Mapping the Rescue Equipment Mobilization Potential: Decision Support Tool for Emergency Management

Kim, Daeho,Hong, Taehoon,Lee, Minhyun,Koo, Choongwan,Kim, Jimin,Jeong, Kwangbok American Society of Civil Engineers 2017 Journal of management in engineering Vol.33 No.6

<P>From a managerial perspective, prediagnosis of emergency response potential and decision support during rescue operations are essential for improving emergency response capability. Toward this end, this paper introduces a novel index to measure equipment availability at a certain location and time: rescue equipment mobilization potential within standard emergency response time (REMPSERT), which was estimated and visualized in a map based on the geographic information system (GIS). It is shown that the accuracy of the proposed map was in a highly acceptable range (i.e., 92.4%) compared with a commercialized navigation system. Using the validated map, two case studies are presented: (1) the prediagnosis of response potential (case: Seoul), and (2) the decision support for optimal dispatching of rescue equipment (case: Mauna Ocean Resort collapse), through which the utility and efficacy of the proposed map in emergency management were verified. (C) 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.</P>

A Study on the Safety Operations of and Fishery Resources Monitoring by Small Coastal Fishing Vessels

Kwangbok Kim,Yongbeom Pyeon,Jeongsam Lee,Dohoon Kim,Wooseok Oh,Inwoo Han,Kyounghoon LEE 한국수산해양기술학회(구 한국어업기술학회) 2018 한국수산해양기술학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2018 No.11

Establishment of electronic fishing logbook and monitoring of fishing boats in the coastal and offshore area

Kwangbok Kim,Sukyung Kang,Jung-Jin Kim,Yongbeom Pyeon,Hyng-Kee Cha,Kyounghoon Lee 한국수산해양기술학회(구 한국어업기술학회) 2017 한국수산해양기술학회 학술발표대회 Vol.2017 No.11

로어암용 980MPa급 열연 초고장력강 소재 개발

김태응(Taeeung Kim),도형협(Hyeonghyeop Do),손경주(Kyoungju Sohn),이광복(Kwangbok Lee),김규태(Kyutae Kim) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2022 No.11

자동차 전기장치 사용량에 따른 연비 특성 연구

김성우(Sungwoo Kim),이민호(Minho Lee),김기호(Kiho Kim),정충섭(Choongsub Jung),노경완(Kyunghwan Rho),이광복(Kwangbok Lee) 한국에너지학회 2013 한국에너지공학회 학술발표회 Vol.2013 No.11

복합재 대차프레임의 볼트 체결부 내구성 향상을 위한 인서트 영향에 관한 연구

김준환(JunHwan Kim),신광복(KwangBok Shin),김정석(JungSeok Kim) 대한기계학회 2014 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.38 No.7

본 논문에서는 복합재 대차프레임 볼트 체결부의 내구성 향상 방안에 대한 연구를 다루고 있다. 이를 위해, 인서트와 나사산 유무에 따른 3가지 경우를 고려하여 볼트 체결부에 대한 시험 및 해석을 통해 인서트 형태 및 유무에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 제안된 볼트 체결부의 구조 성능은 ASTM D5961에 의거한 시험을 통해 비교 평가하였다. 시험결과, 나사산이 없는 인서트를 갖는 볼트 체결부가 가장 적합한 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 볼트 체결부를 고려한 복합재 대차프레임에 대한 구조 안전성 평가를 JIS E 4207에 의거하여 유한요소해석을 통해 평가하였다. 복합재 구조물은 Tsai-Wu 파손기준식에 의해 파손평가를 적용하였고, 볼트 체결부와 같은 금속재 구조물은 Von-Mises 파손기준식에 의해 평가하였다. 이때, 볼트 체결부의 경우에는 상세한 구조해석 결과 검토를 위해 서브모델링 기법을 적용하였다. 구조해석결과, 나사산이 없는 인서트가 적용된 볼트 체결부의 경우에는 볼트 체결부 주위의 복합재 구조물에 발생하는 Tsai-Wu 파손지수가 다른 경우에 비해 약 50% 감소하는 경향을 보였는데, 이는 나사선이 없는 인서트 형상이 복합재 대차프레임 볼트 체결부의 내구성을 향상시킬 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. This paper describes the study on a method for improving the structural durability of bolted joints applied to a composite bogie frame. In this study, three bolted joints with and without inserts and screw threads were selected for determining the effect of the inserts, using experiment and analysis. The structural performances of the proposed bolted joints were compared and evaluated using the test method prescribed by the ASTM D5961 standard. The results revealed that the bolted joint having an insert shape without the screw thread offered improved durability for application to a composite bogie frame. Furthermore, the structural integrity of the frame comprising the bolted joints was evaluated using finite element analysis according to the JIS E 4207 standard. The Tasi-Wu and Von-Mises failure criteria were used for determining the failure of the composite structure and bolted joints, respectively. A sub-modeling technique was introduced for investigating the performance of the bolted joints in greater detail. The analysis results demonstrated that the Tasi-Wu failure index of the composite structure near the bolted joints was reduced by approximately one-half after applying an insert without the screw thread. This implies that the structural durability of the bolted joints of a composite bogie frame could be improved by using a metal insert without the screw thread.

