Effects of Aqueous Extract of Schizandra Chinensis Fruit on Cadmium-Induced Change of Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Rats

Zhao, Zheng Lin,Zhao, Guang Wen,Li, Li,Li, Meng Quan,Guan, Li Xin,Yang, Xu Dong,Li, Hou Zhong,Lin, Feng,Lee, Jong-Rok,Zhao, Rong Jie Korean Society of ToxicologyKorea Environmental Mu 2009 Toxicological Research Vol.26 No.1

The effects of aqueous extract of Schizandra Chinensis Fruit (AESC) on cadmium-induced changes of monoamine neurotransmitters in the different brain regions of adult rats were investigated. Male rats were received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of CdCl2 (0.6 mg/kg/d) for 21 days and sacrificed 7 days after the last administration. Concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) in striatum and serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in cortex were measured by HPLC. There were significant decreases of NE, DA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA in Cd intoxicated rats (P < 0.05), while pretreatment with AESC (20 mg/kg/d or 60 mg/kg/d, p.o., 30 min before $CdCl_2$) greatly inhibited the decrease of monoamine transmitters, respectively (P < 0.05). Also, AESC significantly increased the reduction of glutathione contents and superoxide dismutase activities in cortex induced by $CdCl_2$. These results suggest that AESC ameliorates Cd-induced depletion of monoamine neurotransmitters in brain through its antioxidant activity.

Effects of Aqueous Extract of Schizandrae Fructus on Lead-Induced Change of Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Hippocampus

Zhao, Rong Jie,Zhao, Zheng Lin,Zhao, Xiu Feng,Zhao, Guang Wen,Li, Meng Quan,Wu, Yi Yan,Li, Jing Qiu,Guan, Li Xin,Kim, Sang-Chan The Korean Medicine Society for the Herbal Formula 2009 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.17 No.2

The effects of aqueous extract of Schizandrae Fructus (AESC) on lead (Pb)-induced changes of monoamine neurotransmitters in the hippocampus (HIP) of adult rats were investigated. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of Pb acetate (5 mg/kg/d) for 28 days and sacrificed 7 days after the last administration. Concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in HIP were measured by HPLC. There were significant decreases of NE, DA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA in Pb treated rats (P < 0.05), while pretreatment with AESC (100 mg/kg/d or 300 mg/kg/d, p.o., 2 h before Pb) greatly inhibited the decrease of monoamine transmitters, respectively (P < 0.05). Also, AESC (300 mg/kg/d) significantly increased the reduction of glutathione contents and superoxide dismutase activities in HIP induced by chronic Pb. These results suggest that AESC ameliorates Pb-induced depletion of monoamine neurotransmitters in HIP through its antioxidant activity.

国家形象视域下 《琅琊榜》 的跨国传播学研究

?林林(Zhao, Lin-Lin),王?霞(Wang, Bao-Xia) 한국중어중문학회 2017 中語中文學 Vol.- No.70

The paper which is based on the basic theory of international communication study under the perspective of national image, comprehensively and specifically analyzed the hit Chinese TV series Nirvana in Fire from the three aspects of communication contents, communication symbols and communication effect to summarize the reasons for the success of the international communication of the TV series First, the theme of the TV series delivers a lot of global common value which is helpful to implement localization and arouse the sympathetic response of local viewers .The Chinese story Nirvana in Fire tells the pursuit of the contemporary global common value. With the theme of utter innocence, the series celebrates the loyalty to love,presents a profound friendship and shows the pursuit of the ideal society which is the whole world as a one community. For the global viewers, it is kind of placebo under the background of the modernization. Second, the plot of the TV series is full of decryption and reasoning which satisfied the curiosity of the global viewers about unknown and the demand for upholding the justice. The TV series Nirvana in Fire presents difficult problems and secrets one by one which could make the viewers find the truth in the chaos of emotional entanglements and conflicts of interest to experience pleasure. Third,thecommunicationsymbolsarefulloforiental charm which provide the viewers an opportunity to enjoy different cultures. The processing of the pictures and colors presents the traditional Chinese ink-wash painting style to bring the viewers into a traditional Chinese world which is full of classic beauty. Every motion of all actors in the series shows aesthetic perception of the state of ceremonies. The application of chivalry elements makes the series an eastern fairy tale world. Forth,the applicationofnetworknewmediaincreasethespeedanddepth of the spread. Nirvana in Fire spread to the countries and regions without broadcasting through video website s and fansub websites. In addition, the series created topics of discussion on the social network to improve the effect of spread.

