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- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Kim Won-Ik (검색결과 1,901 건)
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( Ik Sung Choi ),( Kil Jong Yu ),( Dae Hyeon Cho ),( Ji Enu Oh ),( Chang Wook Jeong ),( Kwang Min Kim ),( Hyoun Soo Lee ),( Jung Won Lee ),( Dong Kyu Lee ),( Byung Soo Kwan ),( Sang Goon Shim ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: A direct-acting antiviral (DAA) drug is in the spotlight for the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C. The combination of sofosbuvir and ribavirin is more effective than the peg IFN and ribavirin in patients with genotype 2 HCV. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment efficacy and safety for GT2 HCV patients treated with sofosbuvir and ribavirin in a single center. Methods: The study was performed retrograde from May 2016 to December 2017 in GT2 HCV patients treated with sofosbuvir (400mg) plus ribavirin (800-1200mg; based on body weight) treatment. The primary endpoint was sustained virologic response at 12 weeks (SVR12). The secondary endpoint was the occurrence of side effects during treatment. Results: A total of 95 patients with GT2 HCV infection were enrolled, of which 92 were genotype 2a (96.8%) and 3 were 2b (3.2%). 2 patients were follow up loss, 1 patient discontinued treatment voluntarily. SVR12 was confirmed in 91 of 92 patients (98.91%). 1 patient with failed treatment were combined LC and HCC, HCV RNA was not detected at 4 weeks and 8 weeks after initiation of treatment, but HCV RNA detected at 12 weeks. Liver cirrhosis was diagnosed on the imaging studies or clinical manifestations and 24 patients were included (CTP-A; n=23, C; n=1). SVR12 with cirrhotic patients was 95.83%. The average HCR RNA titer was 2.46x10<sup>6</sup> IU/ml. Hemoglobin decrease (Mean ± SD; 2.95±1.19 g/dl) occurred in 21 patients during treatment and ribavirin dose reduction was required. Conclusions: This study was performed on a small group of patients compared with other studies, but showed that treatment with sofosbuvir and ribavirin was highly effective in patients with GT2 HCV infection. In aspect of safety, there was no serious side effects about treatment although hemoglobin decrease.
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Adsorption Characteristics of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn from Aqueous Solutions onto Reed Biochar
Ik-Won Choi,Jae-Hoon Kim,Soo-Hyung Lee,Jae-Kwan Lee,Dong-Cheol Seo,Ju-Sik Cho 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.5
Carbon-based sorbents such as biochar and activated carbon have been proven to be cost-effective in removing pollutants containing heavy metals from wastewater. The aim of this study was using batch experiment to evaluate the adsorption characteristics of heavy metals in single-metal conditions onto reed biochar for treating wastewater containing heavy metals. The removal rates of heavy metals were in the order of Pb > Cu ≒ Cd ≒ Zn, showing the adsorption efficiency of Pb was higher than the other heavy metals. Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherms were used to model the equilibrium adsorption data obtained from adsorption of Pb on reed biochar. For reed biochar, the Langmuir model provided a slightly better fit than the Freundlich model. Lead was observed on the biochar surface after adsorption by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The main functional groups of reed biochar were aromatic carbons. Overall, the results suggested that reed biochar could be useful adsorbent for treating wastewater containing Pb.
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Kim, Min-Young,Min, Se-Won,Um, Ik-Hwan Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.1
Second-order rate constants have been measured spectrophotometrically for the reactions of phenyl Y-substituted-phenyl carbonates 7a-g with butane-2,3-dione monoximate ($Ox^-$) in 80 mol % $H_2O$/20 mol % DMSO at $25.0{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$. The ${\alpha}$-nucleophile $Ox^-$ is 53-95 times more reactive than the corresponding normal-nucleophile 4-$ClPhO^-$ toward 7a-g, indicating that the ${\alpha}$-effect is operative. The magnitude of the ${\alpha}$-effect (e.g., the $k_{Ox^-}/k_{4-ClPhO^-}$ ratio) is independent of the electronic nature of the substituent Y. The cause of the ${\alpha}$-effect for the reactions of 7a-g has been suggested to be ground-state (GS) effect rather than transition-state (TS) stabilization through a six-membered cyclic TS, in which $Ox^-$ behaves a general acid/base catalyst. This idea is further supported by the result that $OH^-$ exhibits negative deviation from the linear Br${\o}$nsted-type plot composed of a series of aryloxides, while $Ox^-$ deviates positively from the linearity. Differential solvation of the GS of $Ox^-$ and 4-$ClPhO^-$ has been suggested to be responsible for the ${\alpha}$-effect exerted by $Ox^-$.
