Exercise Reduces Airway Smooth Muscle Contraction in Asthmatic Rats via Inhibition of IL-4 Secretion and Store-Operated Ca2+ Entry Pathway

Huang Jun-Hao,Gao Hui-Wen,Gao Dong-Dong,Yang Wei-Yue,Zhao Meng-Ke,Shen Bing,Hu Min 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: Increased evidence has shown that aerobic exercise reduces airway hyperresponsiveness in asthmatic individuals. However, the underlying mechanisms of action remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise on airway smooth muscle (ASM) contractile function in asthmatic rats, and uncover the possible involvement of interleukin 4 (IL-4) and the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) pathway. Methods: In this study, chicken ovalbumin was used to induce asthma in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The exercise group received moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training for 4 weeks. IL-4 concentrations in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The contractile function of the ASM was investigated using tracheal ring tension experiments and intracellular Ca2+ imaging techniques. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate expression levels of calcium-release activated calcium (CRAC) channel protein (Orai) and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) in ASM. Results: Our data showed that the carbachol-stimulated, SOCE-mediated contraction of rat ASM was significantly increased in asthmatic rats, which could be abolished by exercise. Pharmacological studies revealed that GSK5498A and BTP-2, selective blockers of CRAC channels significantly inhibited SOCE-induced ASM contraction. In addition, exercise inhibited the up-regulation of IL-4 in BALF as well as STIM1 and Orai expression in the ASM of asthmatic rats. In line with these observations, we demonstrated that pretreatment of the ASM with IL-4 up-regulated the expression level of STIM1, Orai1 and Orai2, thereby promoting SOCE-mediated ASM contraction. Conclusions: The data in this study reveal that aerobic exercise may improve the ASM contractile function in asthmatic rats by inhibiting IL-4 secretion and by down-regulating the expression of STIM1, Orai1 and Orai2, thus decreasing excessive SOCE-mediated ASM contraction in asthmatic rats.

Low-crosstalk high-density polymeric integrated optics incorporating self-assembled scattering monolayer.

Huang, Guang-Hao,Kim, Jun-Whee,Chu, Woo-Sung,Oh, Min-Cheol,Seo, Jun-Kyu,Noh, Young-Ouk,Lee, Hyung-Jong Optical Society of America 2014 Optics express Vol.22 No.12

<P>Highly integrated optical components are strongly demanded because they enable wavelength-division multiplexing optical communication systems to achieve smaller footprints, lower power consumption, and enhanced reliability. Variable optical attenuator (VOA) arrays are often used with optical switches in cascaded form for reconfigurable optical add-drop multiplexer systems. Although VOAs and optical switches based on polymer waveguide technology are commercially available, it is still not viable to integrate these two array devices on a single chip because of significant interchannel crosstalk. In this work, we resolved the issue of crosstalk and integrated the arrays of optical switch and VOA on a single chip by incorporating a self-assembled scattering monolayer (SASM). The SASM was effective for scattering the planar guided mode; consequently, the crosstalk into an adjacent channel was significantly reduced, to less than -35 dB.</P>

Transient Receptor Potential Canonical 4 and 5 Channel Antagonist ML204 Depolarized Pacemaker Potentials of Interstitial Cells of Cajal

( Jun Hyung Lee ),( Wen-hao Wu ),( Xing-you Huang ),( Jae Yeoul Jun ),( Seok Choi ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회(구 대한소화관운동학회) 2020 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.26 No.4

Background/Aims To investigate an effect of ML204 (an inhibitor of transient receptor potential canonical 4 and 5 [TRPC4/5] channels) on interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) and therefore determine whether TRPC4/5 channels act on ICC-generated pacemaker activity. Methods We enforced whole cell patch clamp analysis, measurements of the intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction to determine the effect of ML204 (10 μM) or englerin A (a selective activator of TRPC4/5 channeles, 10 μM) and the existence of TRPC4/5 in mouse small intestinal ICC. Results Treatment of ICCs with ML204 or englerin A caused the membrane potentials to depolarize. This depolarization effect of membrane potentials by ML204 in ICCs was observed to be concentration-dependent. After treating Ca²⁺- and Na⁺-free solutions or flufenamic acid (a non-selective cation channel blocker), the pacemaker potentials in the ICCs were abolished. A specific anoctamin 1 channel blocker did not have any effect on the pacemaker activity in ML204-untreated control cells; however, they blocked ML204-induced pacemaker activity in ICCs. Specific primers designed against TRPC4 and TRPC5 detected the presence of TRPC4/5 in small intestinal ICCs, and the application of ML204 increased raise the frequency of Ca²⁺ oscillations in ICCs, as assessed using Fluo-4 AM. Conclusion The results implied that ML204 could not inhibit the pacemaker activity but depolarized the membrane potential of ICCs by regulating intracellular Ca²⁺ oscillations and anoctamin 1 channels. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2020;26:521-528)

