고강도 콘크리트(80MPa이상)를 이용한 콘크리트충전강관구조 적용을 위한 기초물성 연구

이장환,강용학,정근호,김진호,정상진,최문식 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

One of the most important reasons that CFT is used in many conditions is by using that we can achieve the effect, which reduce the section of the member. This research purpose to find the most ideal composition, which is achieved by the investigation in the concrete's property of matter like ability of Slump, Slump Flow, Air content, Bleeding, and Settlement when the high strength of concrete which is over 80MPa is used m the CFT column.

싸이클론 건식공정으로 생산된 재생 잔골재가 콘크리트의 기초특성에 미치는 영향

이문환,이세현 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.2

This study is intended for how to utilize the recycled fine aggregate which is produced by concrete wastes. It analyses the quality of the fine aggregate which is reproduced through a dry production process with cyclone, and comprehends the characteristics of mortar using the recycled fine aggregate to review whether it can be put to practical use for concrete. In: the experiment, recycled fine aggregate is substitute for natural fine aggregate the rate of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% each. The results of the study are as follows. 1) The air content is increased irregularly according to the substitutive ratio of recycled fine aggregate. 2) The slump and loss of slump with time since mixing are decreased irregularly according to the substitutive ratio of recycled fine aggregate. 3) The compressive strength of concrete using the wet recycled fine aggregate tends to be reduced with the increase of the mixing ratio of recycled fine aggregate, but the compressive strength of 25% substitution ratio is increased. Based on the above results, it is concluded that the recycled fine aggregate through the wet production process can be used as fine aggregate on condition that the substitution ration is under 25%.

서중조건하에서의 콘크리트 충전 강관 기둥의 시공을 위한 실험적 연구

이장환,강용학,정근호,김진호,최문식,정상진 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.1(구조계)

The basic Physical properties, Slump, Slump flow, Air content, Bleeding, and Settlement of concrete was investigated to test Characteristic of Setting and to evaluate the relation between Model specimen and Heat of hydration for construction Over the High Temperature(CFT). The objective of this study is to take the partial core after the cementation of Model specimen, test the compression intensity and analyze the relation to Test piece.

외측상과염에 관한 고찰

이문환,신형수 대한정형도수치료학회 2005 대한정형도수물리치료학회지 Vol.11 No.2

Lateral epicondylitis is characterized by pain at the lateral aspect of the elbow, commonly associated with resisted wrist or finger extension and gripping activities. Lateral epicondylitis is also known such as lateral epicondylosis, tennis elbow, or tendonitis of the wrist extensor muscles, especially extensor carpi radialis brevis. Lateral epicondylitis is a common musculoskeletal lesion in the clinical states, so physical therapist usually meet a patients who has the lateral epicondylitis. But many of physical therapists are treating patients based on a self know-how, so I want to describe a systematically about lateral epicondylitis and give a objective information on the lateral epicondylitis. And now I want that they will be treat patients with lateral epicondylitis not a self-experience but based on a objective information.