Effects of Aqueous Extract of Schizandra Chinensis Fruit on Cadmium-Induced Change of Monoamine Neurotransmitters in Rats

Zheng Lin Zhao,Guang Wen Zhao,Li Li,Meng Quan Li,Li Xin Guan,Xu Dong Yang,Hou Zhong Li,Feng Lin,Jong Rok Lee,Rong Jie Zhao 한국독성학회 2009 Toxicological Research Vol.25 No.1

The effects of aqueous extract of Schizandra Chinensis Fruit (AESC) on cadmium-induced changes of monoamine neurotransmitters in the different brain regions of adult rats were investigated. Male rats were received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of CdCl₂ (0.6 ㎎/㎏/d) for 21 days and sacrificed 7 days after the last administration. Concentrations of norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) in striatum and serotonin (5-HT), 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) in cortex were measured by HPLC. There were significant decreases of NE, DA, 5-HT and 5-HIAA in Cd intoxicated rats (P < 0.05), while pretreatment with AESC (20 ㎎/㎏/d or 60 mg/kg/d, p.o., 30 min before CdCl₂) greatly inhibited the decrease of monoamine transmitters, respectively (P < 0.05). Also, AESC significantly increased the reduction of glutathione contents and superoxide dismutase activities in cortex induced by CdCl₂. These results suggest that AESC ameliorates Cd-induced depletion of monoamine neurotransmitters in brain through its antioxidant activity.

Effects of Acupuncture at Zu-San-Li (ST36) on the Activity of the HypothalamicePituitaryeAdrenal Axis during Ethanol Withdrawal in Rats

Zheng Lin Zhao,Bong Hyo Lee,Feng Lin,YanQin Guo,Yi Yan Wu,Sang Mi Park,Sunghyeon In,Sang Chan Kim,Chae Ha Yang,Rong Jie Zhao 사단법인약침학회 2014 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.7 No.5

The current study investigated the effects of acupuncture at Zu-San-Li (ST36) on the hypothalamicepituitaryeadrenalaxis during ethanol withdrawal in rats. Rats were intraperitoneallytreated with 3 g/kg/day of ethanol or saline for 28 days. Following 24 hours ofethanol withdrawal, acupuncture was applied at bilateral ST36 points or non-acupoints(tail) for 1 minute. Plasma levels of corticosterone (CORT) and adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA), and the corticotropin-releasingfactor (CRF) protein levels in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus were alsoexamined by RIA 20 minutes after the acupuncture treatment. RIA showed significantlyincreased plasma levels of CORT and ACTH in the ethanol-withdrawn rats compared withthe saline-treated rats, which were inhibited significantly by the acupuncture at the acupointST36 but not at the non-acupoint. Additionally, ethanol withdrawal promoted CRFprotein expressions in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, which were alsoblocked by the acupuncture at ST36. These findings suggest that acupuncture at the specific acupoint ST36 can inhibit ethanol withdrawal-induced hyperactivation of hypothalamicepituitaryeadrenalaxis, and it may be mediated via the modulation of hypothalamicCRF.

Glycosylation and Production Characteristics of Epothilones in Alkali-Tolerant Sorangium cellulosum Strain So0157-2

Lin Zhao,Peng-fei Li,Chun-hua Lu,Shu-guang Li,Yue-mao Shen,Yue-zhong Li 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.4

3-O-α-D-ribofuranosyl epothilone A (epothiloneoside A) is a major component of glycosylated epothilones in Sorangium cellulosum strain So0157-2. The production and glycosylation ratios of epothiloneoside A in both solid and liquid culture conditions with various pH values and carbon sources were studied. The results showed that glycosylation occurs whenever epothilones are produced, regardless of changes in pH values,production time curves, and different carbon sources. We suggest that glycosylation is a stable process,paralleling the biosynthesis of epothilones in the So0157-2 strain.

Functional Investigation on Aromatase in Endometrial Hyperplasia in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Cases

Zhao, Pan-Lin,Zhang, Qiu-Fang,Yan, Li-Ying,Huang, Shuo,Chen, Yuan,Qiao, Jie Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.20

Objective: To explore the possible significance of aromatase P450 in endometrial hyperplasia with a background of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the expression of aromatase P450 in endometrium of PCOS patients. Semiquantitative analysis of aromatase P450 expression of mRNA and protein level wasalso carried out by real-time quantitative RT-PCR method. After endometrial cells were stimulated by testosterone and letrozole in vitro, the estradiol ($E_2$) level was determined, and the expression of cell aromatase P450 mRNA was assessed. Results: The aromatase P450 mRNA level was increased in endometria of PCOS patients. When endometrial cells were cultured with $10^{-6}M$ testosterone, the $E_2$ level in the culture medium increased. An inhibitory effect on $E_2$ generation and expression of aromatase P450 mRNA was observed when the endometrial cells were treated with $10^{-5}M$ letrozole. Conclusions: There is an increased expression of aromatase P450 in PCOS patient endometrium. Androgen stimulation could enhance the synthesis of aromatase P450 mRNA and the production of $E_2$ in endometrial cells in vitro while letrozole could do the reverse.

