Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of the Rat Lung induced by the Paraquat Poisoning

Kim, Moo-Kang,Hirohata, Yasuhisa,Kaoru, Aihara,Ghazizadeh, M.,Lee, Young-Ho,Shin, Tae-Kyun 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1987 충남의대잡지 Vol.14 No.2

제초제로 널리 사용되고 있는 paraquat를 25g정도 체중의 rat 복강내로 20㎎/㎏되게 생리 식염수로 희석하여 주입한 후 시간이 경과함에 따라 폐에서 일어나는 형태학적 변화를 주사전자현미경을 이용하여 관찰한 결과 주입 후 30분부터 전반적으로 폐조직이 불규칙하게 되는 형태학적 변화가 있었으며 1시간후에는 폐포내에 적혈구가 출현하였고 시간이 경과함에 따라 폐조직의 변화가 더 심하였으며 그 주된 변화는 제1형 세포의 감소, 출혈, 섬유성 물질의 증가, 대식세포수의 증가등에 기인하는 섬유성 변화와 폐포간 중격의 증가 그리고 폐포의 폐쇄등이었다.

Visibility of Electric Distribution Utility Performance to Manage Loss and Reliability Indices

Honarmand, Mohammad-Esmaeil,Ghazizadeh, Mohammad-Sadegh,Kermanshah, Ali,Haghifam, Mahmoud-Reza The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.5

To achieve economic stability, distribution Company as an economic institution should be managed by various processes. In this way, knowledge of different processes is the first step. Furthermore, expectations, outputs, requirement data, and sub-processes should be extracted and determined. Accordingly, to assign the performance responsibility of each process, the decision-making points must be introduced and, the deviation or change in set-points should be investigated into processes. Also, the performance of processes could be monitored by introducing of the sub-indictors. In this study, a practical method is presented for monitoring of reliability and power loss indices from viewpoint components' supply chain into the distribution network. At first, the visibility model of the supply chain is illustrated by focus group and the sub-indicators are extracted for each process of this chain. Then, validation and verification of the sub-indicators are accomplished by the Delphi method and, an information dashboard is presented by confirmed the sub-indicators and statistics methods. Finally, the proposed method is investigated by real data in a typical network and the results are analyzed.

Dopamine Neurons Encoding Long-Term Memory of Object Value for Habitual Behavior

Kim, H.F.,Ghazizadeh, A.,Hikosaka, O. Cell Press ; MIT Press 2015 Cell Vol.163 No.5

Dopamine neurons promote learning by processing recent changes in reward values, such that reward may be maximized. However, such a flexible signal is not suitable for habitual behaviors that are sustained regardless of recent changes in reward outcome. We discovered a type of dopamine neuron in the monkey substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) that retains past learned reward values stably. After reward values of visual objects are learned, these neurons continue to respond differentially to the objects, even when reward is not expected. Responses are strengthened by repeated learning and are evoked upon presentation of the objects long after learning is completed. These ''sustain-type'' dopamine neurons are confined to the caudal-lateral SNc and project to the caudate tail, which encodes long-term value memories of visual objects and guides gaze automatically to stably valued objects. This population of dopamine neurons thus selectively promotes learning and retention of habitual behavior.

Comparison of Hydraulic Performance of Triangular Side Weirs with a Focus on the Overhang Type

Maryam Yeganeh,Mohammadreza Jalili Ghazizadeh,Mojtaba Saneie,Ehsanollah Zeighami 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.10

This paper has studied the performance of different triangular labyrinth side weirs. To evaluate the effectiveness of the various schemes: triangulating, adding sloped floors to the cycles, apex overhanging, and changing to an asymmetry plan were experimentally investigated. Continuous improvement has been achieved in these examinations. The average increase of the discharge coefficients relative to the rectangular side weirs was 80, 82, 87, and 96% for triangular side weirs, triangular side weirs with sloped floors, triangular side weirs with sloped floors and overhangs, and asymmetric triangular side weirs with sloped floors and overhangs, respectively. Velocity components near side weirs also confirmed higher performance for the asymmetric plan. Two new equations have been presented to estimate the discharge coefficient of the two-cycle triangular side weirs and triangular side weirs with sloped floors and overhangs. The proposed equation for the triangular side weirs was supported by the present laboratory data, as well as data from other researchers covering different apex angles of 35°, 45°, 60°, 90°, 120°, and 140°. The study results can be used to design triangular side weirs for enhancing the discharge capacity where the channel bank is limited to pass the required flow rate.

