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Reproductive and developmental toxicity screening test of new TiO₂ GST in Sprague-Dawley rats
Hyung Seon Baek,Myeong Kyu Park,Hye Min Kim,Jae Min Im,Heung Sik Seo,Hee Ju Park,Sung Soon Nah 환경독성보건학회 2022 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.37 No.3
TiO₂ nanoparticles are widely used in paints, plastics, cosmetics, printing ink, rubber, food products, pharmaceuticals and other products (photocatalyst, etc.). However, there is little toxicological information during reproduction and developmental period. This study was performed to obtain safety data for new TiO₂ powder, GST (Green Sludge Titanium) produced through sludge recycling of the sewage treatment plant for Reproduction/developmental toxicity screening test in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in according to the OECD test guideline (TG 421). Based on the results of the dose-range finding study (14-day repeated toxicity), GST was orally administered to rats at doses of 0, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg B.W/day. Males were dosed for 35 days beginning 14 days before mating, and females for a maximum of 53 days beginning 14 days before mating to day 13 of lactation, including throughout the mating, gestation and lactation periods. In the reproductive and developmental examinations, there were no marked toxicities in terms of general clinical signs, body weight, food consumption, organ weights, macroscopic / microscopic findings, stages of spermatogenesis in the testis, reproductive finding (estrous cycle, copulation-fertility-gestation index), developmental finding (number of corpora lutea and implantations, pups parameters including live birth and viability index). The NOAEL for reproductive/developmental screening toxicity was concluded to be 2000 mg/kg/day under the present study conditions.
Im, Maesoon,Im, Hown,Lee, Joo-Hyung,Yoon, Jun-Bo,Choi, Yang-Kyu Royal Society of Chemistry 2010 SOFT MATTER Vol.6 No.7
<P>A robust superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surface is demonstrated. On a large-size template of the transparent polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer surface, perfectly ordered microstructures with an inverse-trapezoidal cross section are fabricated with two consecutive PDMS replication processes and a three-dimensional diffuser lithography technique. The hydrophobicity and transparency were improved by additional coating of a fluoropolymer layer. The robustness of superhydrophobicity was confirmed by the water droplet impinging test. This transparent, flexible, and superhydrophobic surface provides a new approach for self-cleaning surfaces.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>A robust superhydrophobic and superoleophobic surface is demonstrated on transparent polydimethylsiloxane elastomer. Perfectly-ordered microstructures with an inverse-trapezoidal cross-section are fabricated with PDMS replication processes and a three-dimensional diffuser lithography technique. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b925970h'> </P>
Inhibition of BET selectively eliminates undifferentiated pluripotent stem cells
Im, Jung Hyun,Hwang, Seon In,Kim, Jong-Wan,Park, Soon-Jung,Kang, Kyu-ree,You, Jueng Soo,Kim, Kee Pyo,Moon, Sung-Hwan,Cha, Hyuk-Jin,Chung, Hyung-Min,Schö,ler, Hans R.,Hyun, Jung Keun,Han, Dong Wook Elsevier 2018 Science bulletin Vol.63 No.8
DILATION OF PROJECTIVE ISOMETRIC REPRESENTATION ASSOCIATED WITH UNITARY MULTIPLIER
Im, Man Kyu,Ji, Un Cig,Kim, Young Yi,Park, Su Hyung 충청수학회 2007 충청수학회지 Vol.20 No.4
For a unital *-subalgebra of the space $\mathcal{L}^a(X)$ of all adjointable maps on a Hilbert $\mathcal{B}$-module X with a $C^*$-algebra $\mathcal{B}$, we study unitary operator (in such algebra)-valued multiplier ${\sigma}$ on a normal, generating subsemigroup S of a group G with its extension to G. A dilation of a projective isometric ${\sigma}$-representation of S is established as a projective unitary ${\rho}$-representation of G for a suitable unitary operator (in some algebra)-valued multiplier ${\rho}$ associated with the multiplier ${\sigma}$ which is explicitly constructed.