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( Won Sohn ),( Heon-ju Kwon ),( Hong Joo Kim ),( Byung Ik Kim ),( Yong Kyun Cho ) 대한간학회 2020 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2020 No.1
Aims: Magnetic resonance elastrography (MRE) is a noninvasive method to assess liver fibrosis in chronic liver disease. This study aimed to investigate the risk factors for liver fibrosis, assessed by MRE, in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 641 patients with NAFLD based on a cohort from Kangbuk Samsung Hospital health screening programs 2015-2018. Liver stiffness measurement (LSM) was evaluated using 2-dimensional real-time MRE. Significant liver fibrosis was defined as LSM ≥2.97 kPa. We investigated significant liver fibrosis and its risk factors in patients with NAFLD. Results: The mean age was 50.8 years and male was 546 patients (85%). The proportions of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome were 30%, 17%, and 34%, respectively. The mean value of LSM in MRE was 2.44 ± 0.40 kPa. Of 641 patients, significant liver fibrosis (LSM ≥2.97 kPa) was observed in 41 patients (6.4%). The multivariable analysis showed that significant liver fibrosis was associated with body mass index ≥27.5 kg/m2 (odds ratio [OR], 3.18; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.56-6.46; P=0.001), Fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index ≥1.3 (OR, 2.35; 95% CI, 1.15-4.80; P=0.020), metabolic syndrome (OR, 2.69; 95% CI, 1.26-5.75; P=0.010), and diabetes mellitus (OR, 4.55; 95% CI, 2.27-9.15; P<0.001). Conclusions: High levels of BMI and FIB-4 index, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus were the risk factors for significant liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
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Characteristics of Reduced Metal from Spent Oxide Fuel by Lithium
Kim Ik-Soo,Seo Chung-Seok,Shin Hee-Sung,Hwang Yong-Soo,Park Seong-Won Korean Nuclear Society 2003 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.35 No.4
The mass balance of the unit processes of the Advanced spent fuel Conditioning Process was calculated to obtain basic information. Based on this mass balance, the changes in decay heat and radioactivity of the spent fuel due to the metallization in the high temperature molten salt system were estimated. The decay heat and the radioactivity were calculated by using the ORIGEN2 computer code, and the result showed that the decay heat and the radioactivity of the metallized spent fuel ingot were $24.27\%\;and\;24.24\%$, respectively, compared to those of oxide spent fuel.
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Kim, Jun Won,Kim, Tae Hyung,Kim, Jie-Hyun,Lee, Ik Jae Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2018 World journal of gastroenterology Vol.24 No.7
<P><B>AIM</B></P><P>To evaluate toxicity and treatment outcome of high-dose radiotherapy (RT) for cervical esophageal cancer (CEC).</P><P><B>METHODS</B></P><P>We reviewed a total of 62 consecutive patients who received definitive RT for stage I to III cervical esophageal cancer between 2001 and 2015. Patients who received < 45 Gy, treated for lesions below sternal notch, treated with palliative aim, treated with subsequent surgical resection, or diagnosed with synchronous hypopharyngeal cancer were excluded. Treatment failures were divided into local (occurring within the RT field), outfield-esophageal, and regional [occurring in regional lymph node(s)] failures. Factors predictive of esophageal stenosis requiring endoscopic dilation were analyzed.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>Grade 1, 2, and 3 esophagitis occurred in 19 (30.6%), 39 (62.9%), and 4 patients (6.5%), respectively, without grade ≥ 4 toxicities. Sixteen patients (25.8%) developed post-RT stenosis, of which 7 cases (43.8%) were malignant. Four patients (6.5%) developed tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), of which 3 (75%) cases were malignant. Factors significantly correlated with post-RT stenosis were stage T3/4 (<I>P</I> = 0.001), complete circumference involvement (<I>P</I> < 0.0001), stenosis at diagnosis (<I>P</I> = 0.024), and endoscopic complete response (<I>P</I> = 0.017) in univariate analysis, while complete circumference involvement was significant in multivariate analysis (<I>P</I> = 0.003). A higher dose (≥ 60 Gy) was not associated with occurrence of post-RT stenosis or TEF. With a median follow-up of 24.3 (range, 3.4-152) mo, the 2 y local control, outfield esophageal control, progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS) rates were 78.9%, 90.2%, 49.6%, and 57.3%, respectively. Factors significantly correlated with OS were complete circumference involvement (<I>P</I> = 0.023), stenosis at diagnosis (<I>P</I> < 0.0001), and occurrence of post-RT stenosis or TEF (<I>P</I> < 0.001) in univariate analysis, while stenosis at diagnosis (<I>P</I> = 0.004) and occurrence of post-RT stenosis or TEF (<I>P</I> = 0.023) were significant in multivariate analysis.