Triple isotope-[¹³C, ¹⁵N, ²H] labeling and NMR measurements of the inactive, reduced monomer form of Escherichia coli Hsp33

Lee, Yoo-Sup,Ko, Hyun-Suk,Ryu, Kyoung-Seok,Jeon, Young-Ho,Won, Hyung-Sik Korean Magnetic Resonance Society 2010 Journal of the Korean Magnetic Resonance Society Vol.14 No.2

Hsp33 is a molecular chaperone achieving a holdase activity upon response to a dual stress by heat and oxidation. Despite several crystal structures available, the activation process is not clearly understood, because the structure inactive Hsp33 as its reduced, zinc-bound, monomeric form has not been solved yet. Thus, we initiated structural investigation of the reduced Hsp33 monomer by NMR. In this study, to overcome the high molecular weight (33 kDa), the protein was triply isotope-[$^{13}C$, $^{15}N$, $^2H$]-labeled and its inactive, monomeric state was ensured. 2D-[$^1H$, $^{15}N$]-TROSY and a series of triple resonance spectra could be successfully obtained on a high-field (900 MHz) NMR machine with a cryoprobe. However, under all of the different conditions tested, the number of resonances observed was significantly less than that expected from the amino acid sequence. Thus, a possible contribution of dynamic conformational exchange leading to a line broadening is suggested that might be important for activation process of Hsp33.

Removal of carbon dioxide by absorption into blended amines: kinetics of absorption into aqueous AMP/HMDA, AMP/MDEA, and AMP/piperazine solutions

Choi, Won-Joon,Cho, Ki-Chul,Lee, Sang-Sup,Shim, Jae-Goo,Hwang, Hye-Ryun,Park, Sang-Wook,Oh, Kwang-Joong Royal Society of Chemistry 2007 GREEN CHEMISTRY Vol.9 No.6

<P>The emissions of anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO<SUB>2</SUB>) are believed make a significant impact on global climate change. Hence, amine chemical absorption technology has been suggested to separate and recover CO<SUB>2</SUB>. In this study, reaction rate constants between CO<SUB>2</SUB> and blended amines were determined by measuring their absorption rate for CO<SUB>2</SUB>. The experiments were carried out to investigate the characteristics of CO<SUB>2</SUB> absorption by using additional absorbents such as hexamethylenediamine (HMDA), <I>N</I>-methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) or piperazine blended into 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP) in an agitated vessel. The absorption rates of CO<SUB>2</SUB> into aqueous blended amine solutions were measured. Additive concentrations of 1, 3, and 5 wt% were added for each 30 wt% AMP solution. The results showed that the addition of HMDA, MDEA or piperazine into AMP increased the absorption rate as compared to AMP alone. Of these additives, HMDA showed the most enhancement in the reaction rate of AMP. The reaction rate constants of HMDA, MDEA and piperazine blended into AMP at 303–343 K were given by <I>k</I><SUB>H</SUB> = 3.84 × 10<SUP>10</SUP>exp(−5361/<I>T</I>), <I>k</I><SUB>M</SUB> = 6.60 × 10<SUP>9</SUP>exp(−4959/<I>T</I>), and <I>k</I><SUB>P</SUB> = 9.09 × 10<SUP>9</SUP>exp(−5058/<I>T</I>), respectively.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>The addition of 1, 3, and 5 wt% HMDA, MDEA or piperazine into 30 wt% AMP increased the absorption rate as compared to AMP alone. The reaction rate constants of HMDA, MDEA and piperazine blended into AMP at 303–343 K were given by <I>k</I><SUB>H</SUB> = 3.84 × 10<SUP>10</SUP> exp(−5361/<I>T</I>), <I>k</I><SUB>M</SUB> = 6.60 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> exp(−4959/<I>T</I>), and <I>k</I><SUB>P</SUB> = 9.09 × 10<SUP>9</SUP> exp(−5058/<I>T</I>), respectively. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b614101c'> </P>