CuInSe2 단일전구체에서 스퍼터링된 박막의 광학적, 구조적 및 전기적 특성평가

정채환(Jeong, Chaehwan),김새록(Kim, Saerok),김진혁(Kim, Jinhyeok),김광복(Kim, Kwangbok) 한국신재생에너지학회 2010 한국신재생에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.06

Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS)박막태양전지는 간단한구조와 가격경쟁력 및 고효율화 가능성에 대한 기대감에 의해 많은 연구가 수행되어오고 있다. 특히 높은 흡수계수와 적절한 밴드갭, 큰 결정크기와 같은 물질의 특성들이 장점으로 작용하고 있기 때문이다. 또한 CIGS박막태양전지는 다른 태양전지에 비해 광열화가 적다는 장점도 가지고 있다. CIGS 박막은 CuInSe2내의 In 사이트에 Ga을 도핑함으로서 형성이 되는데 그때의 밴드갭은 약 1.4eV이며 이를 형성하기 위해 많은 방법들이 제안되고 있는데, CIGS박막 형성 시 가장 중요시 여겨야 될 인자는 구성원소로부터 최적화된 조성비를 찾는 것이다. 이러한 관점에서 볼때 evaporation법이나 sputtering법같은 진공방식의 공정법이 비진공방식에 비해 최적의 조성비를 찾는 것이 수월할 것으로 생각된다. selenization을 하기전에, 동시증착이나 다층박막형성을 통해 Cu-In-Se의 조합이 일반적으로 이루어진다. 어떤방법이든 Se의 부가적인 공급이 이루어지는데 시작 전구체의 조합에서 그 해법을 제시하는 것에 대한 논의가 많이 부족한 현실로서, CuInSe2의 단일전구체에 의한 박막형성과 특성평가에 대해 구체적인 논의가 필요하다. 본 실험에서는 Cu-In-Se 전구체를 CuInSe2 단일 타겟에서부터 RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링법을 이용하여 박막증착을 하여 Se의 Rapid Thermal Process(RTA)법을 통해 Se이 순차적으로 공급되었다. 이때 형성되는 박막의 태양전지 흡수층 적용을 위한 광학적, 전기적 및 구조적에 대한 논의된다. Soda lime glass(SLG)와 Corning 1737 유리를 기판으로 하여 아세톤-에탄올을 이용, 초음파세척을 실시하였다. 스퍼터 공정을 하기전에 흡착된 물분자를 제거하기 위하여 약 30분간 120?C로 열을 가해주었으며, 공정을 위한 총 아르곤 가스의 양은 약 50sccm이며 이때의 공정압력은 20mtorr로 고정하였다. 우선 RF power와 기판온도에 따른 단일전구체 형성을 관찰하기 위하여 각각 30~80W, RT~400?C로 변화를 주어 박막을 형성한 후 모든 sample에 대하여 500?C분위기에 effusion cell을 이용하여 Se 분위기에서 결정화를 실시하였다. 샘플의 두께는 Surface profiler로 측정하였고 단면은 전자주사현미경으로 관찰되었다. 동시에 SEM이미지를 통하여 morphology와 grain size 및 EDX를 통하여 조성분석을 하였다. 밴드갭, 투과율 및 흡수계수는 UV-VIS-NIR분광분석법을 통하여 수행되었으며, 전기적 특성분석을 위해 4-point-probe와 Hall effect측정을 수행하였다. 공정변수에 따른 단일타겟으로 얻어 결정화된 CuInSe2박막의 자세한 결과와 논의에 대하여 발표한다.