Pendant Crown Ethers 운반체를 이용한 에멀젼 액체막계에서의 Pb^2+ 분리

이종광,이부영,김종향,조문환 慶尙大學校 기초과학연구소 1992 基礎科學硏究所報 Vol.8 No.-

Acryloyl methyl benzo-18-crown-6 단위체는 '4-hydroxymethyl benzo-18-crown-6와 acryloyl chloride을 반응시켜 합성하였다. Poly(acryloyl methyl benzo-18-crown-6)는 벤젠용매하에서 AIBN을 개시제로하여 제조하였다. [0.001mole/L M(NO_3)_n(M^2+ =Na^+, Mg^2+, Ca^2+, Sr^2+, Ba^2+, Zn^2+, Cu^2+, Cd^2+, Mn^n+ 와 Pb^2+)]를 포함한 source phase와 거대고리 리간드 [acryloyl methyl benzo-18-crown-6와 poly(acryloyl methyl benzo-18-crown-6)]와 계면활성제 Span 80을 포함한 toluene 막 그리고 Li_4P_2O_7를 포함하는 receiving phase로 구성되어진 에멀젼 액체막계에서 source phase로 부터 금속이온들의 소멸속도를 연구하였다. 금속이온의 이동에 관한 실험에서, 각 혼합물로 부터 Pb^2+ 이온이 가장 높은 이동율을 나타내었다. Acryloyl methyl benzo-18-crown-6 was synthesized by reacting 4'-hydroxymethyl benzo-18-crown-6 with acryloyl chloride. Poly(acryolyl methyl benzo-18-crown-6) was prepared in benzene by using AIBN as an initiator. The disapperance of metal ions from source phase as a function of time was studied in emulsion liquid membrane systems comprised in an aqueous source phase [0.001mole/L M(NO_3)_n(M^n+ =Na^+, Mg^2+, Ca^2+, Sr^2+, Ba^2+, Zn^2+, Cu^2+, Cd^2+, Mn^2+ 와 Pb^2+)], a toluene membrane containing of the macrocyclic ligand[acryloyl methyl benzo-18-crown-6 and poly(acryloyl methyl benzo-18-crown-6)] and the surfactant Span 80, and an aqueous Li_4P_2O_7 receiving phase. In the experiment for metal ions transport using this emulsioning liquid membrane, the Pb^2+ ion transport was more higher than other metal ions.

EU의 Biomass를 이용한 에너지 생산

이종식,고문환,박우균,안종웅 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

EU 국가들의 1993년부터 1999년까지의 6년간 재생에너지 사용량 변화를 살펴보기 위하여 절대량 증가와 증가율을 조사하였다. 많은 나라들이 높은 사용량 증가 또는 증가율을 나타내었다. 초기에 재생에너지 사용이 적었던 나라들은 1999년에도 실질적인 생산량은 적지만 기간 중 높은 증가율을 보였다. 반면에 1993년에 이미 사용량이 높았던 나라들은 낮은 증가율을 보였으나 전체사용량은 높은 수준이었다. 재생 에너지 사용의 성공 여부는 보급 확대를 위해 많은 장해물들을 극복한 후에 성취될 수 있다. 보급 확대를 위한 요인들로는 정치적, 제도적, 재정적, 행정적인 지원과 기술개발, 홍보, 교육 및 훈련 등이 있다. Biomass를 이용한 에너지 생산 및 보급에 성공한 덴마크, 핀란드, 독일, 스페인 및 스웨덴의 송공 요인들을 소개하였다. In order to identify those Member State/technology combinations where there has been most success in achieving renewable energy penetration over the six-year period 1993-1999, the two selection criteria such as absolute increase and percentage of increase have been applied. Many Member States show either a large absolute increase in renewable energy output, or a large percentage of increase. Member States with only very low initial levels of renewable energy use may demonstrate rapid growth rates even though the actual quantity of output is still only small. Conversely, Member State with levels of renewable energy use that were already relatively high in 1993 show a less rapid percentage growth rate, but these Member States may still Have added significant quantities to the overall output. Successful penetration of renewable energy can only be achieved after overcoming many varied obstacles to an increase in their exploitation. Factors, which can influence the successful implementation of renewable energy projects, include political, legislative, financial administration, technological development, information, education and training. Examples of successful penetration of biomass power were shown for Denmark, Finland, Germany, Spain and Sweden.

CFT구조용 초고강도 충전 콘크리트의 현장 적용을 위한 실험적 연구

이장환,남정민,정근호,김진호,정상진,최문식 대한건축학회 2004 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.24 No.1(구조계)

Due to social problems such as the increasing of land price and the expanding of city, buildings require more complex and bigger components and structure. However, the complex and massive building projects need new technology to solve effect of local buckling and the needs for more space. Hence, Concrete Filled Tube Steel (CFT), the tube steel to hold concrete during pouring and curing of concrete procedure, which helps to reduce local buckling and space, was developed. Most researches on CFT might not be focused on the characteristic of concrete filled in tube but structural analysis. However, it is the essential factor to increase the strength of concrete on CFT for having efficient results. Therefore, this paper will describe how to apply CFT into the construction site through examining High Strength Concrete (800kg/cm2), the strength of core, and bleeding during pouring strategy.