갑상선 미세침흡인세포검사 슬라이드에서 BRAF Mutation 검출을 통한 갑상선 유두암의 진단

박원서<SUP>1<,SUP>,이규언<SUP>2<,SUP>,송정윤<SUP>1<,SUP>,정유승<SUP>3<,SUP>,김훈엽<SUP>4<,SUP>,고석환<SUP>1<,SUP>,윤여규<SUP>2,5<,SUP>,Won Seo Park,<SUP>1<,SUP>,Kyu Eun Lee,<SUP>2<,SUP>,Jeong Yoon Song,Ph,D,<SUP>1<,SUP>,Y 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2010 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.10 No.1

Purpose: The prevalence rate of the BRAF mutation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is as high as about 52 to 83% in Korea. Preoperative detection of BRAF mutation on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) slides may help the surgeon make better therapeutic decisions. The present study aims to assess the feasibility of the mutant allele specific amplification (MASA) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) method with using conventional FNAC slides and we also wanted to evaluate the clinical role of preoperatively detecting BRAF mutation. Methods: We extracted the genomic DNA from 59 FNAC slides and performed direct sequencing (DS) for detecting BRAF mutation. We could use only 17 slides for the MASA method and 6 slides for the RFLP method due to the shortage of extracted DNA. Additionally, we retrospectively analyzed the cases for which a histological diagnosis could be made. Results: Genomic DNA was extracted from 23 out of the 59 FNAC slides. The BRAF mutation status could be assessed via DS in 33 out of the 59 FNAC slides. The concordance between the MASA method and DS and the RFLP method and DS was 36.3% and 66.7% respectively. The positive and negative predictive value of the 13 indeterminate nodules was 87.5% and 20%, respectively. We could not find any association between the BRAF mutations and the alleged risk factors of PTC. Conclusion: We believe that the purity and the amount of the DNA template must be increased to detect BRAF mutation with using a FNAC slide. Preoperative detection of the BRAF mutation on a FNAC slide may refine the cytological diagnosis, but the application of assessing BRAF mutation as a prognostic marker is debatable. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2010;10:12-18)

A New Amorphous Semiconducting Polythiophene for High-Performance Organic Thin-Film Transistors

Kong, Hoyoul,Lee, Dong Hoon,Seo, Jung-In,Oh, Ji-Young,Chung, Dae Sung,Park, Jong-Won,Kwon, Soon-Ki,Lee, Yoon Sup,Park, Chan Eon,Shim, Hong-Ku American Chemical Society 2010 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.2 No.4

<P>A new amorphous semiconducting polymer containing dodecylthiophene rings and a rigid thieno[3,2-<I>b</I>]thiophene ring, poly(2,5-bis(3′-dodecyl-2,2′-bithiophen-5-yl)thieno[3,2-<I>b</I>]thiophene) (<B>NAP</B>), was synthesized via a microwave-assisted Stille coupling reaction. The presence of the flexible unsubstituted thiophene ring units next to the rigid fused thiophene ring caused <B>NAP</B> to have an amorphous structure. This structure was confirmed by XRD, AFM, and computational calculations. In particular, the out-of-plane XRD patterns of <B>NAP</B> thin films exhibited no reflection peaks before or after the annealing process, indicating that the films had amorphous microstructures. In addition, AFM images of the <B>NAP</B> thin films showed amorphous surface morphologies with very small root-mean-square (rms) surface roughnesses of 0.3−0.5 nm, independent of surface treatment or heat treatment. Computational calculations performed to investigate the preferred conformation of the polymer confirmed the amorphous characteristics of the <B>NAP</B> structure. On the basis of these findings, we propose how an amorphous <B>NAP</B> semiconductor can maintain high carrier mobility. A <B>NAP</B>-based TFT device exhibited a very high carrier mobility of 0.02 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> with an on/off ratio of 1 × 10<SUP>5</SUP> and a very small threshold voltage of −2.0 V. This carrier mobility is the highest yet reported for TFTs based on amorphous semiconductors. Thus, the present findings suggest that an amorphous semiconductor layer comprised of <B>NAP</B> would be suitable for use in high-performance organic TFTs fabricated via simple processes in which neither surface treatment nor heat treatment is necessary.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/aamick/2010/aamick.2010.2.issue-4/am9008852/production/images/medium/am-2009-008852_0011.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/am9008852'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

