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Fatigue Analysis of Lower Limb Muscle Group Using Elliptical Machine with Constant Loading
( Li-cheng Hsieh ),( Ching-chia Hsieh ) 한국농업기계학회 2018 한국농업기계학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.23 No.1
The elliptical machine or trainer is one of the most popular sports equipment for cardiorespiratory fitness training. In recent years, it is widely used in the family and the gymnasium in Taiwan. Therefore, it is necessary for further discussion about the movements of the elliptical machine, and various levels of the lower-limb muscular fatigue using the elliptical machine in various strengths. The research collected the electromyography (EMG) signal of lower limb muscles, and used the commercially available software to analyze the possible timing that the fatigue appeared. The research applied this system to analyze the lower-limb muscular fatigue when using the elliptical machine with a constant resistance. It compiled the relevant literature, developed the experimental methods and analyzed the results. The subjects of this research arranged ten young people who used elliptical trainer for the first time. They carried the EMG and pedaled in a nature way. Then, Fourier transform was applied for all collected data, and the median frequency was calculated from 80% of the maximum value of the mild fatigue. The result showed that 60% of subject’s rectus muscle had been fatigued first. As a result, when using the elliptical trainer, it was much easier to use the muscles of the front thigh and get tired. Most of the fatigue occurred from overusing the lower limb muscle. By understanding the biomechanics of the elliptical trainer, it could avoid or reduce the fatigue and injuries during exercise. The system can analyze the fatigue timing as well. The fatigue analysis results would help the elliptical machine users avoid injuries, and increasing the efficiency of elliptical training.
Longevity, tumor, and physical vitality in rats consuming ginsenoside Rg1
Chao-Chieh Hsieh,Chiung-Yun Chang,Tania Xu Yar Lee,Jinfu Wu,Suchada Saovieng,Yu-Wen Hsieh,Maijian Zhu,Chih-Yang Huang,Chia-Hua Kuo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.2
Background: Effects of the major ginsenoside Rg1 on mammalian longevity and physical vitality are rarely reported. Purpose: To examine longevity, tumor, and spontaneous locomotor activity in rats consuming Rg1. Methods: A total of 138 Wistar rats were randomized into 2 groups: control (N = 69) and Rg1 (N = 69). Rg1 (0.1 mg/kg per day) were orally supplemented from 6 months of age until natural death. Spontaneous mobility was measured by video-tracking together with body composition (dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) and inflammation markers at 5, 14, 21, and 28 months of age. Results: No significant differences in longevity (control: 706 days; Rg1: 651 days, p = 0.77) and tumor incidence (control: 19%; Rg1: 12%, p = 0.24) were observed between the two groups. Movement distance in the control group declined significantly by ~60% at 21 months of age, together with decreased TNF-α (p = 0.01) and increased IL-10 (p = 0.02). However, the movement distance in the Rg1 group was maintained ~50% above the control groups (p = 0.01) at 21 months of age with greater magnitudes of TNF-α decreases and IL-10 increases. Glucose, insulin, and body composition (bone, muscle and fat percentages) were similar for both groups during the entire observation period. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest a delay age-dependent decline in physical vitality during late life by lifelong Rg1 consumption. This improvement is associated with inflammatory modulation. Significant effects of Rg1 on longevity and tumorigenesis were not observed.
3-D THERMAL-HYDRAULIC ANALYSIS FOR AIRFLOW OVER A RADIATOR AND ENGINE ROOM
Hsieh, C.T.,Jang, J.Y. The Korean Society of Automotive Engineers 2007 International journal of automotive technology Vol.8 No.5
In the present study, a numerical analysis of the three-dimensional heat transfer and fluid flow for a vehicle cooling system was developed. The flow field of the engine room between the grille and radiator was analyzed. The results show that, as the airflow inlet grille angle $\alpha$ is varied from $15^{\circ}$ to $-15^{\circ}$, the air flow rate compared with $\alpha=0^{\circ}$(horizontal) changes from -11.9% to +5.1%; while the heat flux from the radiator changes from -9.2% to +4.4%. When the airflow inlet bumper angle $\beta$ is varied from $-5^{\circ}$ to $+15^{\circ}$, the heat flux from the radiator compared with $\beta=0^{\circ}$(horizontal) increases up to +4.4%. When the airflow inlet grille angle $\alpha=-15^{\circ}$ and the bumper grill angle $\beta=+15^{\circ}$, the airflow rates and heat flux compared with($\alpha=0^{\circ}$, $\beta=0^{\circ}$) can be increased to +9.5% and +7.5%, respectively. The results indicate that the optimal angles for cooling efficiency are used.