Aerodynamic and aero-elastic performances of super-large cooling towers

Lin Zhao,Xu Chen,Shitang Ke,Yaojun Ge 한국풍공학회 2014 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.19 No.4

Hyperbolic thin-shell cooling towers have complicated vibration modes, and are very sensitive to the effects of group towers and wind-induced vibrations. Traditional aero-elastic models of cooling towers are usually designed based on the method of stiffness simulation by continuous medium thin shell materials. However, the method has some shortages in actual engineering applications, so the so-called “equivalent beam-net design method” of aero-elastic models of cooling towers is proposed in the paper and an aero-elastic model with a proportion of 1: 200 based on the method above with integrated pressure measurements and vibration measurements has been designed and carried out in TJ-3 wind tunnel of Tongji university. According to the wind tunnel test, this paper discusses the impacts of self-excited force effect on the surface wind pressure of a large-scale cooling tower and the results show that the impact of self-excited force on the distribution characteristics of average surface wind pressure is very small, but the impact on the form of distribution and numerical value of fluctuating wind pressure is relatively large. Combing with the Complete Quadratic Combination method (hereafter referred to as CQC method), the paper further studies the numerical sizes and distribution characteristics of background components, resonant components, cross-term components and total fluctuating wind-induced vibration responses of some typical nodes which indicate that the resonance response is dominant in the fluctuating wind-induced vibration response and cross-term components are not negligible for wind-induced vibration responses of super-large cooling towers.

Retrograde Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Bone Metastasis in 1,031 Cases of Preliminarily Diagnosed Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Zhao, Chang-Lin,Qian, Guo-Qiang,Chen, Xiao-Yin,Chen, Chao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.8

Purpose: To explore the clinical characteristics of bone metastasis (BM) in a large sample of preliminarily diagnosed nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPCs). Methods: The sample consisted of 1,031 patients diagnosed with NPC at first visitg clinics between October 1989 and June 2012. Several parameters including metastasis locus, T/N staging, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of BM were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In 70 patients who had been preliminarily diagnosed with BM, the incidence of BM in N0, N1, N2 and N3 stage was 5.7%, 17.2%, 50.2%, and 25.7%, respectively, while the incidence in T0, T1, T2 and T3 stage was 0%, 23.8%, 47.6% and 28.6% respectively. BM occurred in most common in vertebral column, rib, sternum, ilium and femur. Positive rate of Epstein-Barr virus antibody was 77.6%. The median survival time was 12 months. Conclusion: The incidence of BM in NPC preliminarily diagnosed is about 7% and it is related to N classification but not T classification.

Cholesterol-lowering effect of platycodin D in hypercholesterolemic ICR mice

Zhao, Hai Lin,Cho, Kyung-Hyun,Ha, Young Wan,Jeong, Tae-Sook,Lee, Woo Song,Kim, Yeong Shik Elsevier 2006 european journal of pharmacology Vol.537 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>This study investigates the in vivo hypocholesterolemic action of platycodin D and its in vitro evidence for the cholesterol-lowering properties. In order to examine the effects of platycodin D on hypercholesterolemia in male ICR mice, platycodin D with doses of 15, 30 or 50?mg/kg was orally administered for 8 weeks. Changes in body weight and daily food intake were measured regularly during the experimental period. Final contents of triglyceride and different types of cholesterol in the serum, livers and feces were determined. The effects of platycodin D on cholesterol metabolism were further investigated with several in vitro assays, including antioxidant effect on low density lipoprotein oxidation, inhibition of human acyl-coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (hACAT) and serum lipoprotein associated-phospholipase A<SUB>2</SUB> (Lp-PLA<SUB>2</SUB>), as well as the regulation of farnesoid X receptor. The formation of insoluble complex between platycodin D and cholesterol was also investigated. Following an eight week experimental period, the body weights of platycodin D-fed mice were less than those of control mice on a high cholesterol diet by 11.2±5% (<I>P</I><0.01) with 15 mg/kg platycodin D, 11.7±5% (<I>P</I><0.01) with 30?mg/kg platycodin D, and 23.4±7.9% (<I>P</I><0.0001) with 50?mg/kg platycodin D, respectively. A decrease in daily food consumption was also noted in most of the treated animals. Triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were decreased in serums and livers, but increased in feces. Some of the in vitro observations revealed that the hypocholesterolemic effect of platycodin D is partly associated with inhibition to hACAT activity and antagonism to the farnesoid X receptor as well as the formation of insoluble complex with between platycodin D and cholesterol. Both in vivo and in vitro results demonstrate a potential value of platycodin D as a novel cholesterol-lowering and anti-atherogenic candidate.</P>