Flexural behavior of ultra high performance concrete beams reinforced with high strength steel

Jun-Yan Wang,Jin-Ben Gu,Chao Liu,Yu-Hao Huang,Ru-Cheng Xiao,Biao Ma 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.81 No.5

A detailed experimental program was conducted to investigate the flexural behavior of ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) beams reinforced with high strength steel (HSS) rebars with a specified yield strength of 600 MPa via direct tensile test and monotonic four-point bending test. First, two sets of direct tensile test specimens, with the same reinforcement ratio but different yield strength of reinforcement, were fabricated and tested. Subsequently, six simply supported beams, including two plain UHPC beams and four reinforced UHPC beams, were prepared and tested under four-point bending load. The results showed that the balanced-reinforced UHPC beams reinforced with HSS rebars could improve the ultimate loadbearing capacity, deformation capacity, ductility properties, etc. more effectively owing to interaction between high strength of HSS rebar and strain-hardening characteristic of UHPC. In addition, the UHPC with steel rebars kept strain compatibility prior to the yielding of the steel rebar, further satisfied the plane-section assumption. Most importantly, the crack pattern of the UHPC beam reinforced with HSS rebars was prone to transform from single main crack failure corresponding to the normal-strength steel, to multiple main cracks failure under the condition of balanced-reinforced failure, which validated by the conclusion of direct tensile tests cooperated with acoustic emission (AE) source locating technique as well.

Experimental study on the injection and spray characteristics of biodiesel and diesel fuel within a common rail system

( Hao Yue Zhu ),( Zhen Huang ),( Jin Xiao ),( Jun Xing Hou ) 한국액체미립화학회 2010 한국액체미립화학회 학술강연회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.-

In this paper, the injection characteristics and macroscopic spray behavior of biodiesel and diesel fuel within a common rail system are investigated. The injection rate is measured with Bosch method, spray visualization system is employed to study the macroscopic spray characteristics of both fuels. The results show that the injection delays of biodiesel and diesel are almost the same. Comparing to diesel, injection duration of biodiesel is a little longer and injection fuel quantity is a little larger. The macroscopic spray result shows, with increased injection pressure, the tip penetration of biodiesel becomes longer and the spray cone angle becomes larger. When ambient pressure increases, the injection tip penetration becomes shorter and the spray cone angle becomes larger. Comparing to diesel, injection tip penetration of biodiesel is longer and spray cone angle is smaller, because the kinematic viscosity and surface tension of biodiesel are larger than those of diesel. The difference of spray characteristics of both fuels is no longer obvious under higher injection pressure. With increased ambient pressure, the difference of spray tip penetration of both fuels becomes larger, and the difference of spray cone angle become smaller.

Early Diagnosis and Management of Cerebral Venous Flow Obstruction Secondary to Transsinus Fracture after Traumatic Brain Injury

Wen-hao Wang,Jun-ming Lin,Fei Luo,Lian-shui Hu,Jun Li,Wei Huang 대한신경과학회 2013 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.9 No.4

Background and Purpose Cerebral venous flow obstruction (CVFO) is a fatal complication of traumatic brain injury. To compare the outcomes of patients with CVFO secondary to traumatic-brain-injury-induced transsinus fracture who were diagnosed early versus those diagnosed late in the therapeutic course. Methods In total, 403 patients with transsinus fracture were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into an early-diagnosis group (n=338) and a delayed-diagnosis group (n=65).The patients submitted to 2D time-of-flight magnetic resonance venography (2D-TOF MRV) and/or CT venography (CTV), depending upon the findings of intracranial pressure monitoring, in order to identify potentially complicated CVFO. These examinations took place within 3 days of the onset of malignant intracranial hypertension symptoms in the early-diagnosis group, and after an average of 7 days in the delayed-diagnosis group. Once diagnosed, patients received intravenous thrombolytic therapy with low-dose urokinase. Patients with massive transsinus epidural hematoma, depressed fracture, or cerebral hernia were treated surgically to relieve the compression and repair any damage to the venous sinuses. Results Cerebral venous flow obstruction was much more severe in the delayed-diagnosis group than in the early-diagnosis group (p<0.001), and hence patients in the former group were given a higher dose of urokinase (p<0.001) for thrombolytic therapy. They were also significantly more likely to need surgery (48.1% vs. 20.6%, p=0.003) and had a higher mortality rate (37.0%vs. 4.1%, p<0.001). However, patients in both groups experienced a similarly favorable prognosis, not only with regard to functional outcome but also with respect to neuroradiological improvement, as evaluated by 2D-TOF MRV/CTV at the final follow-up (p=0.218). Conclusions Delayed diagnosis can result in increased risk of surgery and death in the acute phase. Thrombolytic therapy with low-dose urokinase resulted in promising improvements in both functional and neuroradiological outcomes in all of the patients in this study, regardless of the time to diagnosis. J Clin Neurol 2013;9:259-268

Nonviral delivery systems for antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics

Si Huang,Xin-Yan Hao,Yong-Jiang Li,Jun-Yong Wu,Da-Xiong Xiang,Shilin Luo 한국생체재료학회 2022 생체재료학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are an important tool for the treatment of many genetic disorders. However, similar to other gene drugs, vectors are often required to protect them from degradation and clearance, and to accomplish their transport in vivo. Compared with viral vectors, artificial nonviral nanoparticles have a variety of design, synthesis, and formulation possibilities that can be selected to accomplish protection and delivery for specific applications, and they have served critical therapeutic purposes in animal model research and clinical applications, allowing safe and efficient gene delivery processes into the target cells. We believe that as new ASO drugs develop, the exploration for corresponding nonviral vectors is inevitable. Intensive development of nonviral vectors with improved delivery strategies based on specific targets can continue to expand the value of ASO therapeutic approaches. Here, we provide an overview of current nonviral delivery strategies, including ASOs modifications, action mechanisms, and multi-carrier methods, which aim to address the irreplaceable role of nonviral vectors in the progressive development of ASOs delivery.

Column-loss response of RC beam-column sub-assemblages with different bar-cutoff patterns

Meng-Hao Tsai,Jun-Kai Lu,Bo-Hong Huang 국제구조공학회 2014 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.49 No.6

Static loading tests were carried out in this study to investigate the effect of bar cutoff on the resistance of RC beam-column sub-assemblages under column loss. Two specimens were designed withcontinuous main reinforcement. Four others were designed with different types of bar cutoff in the mid-span and/or the beam-end regions. Compressive arch and tensile catenary responses of the specimens under gravitational loading were compared. Test results indicated that those specimens with approximately equal moment strength at the beam ends had similar peak loading resistance in the compressive arch phase but varied resistance degradation in the transition phase because of bar cutoff. The compressive bars terminated at one-third span could help to mitigate the degradation although they had minor contribution to the catenary action. Among those cutoff patterns, the K-type cutoff presented the best strength enhancement. It revealedthat it is better to extend the steel bars beyond the mid-span before cutoff for the two-span beams bridgingover a column vulnerable to sudden failure. For general cutoff patterns dominated by gravitational and seismic designs, they may be appropriately modified to minimize the influence of bar cutoff on the progressive collapse resistance.

중국기업의 SCM 성공요인 및 경영성과에 관한 실증분석

황명호(Ming Hao Huang),조현준(Hyun Jun Cho),맹경원(Qing Yuan Meng) 영남대학교 중국연구센터 2012 중국과 중국학 Vol.17 No.-

This paper investigates the success factors of SCM and the consequences of the supply chain collaboration efforts. From the review of the literature, we set ‘top management support’, ‘business process standardization and integration’, ‘interdependence’ and ‘mutual trust’ as the four success factors and the independent variables affect the collaboration through ‘IT applications’ and ‘information sharing.’ The ‘information sharing’ further impacts the different kinds of firm performance. We have proposed a structural model on those variables and the model was empirically tested by using survey data from 207 firms in Shanghai, China. Most of the hypotheses we proposed are statistically significant except the path from ‘mutual trust’ to ‘information sharing.’ We have provided explanations and implications on the research results, and then we also suggest some future research with its limitations.

Comparison Study of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty and Bone Cement-augmented Short-segment Pedicle Screw Fixation for Kummell Disease

( Yan-sheng Huang ),( Ding-jun Hao ),( Yong-ai Zhang ) 한국감성과학회 2017 한국감성과학회 국제학술대회(ICES) Vol.2017 No.-

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and bone cement-augmented short segmental fixation (BCA+SSF) for treating Kummell disease. Methods : Between June 2013 and December 2015, 60 patients were treated with PKP or BCA+SSF. All patients were followed up for 12-36 months. We retrospectively reviewed outcomes, including Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), visual analogue scale (VAS), and kyphotic Cobb angle. Results : VAS, ODI, and Cobb angle, measured postoperatively and at the final follow-up, were lower than those measured preoperatively in both groups (P< 0.05). VAS, ODI, and Cobb angle measured postoperatively demonstrated no significant differences when compared with those measured at the final follow-up in the PKP group (P >0.05). In the BCA+SSF group, VAS and ODI at the final follow-up were lower than those measured postoperatively (P< 0.05), but no significant difference was found in the Cobb angle (P >0.05). The PKP group had better VAS and ODI than the BCA+SSF group, postoperatively (P< 0.05). No significant difference was found in VAS and ODI at the final follow-up (P >0.05) or the Cobb angle measured postoperatively and at the final follow-up (P>0.05) between the two groups. Operative time, blood loss, and hospital stay in the PKP group were lower than those in the BCA+SSF group (P< 0. 05). No significant difference was found in complications (P >0.05). Conclusions : PKP patients had better early clinical outcomes, shorter operation and hospital admission times, and decreased blood loss, but similar complications, radiographic results, and long-term clinical outcomes compared with BCA+SSF patients.