갑상선 수술 후 음성 변화

홍종철,이형신<SUP>1<.SUP>,김성원<SUP>2<.SUP>,이강대<SUP>2<.SUP>,Jong-Chul Hong,Hyoung-Shin Lee,M.D.<SUP>1<.SUP>,Sung- Won Kim,M.D.<SUP>2<.SUP> and Kang-Dae Lee,M.D.<SUP>2<.SUP> 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2011 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.11 No.3

Purpose: Vocal symptoms have been reported after thyroidectomy and even in the absence of injury to the recurrent laryngeal nerve or the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve. The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the subjective and objective voice changes in patients without laryngeal nerve injury after thyroidectomy. Methods: The subjects had undergone total thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma from November 2007 to December 2008. Twenty-eight subjects (males: 8, females: 20) were selected for this study. Voice analysis was prospectively evaluated in the subjects at the time of preoperation and postoperation (10.8 months for the males and 11.7 months for the females). A subjective analysis was done using the visual analogue scale (VAS, 0: no symptom, 10: severe symptoms) and objective analyses were determined by several parameters such as the fundamental frequency (Fo), jitter, shimmer and the noise to harmonic ratio (NHR) using the multi-dimensional voice program. Maximum phonation time (MPT)was performed as an aerodynamic test. Results: 3 patients (37.5%) among the males and 14 patients (70%) among the females had subjective postoperative voice change. The VAS showed a significant difference for the females (0 to 1.25±0.97, P<0.001), whereas no changes were shown for the males (0 to 0.88±1.25, P>0.05). The vocal parameters (Fo, jitter, shimmer, NHR) and MPT showed no significant changes for both the males and females (P>0.05). Conclusion: Subjective voice changes may occur after thyroidectomy without laryngeal nerve injury. Surgeons should take possible voice changes into consideration when informing patients before thyroidectomy. (Korean J Endocrine Surg 2011;11:175-178)

The Utility of Clinical Findings Including Serum TSH and Neck Ultrasonography for Predicting Thyroid Malignancy in Atypia of Undetermined Significance/Follicular Lesions of Undeter-mined Significance

Eun Mee Oh<SUP>1<,SUP>,Yoo Seung Chung<SUP>1<,SUP>,Won Jong Song<SUP>1<,SUP>,Yeun Sun Kim<SUP>2<,SUP>,Young Don Lee<SUP>1<,SUP> 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2013 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.13 No.3

Purpose: Neck ultrasonography (NUS) is one of the most commonly used methods for evaluating thyroid nodules and preoperative higher TSH levels are known to be associated with differentiated thyroid cancers. This study was conducted to assess whether serum TSH levels and neck ultrasonography are of value in predicting malignancy in patients with atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesions of undetermined significance (AUS). Methods: A total of 62 patients (7 men, 55 women; mean age 48.4±11.9 years) who had indeterminate cytologic results indicating AUS underwent thyroidectomy. Preoperative clinical data including serum TSH and the findings of NUS were analyzed retrospectively between malignant and non-malignant groups. Results: The final pathologic results of malignancy were reported in 53 of 62 (85.5%) patients with AUS. There was no significant difference in the mean value of preoperative serum TSH between malignant and non-malignant groups (1.5±1.3 vs. 1.9±1.2, P=NS). In NUS, the patients diagnosed with malignancy in histology showed a higher proportion of calcification, taller-than-wide shape, hypoechoic texture and irregular margin (58.5% vs. 22.2%, P=0.044; 34% vs. 0%, P=0.038; 98.1% vs. 44.4%, P<0.01; 47.2% vs. 0%, P= 0.008). Conclusion: Serum TSH was not related to malignancy in thyroid nodules showing AUS. However, ultrasonographic features including calcifications, taller-than-wide shape, hypoechoic pattern and irregular margin could be used to predict malignancy. Ultra-sonography should be the first useful methods when making decisions regarding mana-gement of thyroid nodules showing indeterminate cytologic results as AUS.

