Long-Term Changes in Post-Stroke Depression, Emotional Incontinence, and Anger

Boseong Kwon,Eun-Jae Lee,박성호,Ji Sung Lee,Min Hwan Lee,Daeun Jeong,Dongwhane Lee,Hyuk Sung Kwon,Dae-Il Chang,Jong-Ho Park,Jae-Kwan Cha,허지회,Sung-Il Sohn,Dong-Eog Kim,Smi Choi-Kwon,Jong S. Kim 대한뇌졸중학회 2021 Journal of stroke Vol.23 No.2

Background and Purpose Long-term changes in post-stroke depression (PSD), post-stroke emotional incontinence (PSEI), and post-stroke anger (PSA) have rarely been studied. Methods This is a sub-study of EMOTION, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial, that examined the efficacy of escitalopram on PSD, PSEI, and PSA in patients with stroke. We interviewed patients at the long-term period (LTP) using predefined questionnaires: Montgomery-Åsberg depression rating scale (MADRS) for PSD, modified Kim’s criteria for PSEI, and Spielberger trait anger scale for PSA. Additionally, the ENRICHD Social Support Instrument (ESSI) for the social support state and the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were measured. We investigated the changes in and factors behind PSD, PSEI, and PSA at LTP. Results A total of 222 patients were included, and the median follow-up duration was 59.5 months (interquartile range, 50 to 70). Compared to the data at 6 months post-stroke, the prevalence of PSEI (11.7% at 6 months, 6.3% at LTP; P=0.05) and mean anger score (21.62, 16.24; P<0.01) decreased, while the prevalence of PSD (35.6%, 44.6%; P=0.03) and mean MADRS (6.16, 8.67; P<0.01) increased at LTP. ESSI was associated with PSD and PSA, but not with PSEI. The effect of the baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on PSD decreased over time. The effect of low social support on PSD was greater than that of mRS at LTP. Conclusions The prevalence and degree of PSD significantly increased, while those of PSEI and PSA decreased at LTP. PSD in this stage appeared to be more closely associated with a lack of social support than patients' physical disabilities.

Simulations of energy balance components at snow-dominated montane watershed by land surface models

Kim, Daeun,Ray, Ram L.,Choi, Minha Springer-Verlag 2017 Environmental Earth Sciences Vol.76 No.9

<P>The quantification of energy interactions among land surface, atmosphere, and surface vegetation is significant to comprehend the hydrological cycle in montane watersheds. Moreover, elevation change is an essential in causing variations in energy fluxes. Thus, estimating the major components of energy interactions is essential for better understanding of the hydrological process. The advanced land surface models (LSMs); the common land model (CLM) and variables infiltration capacity (VIC) are used to estimate accurate hydrometeorological variables. These hydrometeorological variables such as net radiation and sensible, latent, and ground heat fluxes were estimated using CLM and VIC at upper and lower meteorological stations in Sierra Nevada Mountain, California, USA. The estimated fluxes were compared with observations at each site. The estimated daily and monthly net radiation and sensible heat flux from both models showed good agreement with the observations (R >= 0.84). The CLM-modeled estimates showed lower trends during the rainfall periods, which occurred mainly during winter at both sites. In comparison, the estimated daily and monthly latent heat flux from CLM at both sites showed better results with lower RMSE and bias than that from VIC, which underestimated latent heat flux. Both models overestimated ground heat flux, and the variation trend was similar to observation. For sensitivity analysis, according to elevation change, all the estimated energy fluxes had slightly different values at the upper and lower met stations. In future studies, parameterization for the LSMs will be conducted for more robust estimations of hydrometeorological variables in montane watersheds.</P>

Ivermectin and gemcitabine combination treatment enhances antitumor effect in pancreatic cancer through mitochondria dysfunction

Daeun LEE,Hyeon Woong KANG,So Yi KIM,Myeong Jin KIM,Yun Sun LEE,Hyung Sun KIM,Jung Min LEE,Hyo Jung KIM,Joon Seong PARK 한국간담췌외과학회 2022 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.26 No.-

An Open Medical Platform to Share Source Code and Various Pre-Trained Weights for Models to Use in Deep Learning Research

Kim Sungchul,Cho Sungman,Cho Kyungjin,Seo Jiyeon,Nam Yujin,Park Jooyoung,Kim Kyuri,Kim Daeun,Hwang Jeongeun,Yun Jihye,Jang Miso,Lee Hyunna,김남국 대한영상의학회 2021 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.22 No.12

Deep learning-based applications have great potential to enhance the quality of medical services. The power of deep learning depends on open databases and innovation. Radiologists can act as important mediators between deep learning and medicine by simultaneously playing pioneering and gatekeeping roles. The application of deep learning technology in medicine is sometimes restricted by ethical or legal issues, including patient privacy and confidentiality, data ownership, and limitations in patient agreement. In this paper, we present an open platform, MI2RLNet, for sharing source code and various pre-trained weights for models to use in downstream tasks, including education, application, and transfer learning, to encourage deep learning research in radiology. In addition, we describe how to use this open platform in the GitHub environment. Our source code and models may contribute to further deep learning research in radiology, which may facilitate applications in medicine and healthcare, especially in medical imaging, in the near future. All code is available at https://github.com/mi2rl/MI2RLNet.