레미콘 회수수의 안정적 재활용을 위한 교반수조의 설비유형 효과

이문환,이세현,박영신,박재명 대한건축학회 2005 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.21 No.2

Using the sludge water in producing ready mixed concrete, which is generated as washing surplus concrete after completing manufacturing and transportation of concrete is the best method in meeting the issue of cost of production and environment. However, in reality, using sludge water decreases Quality, and solid ingredients adhere to the transportation line of sludge water and the basin of sludge water, agitated to prevent precipitation of sludge, which incurs tremendous amount of repair expenses. In order to resolve the problems above, we have studied stable methods of supplying sludge water and experimentally reviewed the types of facilities. The result showed that a facility that added stabilizing agents which retarded hydration of unhydrated cement in sludge water for certain periods (2-3 days) and simultaneously agitated and moved by air diffusion and vertical flat blade impeller was most effective in stabilizing concentration of solid and preventing precipitation of solid in the bottom of basin. In addition, the performance of agitation and prevention of adherence of reaction basin of sludge water depended on selective efficiency of sand grain, and it has been studied that buffering inconsistent band of circulation of sludge water by operating the ring blower for air diffusion to the maximum was advantageous to preventing managing concentration and prevention of adherence.

왕우렁이(apple snails)의 생리ㆍ생태적 특성에 관한 연구

이상범,고문환,나영은,김진호 한국환경농학회 2002 한국환경농학회지 Vol.21 No.1

왕우렁이가 자연상태에 전파되어 서식되는 경로는 양식장의 배수시, 홍수로 인한 노지 양식장 붕괴 및 제초용 왕우렁이 입식에 의하여 이루어지고 있다. 왕우렁이의 생리적 특성을 보면 알 크기는 2.47 ㎜, 난괴크기는 1.8×4.3×0.94 ㎝, 알무게 12.78 ㎎, 산란수 157∼784개/1마리(평균 321개/마리) 유체크기 1.69×2.15㎜, 유체 무게 3.32㎎ 최저 산란 왕우렁이 크기 2.40×2.26 ㎝ 이상, 1개알 산란소요시간 22.4초 였다. 알의 색변화는 산란직후 우유빛의 연분홍에서 중기에는 선홍색, 부화직전에는 흐린 연보라색으로 변화하면서 부화된다. 왕우렁이 섭식 대상은 벼, 논잡초, 미나리, 토마토, (양)배추, 무, 호박, 콩잎 등 대부분의 농작물을 포함한 식물체 및 동족의 왕우렁이 등 수중동물이었다. 왕우렁이 월동지역은 장항, 장성 및 해남지역으로 양지녘의 식물체 줄기나 벼 그루터기에 산란된 알과 성체 상태로 저수지나 논의 물웅덩이에서 월동고, 5월 중순이후 수로의 벽이나 식물체 줄기에 산란하며 6월과 9월에 번식이 가장 왕성하였다. 서식지 수질특성은 변이 폭이 컸으나 pH가 7.07∼9.50 범위로 알칼리성에서 주로 번성하였다. 왕우렁이에 의한 벼 가해 양상중 바 발아초기에는 왕우렁이 크기에 관계없이 모두 벼싹을 가해하였고, 벼품종과 생육시기에 따라 차이가 있으며 어린묘 일수록 가해율이 높았으며, 이앙후 45일 벼(초장 약 73 ㎝)도 각고 3.3∼3.5 ㎝ 이상의 중형 왕우렁이는 가해하였다. This experiment was carried out to obtain some information about overwintering, physiological and ecological characteristics of apple snails. Another purpose of this experiment was to characterize an appetite for rice plants by apple snails and to elucidate their choice of fresh green ones (vegetables, some other crops, weeds in rice fields). The freshwater snails were found with higher population at sites abundant organic compounds such as plant debris and at regions with high temperature. They also prefer calcium-rich water. This is a naturally occurring process. Apple snails were exceptionally well-adapted to the south regions of Korea, especially Janghang, Jangseong and Haenam, even if the temperature of winter season is cold below 0℃. Apple snails were not very selective in their food choice and eat almost everything available in their environment. A snail have something called a radula in its mouth for grinding up its food. A apple snail also chews on fruits and young succulent plant barks. In case of reproduction, apple snails deposit about 157~784 (average of 321 eggs) milky white to pale orange colored eggs above the waterline. In approximately every 22.4 seconds a new egg appears. The total time needed to deposit a egg mass varies from 58 minutes~4 hours 13 minutes. Apple snails reproduct actively from May to June and from September to October. An appetite of apple snails for rice plants was the different depending on their size and growing stage for rice plants. Apple snails had a great appetite of rice plants as well as dropwort, tomato, cabbage, radish, aquatic plants etc. They preferred to eat young rice plants and drastically quit eating rice plants of over 40 cm in height. Thus considering the food preference of apple snail for various plants including rice, they were thought to be a potentially strong predator in fields, especially, at regions with warmer winter.