A novel process for simultaneous degumming and deacidification of Soybean, Canola and Sunflower oils by tetrabutylphosphonium phosphate ionic liquid

Khavar Adhami,Hamideh Asadollahzadeh,Mahdieh Ghazizadeh 한국공업화학회 2019 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.76 No.-

In this study simultaneous degumming and deacidification of edible oils were done by tetrabutylphos-phonium phosphate IL. Under the optimized extraction conditions of soybean oil (3 mass% IL, 60 C and20 min), canola oil (2 mass% IL, 60 C and 20 min) and sunflower oil (1.5 mass% IL, 50 C, 15 min), thecontent of free fatty acid (FFA) and phosphorus reached 0.18% and 3.5 mg/kg; 0.12% and 3.8 mg/kg; and0.17% and 3.5 mg/kg, respectively. In this work, soap stock and water washing stage were eliminated andno waste water, which pollutes the environment, was produced.

Visibility of Electric Distribution Utility Performance to Manage Loss and Reliability Indices

M. Esmaeil Honarmand,M. Sadegh Ghazizadeh,Ali Kermanshah,M. Reza Haghifam 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.5

To achieve economic stability, distribution Company as an economic institution should be managed by various processes. In this way, knowledge of different processes is the first step. Furthermore, expectations, outputs, requirement data, and sub-processes should be extracted and determined. Accordingly, to assign the performance responsibility of each process, the decisionmaking points must be introduced and, the deviation or change in set-points should be investigated into processes. Also, the performance of processes could be monitored by introducing of the sub-indictors. In this study, a practical method is presented for monitoring of reliability and power loss indices from viewpoint components" supply chain into the distribution network. At first, the visibility model of the supply chain is illustrated by focus group and the sub-indicators are extracted for each process of this chain. Then, validation and verification of the sub-indicators are accomplished by the Delphi method and, an information dashboard is presented by confirmed the sub-indicators and statistics methods. Finally, the proposed method is investigated by real data in a typical network and the results are analyzed.

The occurrence of dental implant malpositioning and related factors: A cross-sectional cone-beam computed tomography survey

Safi Yaser,Amid Reza,Zadbin Fariba,Ghazizadeh Ahsaie Mitra,Mortazavi Hamed 대한영상치의학회 2021 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.51 No.3

Purpose: Dental implants are widely used for the rehabilitation of edentulous sites. This study investigated the occurrence of dental implant malpositioning as shown on post-implantation cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to identify related factors. Materials and Methods: Samples with at least 1 malpositioned dental implant were collected from a central radiology clinic in Tehran, Iran from January 2017 to January 2019. Variables such as demographic characteristics, length and diameter of implants, type of implant, sites of implant insertion, different types of implant malpositioning problems (cortical plate perforation, interference with anatomical structures), angulation of the implant, and the severity of malpositioning were assessed. In addition, the incidence of implant fracture and over-drilling was evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test, 1-sample t-test, and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: In total, 252 patients referred for implant postoperative CBCT evaluations were assessed. The cases of implant malpositioning included perforation of the buccal cortical plate (19.4%), perforation of the lingual cortical plate (14.3%), implant proximity to an adjacent implant (19.0%), implant proximity to an adjacent tooth (3.2%), interference with anatomical structures (maxillary sinus: 18.3%, mandibular canal: 11.1%, nasal cavity: 6.3%, mental foramen: 5.6%, and incisive canal: 0.4%). Implant fracture and over-drilling were found in 1.6% and 0.8% of cases, respectively. Severity was categorized as mild (9.5%), moderate (35.7%), severe (37.7%), and extreme (17.1%), and 52.4% of implants had inappropriate angulation. Conclusion: CBCT imaging is recommended for detecting dental implant malpositioning. The most common and severe type of malpositioning was buccal cortex perforation.