A Study on Ocular and Skin Irritation of a New Disinfectant, Clean Natural<SUP>®</SUP>

Suk Kim,Myung Sun Chun,Hee Sik Chung,Won Chul Jung,Dong Hyeok Kim,Jeong Ju Lim,Ho Yeong Shon,Gon Sup Kim,Hu-Jang Lee 한국실험동물학회 2007 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.23 No.1

This test was performed to evaluate the ocular and skin irritation of Clean Natural<SUP>®</SUP>", a new disinfectant of which main components are propolis and wood vinegar from Quercus mongolica. The results of eye irritation test were as followings; in the single application test, 0.1 ㎖ Clean Natural<SUP>®</SUP>" eyedrops and 0.9% saline as vehicle control were applied to one eye of rabbit, respectively. The reactions were examined for 7 days after treatment. Transient, Up to 2 days, eye irritation was observed in the rabbit eyes treated with the test solution. The results of skin irritation test were as following; there were no observed clinical signs, body weight changes and gross pathologic findings during experimental period. There were no observed erythema, eschar, and edema formation on intact and abraded skin. The primary irritation index (P.LL) of Clean Natural<SUP>®</SUP>" was 0 and was evaluated none irritating product. In the present study, 10% Clean Natural<SUP>®</SUP>" was evaluated as minimally irritating and none-irritating product for eye and skin, respectively.

Myristoleic Acid Promotes Anagen Signaling by Autophagy through Activating Wnt/β-Catenin and ERK Pathways in Dermal Papilla Cells

( Youn Kyung Choi ),( Jung-il Kang ),( Jin Won Hyun ),( Young Sang Koh ),( Ji-hoon Kang ),( Chang-gu Hyun ),( Kyung-sup Yoon ),( Kwang Sik Lee ),( Chun Mong Lee ),( Tae Yang Kim ),( Eun-sook Yoo ),( H 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.2

Alopecia is a distressing condition caused by the dysregulation of anagen, catagen, and telogen in the hair cycle. Dermal papilla cells (DPCs) regulate the hair cycle and play important roles in hair growth and regeneration. Myristoleic acid (MA) increases Wnt reporter activity in DPCs. However, the action mechanisms of MA on the stimulation of anagen signaling in DPCs is not known. In this study, we evaluated the effects of MA on anagen-activating signaling pathways in DPCs. MA significantly increased DPC proliferation and stimulated the G2/M phase, accompanied by increasing cyclin A, Cdc2, and cyclin B1. To elucidate the mechanism by which MA promotes DPC proliferation, we evaluated the effect of MA on autophagy and intracellular pathways. MA induced autophagosome formation by decreasing the levels of the phospho-mammalian target of rapamycin (phospho-mTOR) and increasing autophagy-related 7 (Atg7) and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3II (LC3II). MA also increased the phosphorylation levels of Wnt/β-catenin proteins, such as GSK3β (Ser⁹) and β-catenin (Ser⁵⁵² and Ser⁶⁷⁵). Treatment with XAV939, an inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, attenuated the MA-induced increase in β-catenin nuclear translocation. Moreover, XAV939 reduced MA-induced effects on cell cycle progression, autophagy, and DPC proliferation. On the other hand, MA increased the levels of phospho (Thr²⁰²/Tyr²⁰⁴)-extracellular signal regulated kinases (ERK). MA-induced ERK phosphorylation led to changes in the expression levels of Cdc2, Atg7 and LC3II, as well as DPC proliferation. Our results suggest that MA promotes anagen signaling via autophagy and cell cycle progression by activating the Wnt/β-catenin and ERK pathways in DPCs.