ASEAN 회원국들의 지속농업 추진 현황

이종식,고문환 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

‘지속농업을 위한 연구와 개발’에 관한 심포지엄은 ASEAN 회원국, 중국, 일본 및 대한민궁이 참여하여 회원국가들의 농업기술 정보교환의 장을 제공하는 것을 근본 목적으로 개최되고 있다. 제 2차 AMAF+3 심포지엄은 ‘농업을 위한 토양과 물이용 및 보전’이란 주제로 2003년 2월 25일부터 26일까지 캄보디아 프놈펜에서 개최되었다. 총 11개국의 지속농업에 관한 추진 현황들이 발표되엇다. 1. 주제 발표로 일본은 “물부족과 지하수 오염 및 노동력 문제 해결을 위한 지속농업”에 대하여 한국은 “한국의 농경지 및 용수 문제 해결을 위한 지속농업”에 대하여 발표를 하였다. 2. ASEAN 각 국의 발표 내용은 브루나이의 “토양 비옥도 유지를 위한 연구와 개발”, 캄보디아의 “벼 생산성 증대를 위한 문제점”, 인도네시아의 “토양 지속성과 토지사용의 변화”, 라오스의 “지속농업을 위한 토양 비옥도 관리”. 말레이시아의 “지속농업을 위한 연구와 개발”, 미얀마의 “지속농업을 위한 연구와 개발”, 필리핀의 “토양 비옥도 보존 및 토양 관리를 위한 연구와 개발”, 싱가포르의 “지속농업 발전을 위한 연구와 개발”, 및 베트남의 “지속농업을 위한 연구개발” 등이었다. The second AMAF+3 symposium on research and development for sustainable agriculture was held in Phnom Penh. Cambodia on 25~26 February 2003. The basic objective of the symposium was to werve as a platform for the exchange of agricultural technology information among ASEAN+3 member countries. At this symposium, 11 countries were participated including Japan. Korea, and nine ASEAN member countries. As the results of the symposium, each country presented the papers entitled 'Mounting water deficits and the groundwater pollution'. 'Sustainable agriculture to solve the bottleneck of labor issues'. 'Sustainable agriculture to solve the issues of land and water in Korea', 'Research and development activities for sustainable soil fertility management in Brunei Darussalam', 'Productivity constraints of rice production in Cambodia'. 'Land suitability and land use changes in Indonesia'. 'Soil fertility management for sustainable agriculture in lowland rice in the Lao PDR', 'Research and development towards sustainable agriculture in Malaysia', 'Research and development for sustainable agriculture in Myanmar', 'Research and development on soil fertility management and soil conservation in the Philippines', 'Research and development in Singapore to solve the bottleneck to promote sustainable agriculture', and 'Towards the development of sustainable agriculture in Vietnam'.