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Performance of reduced bit-depth acquisition for optical frequency domain imaging
Goldberg, Brian D.,Vakoc, Benjamin J.,Oh, Wang-Yuhl,Suter, Melissa J.,Waxman, Sergio,Freilich, Mark I.,Bouma, Brett E.,Tearney, Guillermo J. The Optical Society 2009 Optics express Vol.17 No.19
<P>High-speed optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) has enabled practical wide-field microscopic imaging in the biological laboratory and clinical medicine. The imaging speed of OFDI, and therefore the field of view, of current systems is limited by the rate at which data can be digitized and archived rather than the system sensitivity or laser performance. One solution to this bottleneck is to natively digitize OFDI signals at reduced bit depths, e.g., at 8-bit depth rather than the conventional 12-14 bit depth, thereby reducing overall bandwidth. However, the implications of reduced bit-depth acquisition on image quality have not been studied. In this paper, we use simulations and empirical studies to evaluate the effects of reduced depth acquisition on OFDI image quality. We show that image acquisition at 8-bit depth allows high system sensitivity with only a minimal drop in the signal-to-noise ratio compared to higher bit-depth systems. Images of a human coronary artery acquired in vivo at 8-bit depth are presented and compared with images at higher bit-depth acquisition.</P>
Male Action vs. Female Inaction
Arielle Miranda Goldberg,Alexis Pulos,Seungcheol Austin Lee 한국언론학회 2015 Asian Communication Research Vol.12 No.2
Video game characters are overwhelmingly male; most female characters in games reaffirm problematic gender ideologies through their designed performances and semiotic representations of gender. The present study employs semiotic analysis, underpinned with Butler’s theory of gender performativity, in order to uncover the gender ideologies represented by Tifa Lockhart in Square-Enix’s Final Fantasy VII and Princess Zelda in Nintendo’s The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time. The authors contend that these female characters reflect and reify historical Japanese gender ideologies in which men are taught to be strong and dominant, while women are taught to be reserved and subservient.