Establishment of an optimal occupant behavior considering the energy consumption and indoor environmental quality by region

Kim, Jimin,Hong, Taehoon,Jeong, Jaemin,Lee, Myeonghwi,Lee, Minhyun,Jeong, Kwangbok,Koo, Choongwan,Jeong, Jaewook Elsevier 2017 APPLIED ENERGY Vol.204 No.-

<P>Reducing a building's energy consumption and providing better indoor environmental quality (IEQ) are the two major issues that building professionals are facing all over the world. It is not easy, however, to simultaneously address both issues. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the optimal occupant behavior that can simultaneously reduce total energy consumption and improve the IEQ, using an energy simulation and optimization tool. This study also developed an integrated IEQ score by combining three different IEQ indices (i.e., thermal comfort, indoor air quality (IAQ), and visual comfort) for building users to easily understand the IEQ condition. To analyze the effects of occupant behavior by region, the education facility was selected as the target facility, and five target regions were selected considering the Koppen climate classification system and the C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group. Finally, a total of 5 x 1.01 x 10(22) occupant behavior combinations can be generated in the five target regions. As a result, among the four target variables (i.e., total energy consumption, thermal comfort, IAQ and visual comfort), the total energy consumption of the optimal solution was found to have changed most dramatically compared to that of the basic condition in terms of percentage (94.7%), due to its strong correlation with the overall occupant behavior (the highest correlation coefficient: 0.879). Therefore, it is shown that occupant behavior has more influence on the total energy consumption than on the three IEQ indices. Among the three IEQ indices, the IAQ of the optimal solution decreased most significantly compared to that of the basic condition (the highest reduction ratio: 4.04% in Ulsan), which indicates that the IAQ has more influences on the integrated IEQ score than thermal and visual comfort. The facility manager and the building user can operate the building for reducing total energy consumption and improving the IEQ considering occupant behavior, which can be used as the building management guideline in various regions. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>

Physiological response of building occupants based on their activity and the indoor environmental quality condition changes

Kim, Jimin,Kong, Minjin,Hong, Taehoon,Jeong, Kwangbok,Lee, Minhyun Elsevier 2018 Building and environment Vol.145 No.-

<P>This study aimed to analyze the physiological response (i.e., blood pressure) of building occupants based on the 22 subjects' activity and the Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) condition (i.e., carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration and operative temperature) changes. The experiment was designed with three scenarios to simulate the IEQ condition changes. In each scenario, six cognitive tasks that simulate office work were conducted by the subjects to determine their activity that cause work stress. The paired-t test was conducted to analyze the building occupants' physiological response by scenario. As a result, with a low CO2 concentration (below 1000 ppm), the subjects maintained homeostasis well under work stress. It was difficult to maintain homeostasis, however, with a high CO2 concentration (above 2000 ppm): When the subjects were under work stress, they showed different responses compared to those of the seated state. Homeostasis was affected by stress, according to the IEQ condition changes. The unacceptable condition and work stress were particularly dangerous for the hypertensive (i.e., above 140 mmHg systolic blood pressure) subjects. For the maintenance of homeostasis of occupants, a low CO2 concentration (below 1000 ppm) should be kept, and work stress above a certain level should be avoided. The building's mechanical system designer and facility manager can manage the IEQ condition considering the building occupants' physiological responses, which can be used as an IEQ condition management guideline for health.</P>

The effects of filters for an intelligent air pollutant control system considering natural ventilation and the occupants

Kim, Jimin,Kong, Minjin,Hong, Taehoon,Jeong, Kwangbok,Lee, Minhyun Elsevier 2019 Science of the Total Environment Vol.657 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Experimental analysis was conducted on the indoor air pollutant concentration using natural ventilation and filters. The study targeted two office rooms each of which was occupied by four people, and with the same outdoor environments. A non-woven fabric filter (room A) and an electrostatic filter (room B) were installed on the window frame, and the indoor air pollutant concentration and indoor climate factors were monitored based on the number of occupants and the occupants' activities. The results are as follows: (i) when the number of occupants in each room increased from 0.03–0.06 to 1.53–1.63, room A showed a 60% average PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration increase while room B showed an opposite result (10% average PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration decrease), meaning the electrostatic filter's lower resistance to flow contributed to better ventilation and also decreased the influence of the occupants on the indoor air pollutant concentration. A low correlation (0.323–0.350) between the CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentration and the occupants in room B also proved these results; (ii) while the average PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration in room A was 9 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP> higher than that in room B, the average PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> concentration in room A was higher by only 0.2 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>, which showing that much of the generated or resuspended indoor particulate matter was PM<SUB>10</SUB>; and (iii) due to the more frequent heat transfer from outdoors to indoors, room B consumed 23% more heating energy. The results of this study are expected to be used as bases for the establishment of an appropriate management strategy that considers the indoor air pollutant concentration caused by the number of occupants and occupants' activities by combining natural ventilation and filters.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Non-woven fabric filter and electrostatic filter differed in natural ventilation. </LI> <LI> The number of occupants affected indoor CO<SUB>2</SUB> concentration. </LI> <LI> The activities of occupants significantly increase PM<SUB>10</SUB> in office room. </LI> <LI> High ‘resistance to flow’ of filter increases indoor PM<SUB>10</SUB> and PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>