Estimation of health benefits from air quality improvement using the MODIS AOD dataset in Seoul, Korea

Kim, Daeun,Kim, Jeongyeong,Jeong, Jaehwan,Choi, Minha Elsevier 2019 Environmental research Vol.173 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Exposure to fine particles in the atmosphere can adversely affect health and even lead to premature death. Recently, South Korea has attracted attention because of its rapid increase in the concentration of Particulate Matter (PM).</P> <P><B>Objectives</B></P> <P>We estimated the economic benefits of reducing PM<SUB>10</SUB> in Seoul, South Korea, based on MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD). Based on the retrieved PM<SUB>10</SUB> data, we estimated its effects on overall health in each district of Seoul, Korea between 2014 and 2015.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>The relationships between MODIS AOD and ground-based PM<SUB>10</SUB> data were identified in different seasons in South Korea between 2012 and 2013 using the linear regression model. The health benefits were estimated by the Benefits Mapping and Analysis Program (Benmap) using the scenarios from the World Health Organization (WHO).</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The correlation between MODIS AOD and PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration differed with the season. There was a higher correlation between MODIS AOD and PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration in winter (R = 0.57) than there was in other seasons. Based on the MODIS AOD, the average annual PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration in Seoul was higher in 2014 than it was in 2015, at values of 45.7 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>, and 41.6 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>, respectively. The greatest economic benefit of reducing PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration (WHO annual standard of 20 μg/m<SUP>3</SUP>) was in 2014. This benefit was estimated to be 7022 (95% CI: 599, 20496), 2617 (95% CI: 216, 7750), and 1328 (95% CI: −159, 4679) billion KRW for all-cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortalities in 2014 and 2015, respectively.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>These results demonstrate that, despite considerable improvements in air quality in recent decades, there is still a need for countermeasures to prevent economic loss due to air pollution in Seoul.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Verification of the relationship between PM<SUB>10</SUB> and temperature, wind speed, humidity, and, AOD. </LI> <LI> Induced interaction formula between AOD and ground-based PM<SUB>10</SUB> throughout South Korea. </LI> <LI> Estimation of health benefits according to air pollution improvement for Seoul districts, Korea. </LI> <LI> Finding a high correlation between the MODIS AOD and PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration during winter in South Korea. </LI> <LI> Representing large economic impacts due to air quality improvement. </LI> </UL> </P>

Full-Body Animation of Human Locomotion in Reduced Gravity Using Physics-Based Control

Kim, Yun-hyeong,Kwon, Taesoo,Song, Daeun,Kim, Young J. IEEE 2017 IEEE computer graphics and applications Vol.37 No.6

<P>The proposed physics-based approach can generate stable and robust full-body animation of various gaits under different gravitational conditions. As input, this method takes motion-captured human motions in the Earth’s gravity and builds an inverted-pendulum on cart (IPC) control model, which is analyzed using the motion-captured data. The authors use a pre-estimation model based on the Froude number to predict the desired velocity and stride frequency of a character model in hypogravity and then generate full-body animation using a pendulum trajectory generator, motion planner, and tracking.</P>

Deep sequencing of B cell receptor repertoire

( Daeun Kim ),( Daechan Park ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2019 BMB Reports Vol.52 No.9

Immune repertoire is a collection of enormously diverse adaptive immune cells within an individual. As the repertoire shapes and represents immunological conditions, identification of clones and characterization of diversity are critical for understanding how to protect ourselves against various illness such as infectious diseases and cancers. Over the past several years, fast growing technologies for high throughput sequencing have facilitated rapid advancement of repertoire research, enabling us to observe the diversity of repertoire at an unprecedented level. Here, we focus on B cell receptor (BCR) repertoire and review approaches to B cell isolation and sequencing library construction. These experiments should be carefully designed according to BCR regions to be interrogated, such as heavy chain full length, complementarity determining regions, and isotypes. We also highlight preprocessing steps to remove sequencing and PCR errors with unique molecular index and bioinformatics techniques. Due to the nature of massive sequence variation in BCR, caution is warranted when interpreting repertoire diversity from error-prone sequencing data. Furthermore, we provide a summary of statistical frameworks and bioinformatics tools for clonal evolution and diversity. Finally, we discuss limitations of current BCR-seq technologies and future perspectives on advances in repertoire sequencing. [BMB Reports 2019; 52(9): 540-547]