The occurrence of dental implant malpositioning and related factors: A cross-sectional cone-beam computed tomography survey

Safi, Yaser,Amid, Reza,Zadbin, Fariba,Ahsaie, Mitra Ghazizadeh,Mortazavi, Hamed Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology 2021 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.51 No.-

Purpose: Dental implants are widely used for the rehabilitation of edentulous sites. This study investigated the occurrence of dental implant malpositioning as shown on post-implantation cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and to identify related factors. Materials and Methods: Samples with at least 1 malpositioned dental implant were collected from a central radiology clinic in Tehran, Iran from January 2017 to January 2019. Variables such as demographic characteristics, length and diameter of implants, type of implant, sites of implant insertion, different types of implant malpositioning problems (cortical plate perforation, interference with anatomical structures), angulation of the implant, and the severity of malpositioning were assessed. In addition, the incidence of implant fracture and over-drilling was evaluated. Data were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test, 1-sample t-test, and Spearman correlation coefficients. Results: In total, 252 patients referred for implant postoperative CBCT evaluations were assessed. The cases of implant malpositioning included perforation of the buccal cortical plate (19.4%), perforation of the lingual cortical plate (14.3%), implant proximity to an adjacent implant (19.0%), implant proximity to an adjacent tooth (3.2%), interference with anatomical structures(maxillary sinus: 18.3%, mandibular canal: 11.1%, nasal cavity: 6.3%, mental foramen: 5.6%, and incisive canal: 0.4%). Implant fracture and over-drilling were found in 1.6% and 0.8% of cases, respectively. Severity was categorized as mild (9.5%), moderate (35.7%), severe (37.7%), and extreme (17.1%), and 52.4% of implants had inappropriate angulation. Conclusion: CBCT imaging is recommended for detecting dental implant malpositioning. The most common and severe type of malpositioning was buccal cortex perforation.

Evaluation of polyglycolic acid as an animal-free biomaterial for three-dimensional culture of human endometrial cells

Sadegh Amiri,Zohreh Bagher,Azadeh Akbari Sene,Reza Aflatoonian,Mehdi Mehdizadeh,Peiman Broki Milan,Leila Ghazizadeh,Mahnaz Ashrafi,FatemehSadat Amjadi The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2022 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.49 No.4

Objective: Animal-free scaffolds have emerged as a potential foundation for consistent, chemically defined, and low-cost materials. Because of its good potential for high biocompatibility with reproductive tissues and well-characterized scaffold design, we investigated whether polyglycolic acid (PGA) could be used as an animal-free scaffold instead of natural fibrin-agarose, which has been used successfully for three-dimensional human endometrial cell culture. Methods: Isolated primary endometrial cells was cultured on fibrin-agarose and PGA polymers and evaluated various design parameters, such as scaffold porosity and mean fiber diameter. Cytotoxicity, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and immunostaining experiments were conducted to examine cell activity on fabricated scaffolds. Results: The MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and SEM results showed that endometrial cells grew and proliferated on both scaffolds. Immunostaining showed cytokeratin and vimentin expression in seeded cells after 7 days of culture. On both scaffolds, an epithelial arrangement of cultured cells was found on the top layer and stromal arrangement matrix on the bottom layer of the scaffolds. Therefore, fibrin-agarose and PGA scaffolds successfully mimicked the human endometrium in a way suitable for in vitro analysis. Conclusion: Both fibrin-agarose and PGA scaffolds could be used to simulate endometrial structures. However, because of environmental and ethical concerns and the low cost of synthetic polymers, we recommend using PGA as a synthetic polymer for scaffolding in research instead of natural biomaterials.