κB pathways by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38 and IκBα. In addition, it strongly inhibited the transcriptional activity of AP-1 and NF-κB with IC<SUB>50</SUB> values of 8.74 ± 0.31 and 12.08 ± 0.24 μM, respectively.</P><P><B>Discussion and conclusion:</B> Taken together, these data suggest that comp has a significant anti-inflammatory property and warrants further studies concerning the potential of comp for medicinal use.</P>

3-Hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-9-one, Isolated from Ulva pertusa Kjellman, Inhibits LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response by Down-Regulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and NF-κB Pathways

Ali, Irshad,Manzoor, Zahid,Koh, Young-Sang The Korean Society for Microbiology 2016 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.46 No.3

In the present study we evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of 3-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-9-one (Comp) isolated from Ulva pertusa Kjellman, in LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs). Comp treatment exhibited strong dose dependent inhibition of IL-12 p40 and IL-6 cytokine production with $IC_{50}$ values of $7.85{\pm}0.32$ and $7.86{\pm}0.18$, respectively in LPS-stimulated BMDCs. Treatment of Comp inhibited MAPKs and NF-${\kappa}B$ pathways in LPS-stimulated BMDCs by inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK1/2, p38 and I${\kappa}B$. Thus, these results suggest that Comp have a significant anti-inflammatory property and affirm further studies concerning the potentials of Comp for medicinal use.

협업 사이버물리시스템의 결함 치명도 분석을 통한 안전성 확보

( Manzoor Hussain ),( Nazakat Ali ),홍장의 ( Jang-eui Hong ) 한국정보처리학회 2021 정보처리학회논문지. 소프트웨어 및 데이터 공학 Vol.10 No.8

협업 사이버-물리 시스템(Collaborative Cyber-Physical Systems, CCPS)은 물리 세계와 사이버 세계가 밀접하게 결합하여 공동의 목표를 달성하기 위하여 협업을 수행하는 시스템이다. 한편, 단일 사이버-물리 시스템(Cyber-Physical System)의 경우에는 ISO 26262 또는 IEC 61508과 같은 표준을 따르거나 다양한 위험 분석 기법을 적용함으로써 그 안전을 확보할 수 있다. 그러나 CCPS에서는 협업을 수행중인 한 CPS의 결함으로 인하여 다른 협업 중인 CPS에게 수많은 결함을 발생시키기 때문에 안전의 확보가 매우 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 CCPS의 위험을 분석하여 안전을 확보하기 위해 복합적인 위험 분석과 위험 분석 산출물 사이의 관계를 기반으로 하는 위험 치명도 매트릭스(Fault Criticality Matrix, FCM)를 제시한다. FCM에서는 결함, 결함의 치명도, 안전 가드와 안전 가드의 발생 확률, 결함의 영향 및 순위를 나열하여 분석한다. 안전 엔지니어는 이를 통해 시스템의 설계 단계에서 각 결함의 치명도와 영향을 분석하고, 설계된 안전 가드를 통해 식별된 고장을 효과적으로 관리하고 제어함으로써 안전한 CPS를 개발할 수 있다. 제시된 방법의 유용성을 확인하기 위해 CCPS의 대표적 예인 군집주행에 대하여 사례 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에서 개발된 도구를 사용하여 군집주행 시스템에 FCM을 적용함으로써 상세한 결함 치명도 분석을 수행하였고, 분석 결과는 적합성과 효과성 관점에서 점검되었다. 또한 군집 주행에 대한 시뮬레이션 수행을 통해 FCM을 사용하여 결함 치명도를 분석한 군집주행 시스템이 발견된 모든 결함을 완화시켜 충돌 가능성을 크게 낮추었음을 보였다. Collaborative Cyber-Physical Systems (CCPS) are those systems that contain tightly coupled physical and cyber components, massively interconnected subsystems, and collaborate to achieve a common goal. The safety of a single Cyber-Physical System (CPS) can be achieved by following the safety standards such as ISO 26262 and IEC 61508 or by applying hazard analysis techniques. However, due to the complex, highly interconnected, heterogeneous, and collaborative nature of CCPS, a fault in one CPS's components can trigger many other faults in other collaborating CPSs. Therefore, a safety assurance technique based on fault criticality analysis would require to ensure safety in CCPS. This paper presents a Fault Criticality Matrix (FCM) implemented in our tool called CPSTracer, which contains several data such as identified fault, fault criticality, safety guard, etc. The proposed FCM is based on composite hazard analysis and content-based relationships among the hazard analysis artifacts, and ensures that the safety guard controls the identified faults at design time; thus, we can effectively manage and control the fault at the design phase to ensure the safe development of CPSs. To justify our approach, we introduce a case study on the Platooning system (a collaborative CPS). We perform the criticality analysis of the Platooning system using FCM in our developed tool. After the detailed fault criticality analysis, we investigate the results to check the appropriateness and effectiveness with two research questions. Also, by performing simulation for the Platooning, we showed that the rate of collision of the Platooning system without using FCM was quite high as compared to the rate of collisions of the system after analyzing the fault criticality using FCM.

Acrosorium polyneurum Extract Inhibits the LPS-Induced Inflammatory Response by Impairing the MAPK and NF-κB Pathways

Zahid Manzoor,Irshad Ali,Doobyeong Chae,Young-Sang Koh 대한바이러스학회 2016 Journal of Bacteriology and Virology Vol.46 No.4

Monoolein, isolated from Ishige sinicola, inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory response by attenuating mitogen-activated protein kinase and NF-κB pathways

Irshad Ali,Zahid Manzoor,구정은,문승리,변상희,유은숙,강희경,현진원,이남호,고영상 한국식품과학회 2017 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.26 No.2

Ishige sinicola (I. sinicola) is an edible brown alga native to South Korea. In the present study, we screened the anti-inflammatory activity of monoolein isolated from I. sinicola. Monoolein pretreatment in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated primary murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (BMDCs) showed strong dose-dependent inhibition of interleukin (IL)-12 p40, IL-6, and TNF-α cytokine production with IC50 values of 1.69±0.02, 6.87±0.37, and 5.19±0.56 μM, respectively. Pretreatment of monoolein attenuated the activation of MAPK and NF-κB pathways in the LPSstimulated BMDCs by inhibiting the phosphorylation of p38, ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and IκBα. Furthermore, monoolein inhibited the production of NO and iNOS in RAW264.7 cells. Overall, our findings indicate that monoolein has a significant anti-inflammatory activity, and further studies regarding the potential of monoolein for medicinal use is warranted.