Parametric Blind Restoration of Bi-level Images with Unknown Intensities

Daeun Kim,Sohyun Ahn,Jeongtae Kim 대한전자공학회 2016 IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing & Computing Vol.5 No.5

We propose a parametric blind deconvolution method for bi-level images with unknown intensity levels that estimates unknown parameters for point spread functions and images by minimizing a penalized nonlinear least squares objective function based on normalized correlation coefficients and two regularization functions. Unlike conventional methods, the proposed method does not require knowledge about true intensity values. Moreover, the objective function of the proposed method can be effectively minimized, since it has the special structure of nonlinear least squares. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulations and experiments.

Berberine Suppresses Cell Motility Through Downregulation of TGF-β1 in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells

Kim, Sangmin,Lee, Jeongmin,You, Daeun,Jeong, Yisun,Jeon, Myeongjin,Yu, Jonghan,Kim, Seok Won,Nam, Seok Jin,Lee, Jeong Eon S. KARGER AG 2018 CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY Vol.45 No.2

<P><B><I>Background/Aims:</I></B> Transforming growth factor-beta proteins (TGF-βs) are multifunctional growth factors and powerful modulators of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in a variety of cancer types including breast and lung cancer cells. Here, we demonstrated the inhibitory effect of berberine (BBR) on tumor growth and metastasis of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells via suppression of TGF-β1 expression. <B><I>Methods:</I></B> The levels of mRNA expression were analyzed by real-time PCR. The levels of MMP-2, MMP-9 and TGF-β1 protein expression were analyzed by zymography and confocal microscopy, respectively. Cell migration was analyzed by wound healing assay. Tumorigenicity of TNBC cells such as tumor growth and metastasis was analyzed using xenograft models. <B><I>Results:</I></B> In a clinical data set, aberrant TGF-β1 expression was associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. Our <I>in vitro</I> results using TNBC cells showed that the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 and the capacity for cell migration were increased by TGF-β1 treatment. In contrast, basal levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were suppressed by a specific TGF-β receptor I inhibitor, SB431542. In addition, TGF-β1–induced MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression and cell migration were decreased by SB431542. Interestingly, we showed for the first time that BBR decreased the level of TGF-β1, but not TGF-β2, in TNBC cells. Furthermore, BBR significantly decreased the level of MMP-2 expression as well as the capacity for cell migration in TNBC cells. Finally, we examined the effect of BBR on <I>in vivo</I> tumor growth and lung metastasis in MDA-MB231 and 4T1 breast cancer xenograft models and showed that both were significantly decreased following BBR treatment. <B><I>Conclusion:</I></B> BBR suppresses tumorigenicity of TNBC cells through inhibition of TGF-β1 expression. Therefore, we demonstrate that BBR could be a promising drug for treatment of TNBC.</P>

Effects of b-carotene on Expression of Selected MicroRNAs, Histone Acetylation, and DNA Methylation in Colon Cancer Stem Cells

Daeun Kim,Yerin Kim,김유리 대한암예방학회 2019 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.24 No.4

Background: Beta-carotene (BC) is a carotenoid which exerts anti-cancer effects in several types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. Epigenetic modifications of genes, such as histone deacetylation and DNA hypermethylation, have also been detected in various types of cancer. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying cancer preventive and therapeutic effects of BC, microRNAs (miRNAs), histone acetylation, and global DNA methylation in colon cancer stem cells (CSCs) were investigated. Methods: HCT116 colon cancer cells positive for expression of CD44 and CD133 were sorted by flow cytometry and used in subsequent experiments. Cell proliferation was examined by the MTT assay and self-renewal capacity was analyzed by the sphere formation assay. The miRNA sequencing array was used to detect miRNAs regulated by BC. Histone acetylation levels were measured by the Western blot analysis. mRNA expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) was examined by qPCR and global DNA methylation levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Treatment of CD44+CD133+ colon CSCs with BC caused a reduction in both cell proliferation and sphere formation. Analysis of the miRNA sequencing array showed that BC regulated expression of miRNAs associated with histone acetylation. Histone H3 and H4 acetylation levels were elevated by BC treatment. In addition, BC treatment down-regulated DNMT3A mRNA expression and global DNA methylation in colon CSCs. Conclusions: These results suggest that BC regulates epigenetic modifications for its anti-cancer effects in colon CSCs. (J Cancer Prev 2019;24:224-232)