액와접근법을 이용한 무기하 내시경 갑상선 절제술 후 국소 부위 통증 조절 장치(On-Q^Ⓡ PainBuster^Ⓡ)와 자가 통증 조절 장치의 무작위 대조 연구에 대한 예비 자료

이경원,박찬흔,박용래,현기훈,윤지섭,Kyung-Won Lee,Chan-Heun Park,Yong-Lai Park,Ki-Hun Hyun,Ji-Sup Yoon 대한갑상선-내분비외과학회 2013 The Koreran journal of Endocrine Surgery Vol.13 No.4

Purpose: Gasless transaxillary approach to endoscopic thyroidectomy is a widely performed procedure for benign or malignant thyroid neoplasms. However, it requires wide dissection for approaching the target area. The intravenous patient-controlled analgesia (IV PCA) is an effective method for postoperative pain control and patients can use it according to their requirement. However, patients suffer from nausea, vomiting, sleep disturbance, etc. due to opioids. Pain pump ON-Q^Ⓡ PainBuster^Ⓡ (pain buster) has been used widely in various surgeries for control of postoperative localizing and wide area pain without side effects of opioid analgesia because it consists of Ropivacaine. Methods: From Aug. 2008 to Jan. 2013, Gasless transaxillary endoscopic thyroidectomy was performed in 90 patients in a single institution, who were divided into three groups, including the IV PCA, pain buster, and null groups. We compared postoperative outcomes, pain severity between groups. We recorded scores immediately, 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours after surgery following visual analog pain score (VAS), and investigated hospital stay and occurrence of events of nausea, vomiting, and complications. Results: In the IV PCA group, it was discontinued due to nausea in 36.7% of patients. No significant difference in pain severity following VAS score was observed among the three groups. However, smaller numbers of analgesia injections were required in the Pain buster group than in the other groups, and fewer patients suffered from constipation, compared with the PCA group. Conclusion: Pain buster showed even effects compared to IV PCA, with few side effects and less discomfort of patients, compared with the other groups. Therefore, pain buster was thought to be the proper method for pain control after dissection of the anterior chest wall, cervical area in order to secure an operative view for transaxillary endoscopic thyroi-dectomy.

Biodegradable micro-sized discoidal polymeric particles for lung-targeted delivery system

Park, Jun Young,Park, Sanghyo,Lee, Tae Sup,Hwang, Yong Hwa,Kim, Jung Young,Kang, Won Jun,Key, Jaehong Elsevier 2019 Biomaterials Vol.218 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Various types of particle-based drug delivery systems have been explored for the treatment of pulmonary diseases; however, bio-distribution and elimination of the particles should be monitored for better understanding of their therapeutic efficacy and safety. This study aimed to characterize the biological properties of micro-sized discoidal polymeric particles (DPPs) as lung-targeted drug delivery carriers. DPPs were prepared using a top-down fabrication approach and characterized by assessing size and zeta potential. They were labeled with zirconium-89 (<SUP>89</SUP>Zr), and bio-distribution studies and PET imaging were performed for 7 days after intravenous administration. Their hydrodynamic size was 2.8 ± 6.1 μm and average zeta potential was −39.9 ± 5.39 mV. At doses of 5, 12.5, and 25 mg/kg, they showed no acute toxicity in nude mice. Desferrioxamine (DFO)-functionalized <SUP>89</SUP>Zr-labeled DPPs gave a decay-corrected radiochemical yield of 82.1 ± 0.2%. Furthermore, <SUP>89</SUP>Zr-DPPs, from chelate-free labeling methods, showed a yield of 48.5 ± 0.9%. Bio-distribution studies and PET imaging showed <SUP>89</SUP>Zr-DFO-DPPs to be mainly accumulated in the lungs and degraded within 3 d of injection. However, <SUP>89</SUP>Zr-DFO-DPPs showed significantly low uptake in the bone. Overall, our results suggested micro-sized DPPs as promising drug delivery carriers for the targeted treatment of various pulmonary diseases.</P>