CD137 Is Required for M Cell Functional Maturation but Not Lineage Commitment
Hsieh, E.H.,Fernandez, X.,Wang, J.,Hamer, M.,Calvillo, S.,Croft, M.,Kwon, B.S.,Lo, D.D. American Association of Pathologists and Bacteriol 2010 The American journal of pathology Vol.177 No.2
Mucosal immune surveillance depends on M cells that reside in the epithelium overlying Peyer's patch and nasopharyngeal associated lymphoid tissue to transport particles to underlying lymphocytes. M cell development is associated with B lymphocytes in a basolateral pocket, but the interactions between these cells are poorly understood. In a cell culture model of M cell differentiation, we found lymphotoxin/tumor necrosis factor α induction of CD137 (TNFRSF9) protein on intestinal epithelial cell lines, raising the possibility that CD137 on M cells in vivo might interact with CD137L expressed by B cells. Accordingly, while CD137-deficient mice produced UEA-1+ M cell progenitors in nasopharyngeal associated lymphoid tissue and Peyer's patch epithelium, they showed an abnormal morphology, including the absence of basolateral B cell pockets. More important, CD137-deficient nasopharyngeal associated lymphoid tissue M cells were defective in microparticle transcytosis. Bone marrow irradiation chimeras confirmed that while induction of UEA-1+ putative M cell precursors was not CD137-dependent, full M cell transcytosis function required expression of CD137 by radioresistant stromal cells as well as by bone marrow-derived cells. These results are consistent with a two-step model of M cell differentiation, with initial CD137-independent commitment to the M cell lineage followed by a CD137-CD137L interaction of M cells with CD137-activated B lymphocytes or dendritic cells for functional maturation.
Hsieh-Chih Tsai 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.2
Smart drug delivery systems have showed great potential for the disease treatment that can be stimulated by the changes in the environmental parameter. Among all the smart carrier, biocompatible amphiphilic block copolymers have been considered as the most promising bio-materials to delivery of anticancer drug due to the formation core-shell nanoparticles protect the above agents. The self-assembled nanostructure exhibited several advantage when delivery the therapeutic drug, such as improve the solubility and stability of drug before transportation to targeting organs. However, the non-select drug release from the amphiphilic copolymer limit their application in the treatment of cancer disease. Thus, the introducing of stimuli sensitive and easily cleavable groups in the polymer chain during the synthesis of materials is essential to achieve rapid and relatively completely drug release from the carrier in the cancer environment. Therefore, we have synthesized two kind of Di-selenide contained copolymer system (Bi(mPEG-SeSe)-b-(PCL) and Bi(mPEG-b-PLGA)-Se2) and evaluation their drug released mechanism of above two approach. Di-selenide containing block copolymer exhibited the selective drug release only in cancer cells, which can be utilized as targeting strategy for delivery anticancer drug.
( Hsieh Wei-her ),( Lu Shih-yun ),( Ho Pei-jung ) 한국기초조형학회 2022 한국기초조형학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2022 No.1
Over the past decades, showgirls are absolutely essential and have played an indispensable role in the many exhibition field. They show up in various occasions such as furniture exhibitions, Computex Fair, Information Fairs, and Exhibitions of Innovation, etc...In the early stage, their dress are likely to be rubber, fitting, and bikini-like style, along with white or black tall platform boots mainly. Recently, their garment gradually had a new appearance, begun to wear streamlined one-piece dress, with company log and image color on it. Unlike the racing girl wear a costume with monotonous black and white boots, the new style of elegant and professional image are showing up. This study aims to analyze the developing aesthetic form of showgirls’ costume in Computex since 2010. And the possibility of combination of interactive technology and showgirls’ costume will also be discussed. As mentioned above, the fuction of costume can enhance the recognition, and create a powerful image to the audiences. showgirl is an eye-catching role by many reporters and photographers at the exhibition venue. They are part of exhibition as well.