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>Chemoradiation for CEC was well tolerated, and a higher dose was not associated with stenosis. Patients with complete circumferential involvement require close follow-up.</P>
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Investigation on Health Effects of an Abandoned Metal Mine
Kim, Soyeon,Kwon, Ho-Jang,Cheong, Hae-Kwan,Choi, Kyungho,Jang, Jae-Yeon,Jeong, Woo-Chul,Kim, Dae-Seon,Yu, Seungdo,Kim, Young-Wook,Lee, Kwang-Young,Yang, Seoung-Oh,Jhung, Ik Jae,Yang, Won-Ho,Hong, Yun- The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2008 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.23 No.3
<P>To investigate potential health risks associated with exposure to metals from an abandoned metal mine, the authors studied people living near an abandoned mine (n=102) and control groups (n=149). Levels of cadmium, copper, arsenic, lead, and zinc were measured in the air, soil, drinking water, and agricultural products. To assess individual exposure, biomarkers of each metal in blood and urine were measured. β<SUB>2</SUB>-microglobulin, α<SUB>1</SUB>-microglobulin, and <I>N</I>-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and bone mineral density were measured. Surface soil in the study area showed 2-10 times higher levels of metals compared to that of the control area. Metal concentrations in the groundwater and air did not show any notable differences between groups. Mean concentrations of cadmium and copper in rice and barley from the study area were significantly higher than those of the control area (<I>p</I><0.05). Geometric means of blood and urine cadmium in the study area were 2.9 µg/L and 1.5 µg/g Cr, respectively, significantly higher than those in the control area (<I>p</I><0.05). There were no differences in the levels of urinary markers of early kidney dysfunction and bone mineral density. The authors conclude that the residents near the abandoned mine were exposed to higher levels of metals through various routes.</P>
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Kim, Chae-Won,Lee, Jae-In,Um, Ik-Hwan Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.suppl8
Second-order rate constants for nucleophilic substitution reactions of 2,4-dinitrophenyl benzenesulfonate 1a with a series of alicyclic secondary amines in MeCN have been measured spectrophotometrically and compared with those reported previously for the corresponding reactions performed in aqueous medium to investigate the effect of medium on reactivity and reaction mechanism. The amines employed in this study are found to be more reactive in the aprotic solvent than in $H_2O$. The reactions of 1a in MeCN result in a linear Br${\o}$nsted-type plot with ${\beta}_{nuc}$ = 0.58, which contrasts to the curved Br${\o}$nsted-type plot reported previously for the corresponding reactions performed in the aqueous medium (i.e., ${\beta}_2$ = 0.86 and ${\beta}_1$ = 0.38). Accordingly, it has been concluded that the reaction mechanism changes from a stepwise mechanism to a concerted pathway upon changing the medium from $H_2O$ to MeCN. Reactions of Y-substituted phenyl benzenesulfonates 1a-c with piperidine in MeCN result in a linear Br${\o}$nsted-type plot with ${\beta}_{lg}$ = -1.31, indicating that expulsion of the leaving group is significantly more advanced than bond formation in the transition state. The trigonal bipyramidal intermediate ($TBPy^{\pm}$) proposed previously for the reactions in $H_2O$ would be highly unstable in MeCN due to strong repulsion between the negative charge in $TBPy^{\pm}$ and the negative dipole end of MeCN. Thus, destabilization of $TBPy^{\pm}$ in MeCN has been concluded to change the reaction mechanism from a stepwise mechanism to a concerted pathway.
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