Improved Stability of Interfacial Energy-Level Alignment in Inverted Planar Perovskite Solar Cells
Im, Soeun,Kim, Wanjung,Cho, Wonseok,Shin, Dongguen,Chun, Do Hyung,Rhee, Ryan,Kim, Jung Kyu,Yi, Yeonjin,Park, Jong Hyeok,Kim, Jung Hyun American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.22
<P>Even though poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) has been commonly used as a hole extraction layer (HEL) for p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the cells’ photovoltaic performance deteriorates because of the low and unstable work functions (WFs) of PEDOT:PSS versus those of a perovskite layer. To overcome this drawback, we synthesized a copolymer (P(SS-<I>co</I>-TFPMA)) ionomer consisting of PSS and tetrafluoropropylmethacrylate (TFPMA) as an alternative to conventional PEDOT:PSS. The PEDOT:P(SS-<I>co</I>-TFPMA) copolymer solution and its film exhibited excellent homogeneity and high phase stability compared with a physical mixture of TFPMA with PEDOT:PSS solution. During spin coating, a self-organized conducting PEDOT:P(SS-<I>co</I>-TFPMA) HEL evolved and the topmost PEDOT:P(SS-<I>co</I>-TFPMA) film showed a hydrophobic surface with a higher WF compared to that of the pristine PEDOT:PSS film because of its chemically bonded electron-withdrawing fluorinated functional groups. Interestingly, the WF of the conventional PEDOT:PSS film dramatically deteriorated after being coated with a perovskite layer, whereas the PEDOT:P(SS-<I>co</I>-TFPMA) film represented a relatively small influence. Because of the superior energy-level alignment between the HEL and a perovskite layer even after the contact, the open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, and fill factor of the inverted planar p-i-n PSCs (IP-PSCs) with PEDOT:P(SS-<I>co</I>-TFPMA) were improved from 0.92 to 0.98 V, 18.96 to 19.66 mA/cm<SUP>2</SUP>, and 78.96 to 82.43%, respectively, resulting in a 15% improvement in the power conversion efficiency vs that of IP-PSCs with conventional PEDOT:PSS. Moreover, the IP-PSCs with PEDOT:P(SS-<I>co</I>-TFPMA) layer showed not only improved photovoltaic performance but also enhanced device stability due to hydrophobic surface of PEDOT:P(SS-<I>co</I>-TFPMA) film.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Im, Hyung-Jun,Hwang, Do Won,Lee, Han Kyu,Jang, Jaeho,Lee, Song,Youn, Hyewon,Jin, Yeona,Kim, Seung U,Kim, E Edmund,Kim, Yong Sik,Lee, Dong Soo MIT Press 2013 Molecular imaging Vol.12 No.4
<P>Transplantation of neural stem cells (NSCs) has been proposed as a treatment for Parkinson disease (PD). The aim of this study was to monitor the viability of transplanted NSCs expressing the enhanced luciferase gene in a mouse model of PD in vivo. The PD animal model was induced by unilateral injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The behavioral test using apomorphine-induced rotation and positron emission tomography with [18F]N-(3-fluoropropyl)-2'-carbomethoxy-3'-(4-iodophenyl)nortropane ([18F]FP-CIT) were conducted. HB1.F3 cells transduced with an enhanced firefly luciferase retroviral vector (F3-effLuc cells) were transplanted into the right striatum. In vivo bioluminescence imaging was repeated for 2 weeks. Four weeks after transplantation, [18F]FP-CIT PET and the rotation test were repeated. All 6-OHDA-injected mice showed markedly decreased [18F]FP-CIT uptake in the right striatum. Transplanted F3-effLuc cells were visualized on the right side of the brain in all mice by bioluminescence imaging. The bioluminescence intensity of the transplanted F3-effLuc cells gradually decreased until it was undetectable by 10 days. The behavioral test showed that stem cell transplantation attenuated the motor symptoms of PD. No significant change was found in [18F]FP-CIT imaging after cell transplantation. We successfully established an in vivo bioluminescence imaging system for the detection of transplanted NSCs in a mouse model of PD. NSC transplantation induced behavioral improvement in PD model mice.</P>
김형진(Hyung Jin Kim),이재임(Jae Im Lee),이상철(Sang Chul Lee),김수홍(Soo Hong Kim),이인규(In Kyu Lee),이윤석(Yoon Suk Lee),조현민(Hyeon-Min Cho),오승택(Seong Taek Oh) 대한외과학회 2010 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.78 No.5
In the field of surgery, there are a large number of studies in progress for more minimally invasive surgery and cosmetic improvements. Among these studies, NOTES (natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery) and single-port laparoscopic surgery are the 2 studies attracting the most attention. Single-port laparoscopic surgery is a procedure where laparoscopic surgery is performed through a single incision at the umbilicus or another region. Until now, many kinds of surgeries were performed by single-port laparoscopy. In this article, the authors attempt to explain the procedures of single-port laparoscopic appendectomy in detail based on our experiences.
Updates on the Sedation for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy
Jun Kyu Lee,Yoo Jin Lee,Jun Hyung Cho,Jong Pil Im,박창환,장재영,Byung Ik Jang 대한소화기내시경학회 2019 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.52 No.5
Sedation, defined as the depressed level of consciousness, induced by drug administration, is widely used for gastrointestinal endoscopyto relieve a patient’s anxiety and discomfort. In addition, successful procedure is anticipated with control of unintended movements. Endoscopic sedation, however, cannot be free from the risk of serious adverse events, e.g., cardiopulmonary compromise. Therefore,principles on personnel, facility and equipment, as well as performance itself, should be followed to prevent unfavorable incidents. Inthis article, sedation guidelines for the Accreditation of Qualified Endoscopy Units, issued by the Korean Society of GastrointestinalEndoscopy, are presented.